{"title":"Discrete Fiber Optic Sensing Techniques for Structural Health Monitoring of Bridges","authors":"F. Ansari","doi":"10.14359/51686283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/51686283","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":340396,"journal":{"name":"SP-292: Structural Health Monitoring Technologies","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134513016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An important challenge for widespread application of structural health monitoring (SHM) in civil engineering is the creation and implementation of algorithms for automatic and reliable detection of unusual structural behavior. Branko, the lead role and the second author of this paper has been in charge of data analysis of a 19storey tall building. Observation of the data from the instrumentation has over the years, convinced Branko that there is an ongoing differential settlement of one of the base columns, in apparent contrast with his initial expectations. This conclusion matured gradually not only as a consequence of the monitoring results, but also based on verbal information received from a design engineer. Thus, besides the quantitative data provided by the monitoring system, including in the data analysis algorithms the engineer’s knowledge and experience has also been of value. In this study we propose an approach based on Bayesian logic as an effective tool to allow such a blend of field knowledge and SHM results. We show how the whole cognitive process followed by Branko can be suitably reproduced using Bayesian logic. In particular, we discuss to what extent the prior knowledge and potential evidence from inspection, can alter a perception of building behavior based on SHM data alone.
{"title":"\"Concrete Building, Monitoring Data and Bayesian Epistemology\"","authors":"M. Pozzi, B. Glisic, D. Zonta, D. Inaudi","doi":"10.14359/51686290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/51686290","url":null,"abstract":"An important challenge for widespread application of structural health monitoring (SHM) in civil engineering is the creation and implementation of algorithms for automatic and reliable detection of unusual structural behavior. Branko, the lead role and the second author of this paper has been in charge of data analysis of a 19storey tall building. Observation of the data from the instrumentation has over the years, convinced Branko that there is an ongoing differential settlement of one of the base columns, in apparent contrast with his initial expectations. This conclusion matured gradually not only as a consequence of the monitoring results, but also based on verbal information received from a design engineer. Thus, besides the quantitative data provided by the monitoring system, including in the data analysis algorithms the engineer’s knowledge and experience has also been of value. In this study we propose an approach based on Bayesian logic as an effective tool to allow such a blend of field knowledge and SHM results. We show how the whole cognitive process followed by Branko can be suitably reproduced using Bayesian logic. In particular, we discuss to what extent the prior knowledge and potential evidence from inspection, can alter a perception of building behavior based on SHM data alone.","PeriodicalId":340396,"journal":{"name":"SP-292: Structural Health Monitoring Technologies","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129322469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The determination/estimation of the DESIGN LIFE OF THE INVESTIGATED structures The determination/estimation of the RESIDUAL LIFE OF THE INVESTIGATED structures Assessment criteria whether the REAL DEGRADATION PROCESS corresponds with the assumed and applied life cycle model in order to take corrective measures in cases of accelerated ageing MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS to guarantee the original design life and operability
{"title":"Life Cycle Analysis Addressing Maintenance and Repair Options and Its Affections on Remaining Lifetime","authors":"H. Wenzel, R. Veit-Egerer, Monika Widmann","doi":"10.14359/51686291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/51686291","url":null,"abstract":" The determination/estimation of the DESIGN LIFE OF THE INVESTIGATED structures The determination/estimation of the RESIDUAL LIFE OF THE INVESTIGATED structures Assessment criteria whether the REAL DEGRADATION PROCESS corresponds with the assumed and applied life cycle model in order to take corrective measures in cases of accelerated ageing MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS to guarantee the original design life and operability","PeriodicalId":340396,"journal":{"name":"SP-292: Structural Health Monitoring Technologies","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127445814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Needs for structural health monitoring in the last decades were rapidly increasing, and these needs stimulated developments of various sensing technologies. Distributed optical fiber sensing technologies have reached market maturity and opened new possibilities in structural health monitoring. Distributed strain sensor (sensing cable) is sensitive at each point of its length to strain changes and cracks. Such a sensor practically monitors one-dimensional strain field and can be installed over all the entire length of the monitored structural members, and therefore provides for integrity monitoring, i.e. for direct detection and characterization of local strain changes generated by damage (including recognition, localization, and quantification or rating). The aim of this paper is to help researchers and practitioners to get familiar with distributed sensing technologies, to understand the meaning of the distributed measurement, and to learn on best performances and limitations of these technologies. Hence, this paper briefly present light scattering as the main physical principles behind technologies, explains the spatial resolution as the important feature for interpretation of measurements, compares performances of various distributed technologies found in the market, and introduces the concept of integrity monitoring applicable to various concrete structures. Two illustrative examples are presented, including applications to pipeline and bridge.
