Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.36648/physiotherapy.3.1.3
B. Gasser
The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of different climbing shoes (climbing shoes versus mountaineering boots) on heart rate as measure of physical performance. Five female recreational climbers (36.1 ± 14.1 years/180.9 ± 6.2 cm/72.6 ± 8.5 kg) and five male recreational climbers (34.4 ± 4.9 years/179 ± 3.2 cm/78.8 ± 10.8 kg) with regular climbing activity absolved twice a route 5b+ with climbing shoes respectively mountaineering boots. A significant increase of average heart rate from 94.3 ± 16.7 to 136.1 ± 38.3 beats per minute was detected when using climbing shoes (p<0.01). With mountaineering boots a significant increase of heart rate from 101.8 ± 11.4 to 148.3 ± 39.5 beats per minute was detected (p<0.01). End values of heart rates per minute were significatly higher when climbing with mountaineering boots versus with climbing shoes. (p=0.02) interestingly, the Additional exertion was taxed with 1.75 ± 0.5 grades on French scale implying a serious additional challenge when climbing with mountaineering boots versus climbing shoes. In consequence, relevance of manner of shoes is pinpointed and especially when climbing several pitches in the nature for reasons of security a margin of around two levels French Scale is recommended.
{"title":"Climbing Shoes Versus Mountaineering Boots-What are the Effects on Physical Performance?","authors":"B. Gasser","doi":"10.36648/physiotherapy.3.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/physiotherapy.3.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of different climbing shoes (climbing shoes versus mountaineering boots) on heart rate as measure of physical performance. Five female recreational climbers (36.1 ± 14.1 years/180.9 ± 6.2 cm/72.6 ± 8.5 kg) and five male recreational climbers (34.4 ± 4.9 years/179 ± 3.2 cm/78.8 ± 10.8 kg) with regular climbing activity absolved twice a route 5b+ with climbing shoes respectively mountaineering boots. A significant increase of average heart rate from 94.3 ± 16.7 to 136.1 ± 38.3 beats per minute was detected when using climbing shoes (p<0.01). With mountaineering boots a significant increase of heart rate from 101.8 ± 11.4 to 148.3 ± 39.5 beats per minute was detected (p<0.01). End values of heart rates per minute were significatly higher when climbing with mountaineering boots versus with climbing shoes. (p=0.02) interestingly, the Additional exertion was taxed with 1.75 ± 0.5 grades on French scale implying a serious additional challenge when climbing with mountaineering boots versus climbing shoes. In consequence, relevance of manner of shoes is pinpointed and especially when climbing several pitches in the nature for reasons of security a margin of around two levels French Scale is recommended.","PeriodicalId":339792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiotherapy Research","volume":"98 2-3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133424268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.36648/physiotherapy.3.1.2
B. Gasser
Background: The biggest ski mountaineering race of the West Alps Patrouille des Glaciers (PdG) is characterized by a short course from Arolla-Verbier and a classic distance from Zermatt-Arolla-Verbier. In accordance with general findings from endurance sports e.g., running where the average speed in half marathon is lower compared to marathon these findings should also be valid for PdG. This yields to the aim of the study to analyze potential differences between the short versus the long course at PdG. Materials and methods: All participants of PdG 2018 were analyzed yielding to a total of 207 Patrols (principally three alpinists) from race one from Zermatt-Arolla- Verbier, 344 patrols from race two Zermatt-Arolla-Verbier as well as 374 patrols from race one of the short distance Arolla-Verbier and 375 of race two Arolla-Verbier with an average age in female of 39.1 ± 10.2 years and male 41.4 ± 10.9. Average speed was calculated with the concept of performance km for the different parts of the short and the long race. Furthermore, significance of differences between average speed of the short and the long race was analyzed with two-sided t-tests. Results: In total, average speed was significantly higher in the original race compared to the short course. Only the first part just after the start was faster in the short race Arolla-Verbier compared to the original race Zermatt- Arolla-Verbier. Discussion: These findings are somehow contra intuitive but might be explained by the different samples of participants at the short versus the long race. At the long race mainly highly trained alpinists take part whereas the short races more often attract recreational alpinists. Beside that gender differences are to mention: Only thirteen female participants absolved the original course (less than 0.01 percent) whereas in the Arolla-Verbier nearly one fourth were female (0.24 percent) implying the large physical challenge in the original course mainly absolved by men.
