Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-5360-5.ch018
Mariana de Miranda Seize, Juliane Callegaro Borsa
Screening for early signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (before 36 months of age) allows an early diagnosis and early intervention programs that provide better developmental opportunities for the child. The objective of this chapter is to increase the knowledge about early signs of ASD enabling their early detection. The method used was a literature review of the early warning signs of autism spectrum disorder in children between 24 and 36 months of age in the domains that characterize this disorder.
{"title":"Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"Mariana de Miranda Seize, Juliane Callegaro Borsa","doi":"10.4018/978-1-6684-5360-5.ch018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5360-5.ch018","url":null,"abstract":"Screening for early signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (before 36 months of age) allows an early diagnosis and early intervention programs that provide better developmental opportunities for the child. The objective of this chapter is to increase the knowledge about early signs of ASD enabling their early detection. The method used was a literature review of the early warning signs of autism spectrum disorder in children between 24 and 36 months of age in the domains that characterize this disorder.","PeriodicalId":340073,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130436535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-5360-5.ch009
Oscar J. Wambuguh
The skeleton provides the framework and anchor points against which muscles, attached via tendons, can exert force. Three types of cells are involved in making bone: osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and cartilage. The human muscle system is made up of three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. The neonate period of life is the first 4 weeks after the birth of an infant. This chapter presents 11 genetic disorders that affect muscles, connective tissue, and newborns. These include achondroplasia, Charcot-Marie tooth syndrome, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Ellis-Van Creveld syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Marfan syndrome, fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive, myotonic dystrophy, Angelman syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, fragile-X syndrome, and Waardenburg syndrome.
{"title":"Muscle, Connective Tissue, and Neonatal Disorders","authors":"Oscar J. Wambuguh","doi":"10.4018/978-1-6684-5360-5.ch009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5360-5.ch009","url":null,"abstract":"The skeleton provides the framework and anchor points against which muscles, attached via tendons, can exert force. Three types of cells are involved in making bone: osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and cartilage. The human muscle system is made up of three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. The neonate period of life is the first 4 weeks after the birth of an infant. This chapter presents 11 genetic disorders that affect muscles, connective tissue, and newborns. These include achondroplasia, Charcot-Marie tooth syndrome, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Ellis-Van Creveld syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Marfan syndrome, fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive, myotonic dystrophy, Angelman syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, fragile-X syndrome, and Waardenburg syndrome.","PeriodicalId":340073,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130189838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-5360-5.ch021
S. Nanda
Though adolescence is relatively a healthier period of life as compared to childhood, several risk factors of adult diseases having their onset during adolescence can be prevented with proper interventions during this period, though with many challenges. Data on the health and nutritional status of adolescents is of vital importance not merely in the context of improving the quality of their lives but also for providing valuable insight into issues that are likely to have profound bearing on the future generations. However, the exclusive data pertaining to the adolescent health issues in Indian scenario is not available as compared to other nations. Hence, the data pertaining to South East Asia region for comparison has been referred to, in which India is a major constituent country. The data about important adolescent health issues in different areas is scarce. Hence, detailed investigation of the incidence and interventions on adolescent health issues is the need of the hour.
{"title":"Physical Health","authors":"S. Nanda","doi":"10.4018/978-1-6684-5360-5.ch021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5360-5.ch021","url":null,"abstract":"Though adolescence is relatively a healthier period of life as compared to childhood, several risk factors of adult diseases having their onset during adolescence can be prevented with proper interventions during this period, though with many challenges. Data on the health and nutritional status of adolescents is of vital importance not merely in the context of improving the quality of their lives but also for providing valuable insight into issues that are likely to have profound bearing on the future generations. However, the exclusive data pertaining to the adolescent health issues in Indian scenario is not available as compared to other nations. Hence, the data pertaining to South East Asia region for comparison has been referred to, in which India is a major constituent country. The data about important adolescent health issues in different areas is scarce. Hence, detailed investigation of the incidence and interventions on adolescent health issues is the need of the hour.","PeriodicalId":340073,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine","volume":"34 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131738510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-5360-5.ch007
Vasumathy M., Mythili T.
Segmentation is the significant key stage in image analysis towards partitioning an image into different regions which have homogeneous features such as color, shape, and texture which is very important in classifying different region shapes in an image. In general, images are considered fuzzy due to the uncertainty present in terms of vagueness. The regions contain imprecise gray levels and uncertain data values which makes the task of defining the membership function difficult due to lack of precise knowledge. The intuitionistic fuzzy rule-based shape classification approach is used to classify the different shapes, such as circular, polygon, sharp, and irregular of the aspired foreign body on pediatric radiography images. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in contrast to conventional fuzzy rule base algorithm.
{"title":"Foreign Body Shape Classification Using Intuitionistic Fuzzy Rule Based Approach on Pediatric Radiography Images","authors":"Vasumathy M., Mythili T.","doi":"10.4018/978-1-6684-5360-5.ch007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5360-5.ch007","url":null,"abstract":"Segmentation is the significant key stage in image analysis towards partitioning an image into different regions which have homogeneous features such as color, shape, and texture which is very important in classifying different region shapes in an image. In general, images are considered fuzzy due to the uncertainty present in terms of vagueness. The regions contain imprecise gray levels and uncertain data values which makes the task of defining the membership function difficult due to lack of precise knowledge. The intuitionistic fuzzy rule-based shape classification approach is used to classify the different shapes, such as circular, polygon, sharp, and irregular of the aspired foreign body on pediatric radiography images. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in contrast to conventional fuzzy rule base algorithm.","PeriodicalId":340073,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132434744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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