{"title":"Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing Technologies and Applications – An Overview","authors":"B. Glisic","doi":"10.14359/51686284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/51686284","url":null,"abstract":"Needs for structural health monitoring in the last decades were rapidly increasing, and these needs stimulated developments of various sensing technologies. Distributed optical fiber sensing technologies have reached market maturity and opened new possibilities in structural health monitoring. Distributed strain sensor (sensing cable) is sensitive at each point of its length to strain changes and cracks. Such a sensor practically monitors one-dimensional strain field and can be installed over all the entire length of the monitored structural members, and therefore provides for integrity monitoring, i.e. for direct detection and characterization of local strain changes generated by damage (including recognition, localization, and quantification or rating). The aim of this paper is to help researchers and practitioners to get familiar with distributed sensing technologies, to understand the meaning of the distributed measurement, and to learn on best performances and limitations of these technologies. Hence, this paper briefly present light scattering as the main physical principles behind technologies, explains the spatial resolution as the important feature for interpretation of measurements, compares performances of various distributed technologies found in the market, and introduces the concept of integrity monitoring applicable to various concrete structures. Two illustrative examples are presented, including applications to pipeline and bridge.","PeriodicalId":340396,"journal":{"name":"SP-292: Structural Health Monitoring Technologies","volume":"13 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120896042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Overview of Monitoring Applications from the Iowa DOT Point of View","authors":"B. Phares, Ahmad Abu-Hawash, Ping Lu, T. Wipf","doi":"10.14359/51686292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/51686292","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":340396,"journal":{"name":"SP-292: Structural Health Monitoring Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132313348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structural Health Monitoring with an Active Data Management System for Secondary Road Bridges","authors":"Yoon-Si Lee, B. Phares, T. Wipf, F. Malhas","doi":"10.14359/51686288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/51686288","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":340396,"journal":{"name":"SP-292: Structural Health Monitoring Technologies","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125898294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects on Impact-Echo Signals Caused by Adjacent Steel Reinforcing Bars and Defects in Lap-Splice Regions: Experimental Study","authors":"A. Pagnotta, D. Trejo, P. Gardoni, Qindan Huang","doi":"10.14359/51686289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/51686289","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":340396,"journal":{"name":"SP-292: Structural Health Monitoring Technologies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123715387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Synopsis: The protection and health monitoring of deteriorating concrete infrastructure requires a new generation of self-sensing structural materials that possess intrinsic damage tolerance but offer self-sensing capabilities that are tailored to diagnose states of cracking. Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) doped with carbon black (CB) nano-particles are proposed as highly damage-tolerant materials whose electrical properties can be correlated to strain and cracking. This study investigated the effect of CB dosage on the CB-ECC rheological, mechanical and electrical properties. By incorporating CB nano-particles into the ECC system while simultaneously controlling the rheological properties of the fresh mix, the fully cured CB-ECC elements achieved close-to-uniform PVA fiber and carbon black dispersion, reduced bulk resistivity by an order of magnitude, strain hardening behavior with tensile strain capacity of 0.26 to 1.38%, and reduced crack widths of 30 to 40 m during tensile loading. Furthermore, all of the CB-ECC specimens exhibited prominent piezoresistive behavior with resistivity increasing in tandem with applied tensile strain, thereby indicating the potential of CB-ECC for strain and damage sensing.
{"title":"Carbon Black Engineered Cementitious Composites - Mechanical and Electrical Characterization","authors":"Mo Li, V. Lin, J. Lynch, V. Li","doi":"10.14359/51686287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/51686287","url":null,"abstract":"Synopsis: The protection and health monitoring of deteriorating concrete infrastructure requires a new generation of self-sensing structural materials that possess intrinsic damage tolerance but offer self-sensing capabilities that are tailored to diagnose states of cracking. Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) doped with carbon black (CB) nano-particles are proposed as highly damage-tolerant materials whose electrical properties can be correlated to strain and cracking. This study investigated the effect of CB dosage on the CB-ECC rheological, mechanical and electrical properties. By incorporating CB nano-particles into the ECC system while simultaneously controlling the rheological properties of the fresh mix, the fully cured CB-ECC elements achieved close-to-uniform PVA fiber and carbon black dispersion, reduced bulk resistivity by an order of magnitude, strain hardening behavior with tensile strain capacity of 0.26 to 1.38%, and reduced crack widths of 30 to 40 m during tensile loading. Furthermore, all of the CB-ECC specimens exhibited prominent piezoresistive behavior with resistivity increasing in tandem with applied tensile strain, thereby indicating the potential of CB-ECC for strain and damage sensing.","PeriodicalId":340396,"journal":{"name":"SP-292: Structural Health Monitoring Technologies","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121059823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy and Conductive Surface Films to Detect Cracking and Damage in Cement Based Materials","authors":"M. Pour-Ghaz, Mark D. Niemuth, J. Weiss","doi":"10.14359/51686285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/51686285","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":340396,"journal":{"name":"SP-292: Structural Health Monitoring Technologies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121970757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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