Objectives: Studies on the addictive nature of online social networking activities are emerging, as the usage of online social networking platforms has become increasingly popular. This study aimed to investigate the effects of demographic (age and gender), psychosocial (self-efficacy, social support and life stress), and affective (anxiety) factors on Online Social Networking (OSN) addiction among college students in China and the United States. Method: A convenience sample of 2160 college students (1026 males, 1133 females) aged between 18-25 years old were recruited from China (N = 1035) and the United States (N=1125). These students completed questionnaires on life stress, anxiety, self-efficacy, social support and online social networking activities. Results: Results showed that 24.5% of the college students in China and 12.1% in the United States were addicted to online social networking. For both countries, OSN addicts reported more life stress and higher anxiety than non-addicts. Only US addicts reported lower self-efficacy and less social support than non-addicts in US. Multivariate analyses also showed that OSN addiction was related to female gender, low self-efficacy, life stress and anxiety among college students in the United States. For college students in China, OSN addiction was associated with life stress and anxiety only. Conclusions: The present results indicate that countryspecific health education approaches and interventions regarding OSN addiction are warranted in order to maximize the efficiency of strategies.
{"title":"Influences of life stress, anxiety, self-efficacy and social support on social networking addiction among college students in China and the United States","authors":"Yw Koh, C. Tang, YQ Gan","doi":"10.33582/2637-4528/1009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33582/2637-4528/1009","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Studies on the addictive nature of online social networking activities are emerging, as the usage of online social networking platforms has become increasingly popular. This study aimed to investigate the effects of demographic (age and gender), psychosocial (self-efficacy, social support and life stress), and affective (anxiety) factors on Online Social Networking (OSN) addiction among college students in China and the United States. Method: A convenience sample of 2160 college students (1026 males, 1133 females) aged between 18-25 years old were recruited from China (N = 1035) and the United States (N=1125). These students completed questionnaires on life stress, anxiety, self-efficacy, social support and online social networking activities. Results: Results showed that 24.5% of the college students in China and 12.1% in the United States were addicted to online social networking. For both countries, OSN addicts reported more life stress and higher anxiety than non-addicts. Only US addicts reported lower self-efficacy and less social support than non-addicts in US. Multivariate analyses also showed that OSN addiction was related to female gender, low self-efficacy, life stress and anxiety among college students in the United States. For college students in China, OSN addiction was associated with life stress and anxiety only. Conclusions: The present results indicate that countryspecific health education approaches and interventions regarding OSN addiction are warranted in order to maximize the efficiency of strategies.","PeriodicalId":346131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction and Recovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129294886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Problem Gambling (PG) has been linked to several socio-cognitive risk and protective factors; However, knowledge on their impact on problem gamblers in Asia remains. This study compares gambling risk and protective factors between clinical problem gamblers and community individuals in Singapore. Methods: Data on gambling risk and protective factors, and PG severity were collected from 150 clinical problem gamblers and 150 community individuals through paper surveys. Results: Clinical problem gamblers scored significantly higher in PG severity, gambling-related negative thoughts and urge and psychological distress, and scored significantly lower in gambling refusal self-efficacy, hope, resilience and life satisfaction, than community participants. There were also more significant relationships between risk and protective factors among clinical than community participants. Conclusion: Gambling-related protective factors are relevant to clinical problem gamblers in the Singapore context, which could be further leveraged upon to inform and refine existing PG rehabilitation efforts.
{"title":"Gambling risk and protective factors among community and clinical samples in Singapore","authors":"P. Sivagnanam, T. Oei, D. Denise, Lai Wei","doi":"10.33582/2637-4528/1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33582/2637-4528/1008","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Problem Gambling (PG) has been linked to several socio-cognitive risk and protective factors; However, knowledge on their impact on problem gamblers in Asia remains. This study compares gambling risk and protective factors between clinical problem gamblers and community individuals in Singapore. \u0000 \u0000Methods: Data on gambling risk and protective factors, and PG severity were collected from 150 clinical problem gamblers and 150 community individuals through paper surveys. \u0000 \u0000Results: Clinical problem gamblers scored significantly higher in PG severity, gambling-related negative thoughts and urge and psychological distress, and scored significantly lower in gambling refusal self-efficacy, hope, resilience and life satisfaction, than community participants. There were also more significant relationships between risk and protective factors among clinical than community participants. \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: Gambling-related protective factors are relevant to clinical problem gamblers in the Singapore context, which could be further leveraged upon to inform and refine existing PG rehabilitation efforts.","PeriodicalId":346131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction and Recovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123129025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prescription drug abuse represents a national public health concern. This study reports on 12-month outcomes of a drug court treatment program for 102 female offenders addicted to prescription drugs. The program utilized two evidence-based treatment models (i.e., Motivational Enhancement Therapy/Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-12 and Seeking Safety). In addition, participants were required to attend monthly judicial reviews, weekly AA/NA groups, and two random drug screens per week. Participants were interviewed at baseline and 12-month follow-up. Analyses examined self-reported substance use, traumatic experiences, criminal justice involvement, readiness to change, and therapeutic alliance. Participants reported significant decreases in substance use, increased readiness to change, high therapeutic alliance, and significantly fewer arrest charges 12-months after enrollment compared to 12-months before intake. Results suggest that the drug court program was successful in reducing substance use and other ancillary measures for female participants with prescription drug abuse issues. Implications for policy and future research are discussed.
{"title":"WeCan! A 12-month evaluation of a drug court treatment program serving females addicted to prescription drugs","authors":"K. Moore, Scott Young","doi":"10.33582/2637-4528/1007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33582/2637-4528/1007","url":null,"abstract":"Prescription drug abuse represents a national public health concern. This study reports on 12-month outcomes of a drug court treatment program for 102 female offenders addicted to prescription drugs. The program utilized two evidence-based treatment models (i.e., Motivational Enhancement Therapy/Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-12 and Seeking Safety). In addition, participants were required to attend monthly judicial reviews, weekly AA/NA groups, and two random drug screens per week. Participants were interviewed at baseline and 12-month follow-up. Analyses examined self-reported substance use, traumatic experiences, criminal justice involvement, readiness to change, and therapeutic alliance. Participants reported significant decreases in substance use, increased readiness to change, high therapeutic alliance, and significantly fewer arrest charges 12-months after enrollment compared to 12-months before intake. Results suggest that the drug court program was successful in reducing substance use and other ancillary measures for female participants with prescription drug abuse issues. Implications for policy and future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":346131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction and Recovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121809311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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