{"title":"Short versus Long Course at Patrouille Des Glaciers (Pdg)–Who Participates At the Original Course from Zermatt to Arolla and Verbier","authors":"B. Gasser","doi":"10.36648/physiotherapy.3.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/physiotherapy.3.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The biggest ski mountaineering race of the West Alps Patrouille des Glaciers (PdG) is characterized by a short course from Arolla-Verbier and a classic distance from Zermatt-Arolla-Verbier. In accordance with general findings from endurance sports e.g., running where the average speed in half marathon is lower compared to marathon these findings should also be valid for PdG. This yields to the aim of the study to analyze potential differences between the short versus the long course at PdG. \u0000Materials and methods: All participants of PdG 2018 were analyzed yielding to a total of 207 Patrols (principally three alpinists) from race one from Zermatt-Arolla- Verbier, 344 patrols from race two Zermatt-Arolla-Verbier as well as 374 patrols from race one of the short distance Arolla-Verbier and 375 of race two Arolla-Verbier with an average age in female of 39.1 ± 10.2 years and male 41.4 ± 10.9. Average speed was calculated with the concept of performance km for the different parts of the short and the long race. Furthermore, significance of differences between average speed of the short and the long race was analyzed with two-sided t-tests. \u0000Results: In total, average speed was significantly higher in the original race compared to the short course. Only the first part just after the start was faster in the short race Arolla-Verbier compared to the original race Zermatt- Arolla-Verbier. \u0000Discussion: These findings are somehow contra intuitive but might be explained by the different samples of participants at the short versus the long race. At the long race mainly highly trained alpinists take part whereas the short races more often attract recreational alpinists. Beside that gender differences are to mention: Only thirteen female participants absolved the original course (less than 0.01 percent) whereas in the Arolla-Verbier nearly one fourth were female (0.24 percent) implying the large physical challenge in the original course mainly absolved by men.","PeriodicalId":339792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiotherapy Research","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128112797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.36648/physiotherapy.3.1.1
Luo Dan, Shen Yan, Jian-Qiang Lv, F Yong-Qian, H. Dong-hui, L Wei-Long, S. Hai-min, X Hu-Ji, Guan Jianlong
Objective: To Investigate the effect of mechanical stress and verapamil on type collagen synthesis in human Osteoarthritic chondrocyte/agarose constructs, and whether these two factors interactively promote type collagen synthesis. Design: Mechanical stress of 24 kPa was applied to osteoarthritic chondrocyte/agarose constructs for 0.5 h, 1 h and 2 h. Pre-stress treatment with 40 μmol/L verapamil was added and used to test whether it can interactively influence type collagen metabolism. RT-PCR, ELISA and Western Blot were performed to measure the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13 and type collagen. Statistical significance was assessed by ANOVA test. Results: Mechanical stress of 24 kPa resulted in a time-dependent increasing of the production of type collagen while decreasing of MMP-1, MMP-13 from chondrocytes, but no significant trend was observed in the expression of MMP-3. Whether or not combined with mechanical stress, verapamil (40 μmol/L) can inhibit the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-13 (P<0.05), and promote the expression of type collagen (P<0.05). However, mechanical stress can enhance its anabolic effects on type collagen than verapamil alone. Conclusions: Mechanical stress, either independently or in combination with verapamil treatment, could raise the production of type collagen in human osteoarthitic chondrocytes in this study predict that proper protective effect for Articular cartilage in healthy Population
{"title":"Proper Physical Exercise may be in Favour of Joint Health: Mechanical Stress in Combination with Verapamil can Raise the Production of Type II Collagen and Suppress the Production of MMP-1, MMP-13 in Human Osteoarthritic Chondrocyte/Agarose Constructs.","authors":"Luo Dan, Shen Yan, Jian-Qiang Lv, F Yong-Qian, H. Dong-hui, L Wei-Long, S. Hai-min, X Hu-Ji, Guan Jianlong","doi":"10.36648/physiotherapy.3.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/physiotherapy.3.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To Investigate the effect of mechanical stress and verapamil on type collagen synthesis in human Osteoarthritic chondrocyte/agarose constructs, and whether these two factors interactively promote type collagen synthesis. \u0000Design: Mechanical stress of 24 kPa was applied to osteoarthritic chondrocyte/agarose constructs for 0.5 h, 1 h and 2 h. Pre-stress treatment with 40 μmol/L verapamil was added and used to test whether it can interactively influence type collagen metabolism. RT-PCR, ELISA and Western Blot were performed to measure the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13 and type collagen. Statistical significance was assessed by ANOVA test. \u0000Results: Mechanical stress of 24 kPa resulted in a time-dependent increasing of the production of type collagen while decreasing of MMP-1, MMP-13 from chondrocytes, but no significant trend was observed in the expression of MMP-3. Whether or not combined with mechanical stress, verapamil (40 μmol/L) can inhibit the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-13 (P<0.05), and promote the expression of type collagen (P<0.05). However, mechanical stress can enhance its anabolic effects on type collagen than verapamil alone. \u0000Conclusions: Mechanical stress, either independently or in combination with verapamil treatment, could raise the production of type collagen in human osteoarthitic chondrocytes in this study predict that proper protective effect for Articular cartilage in healthy Population","PeriodicalId":339792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiotherapy Research","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128548528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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