{"title":"Texts and Intertextuality","authors":"A. Rigney","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvt9k5s9.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvt9k5s9.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347142,"journal":{"name":"Life of Texts","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124730485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Literature and Cultural Memory","authors":"A. Rigney","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvt9k5s9.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvt9k5s9.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347142,"journal":{"name":"Life of Texts","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128046467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Many Dimensions of Literature","authors":"A. Rigney","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvt9k5s9.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvt9k5s9.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347142,"journal":{"name":"Life of Texts","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128930708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Literature and Postcolonial Criticism","authors":"K. B. Wurth","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvt9k5s9.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvt9k5s9.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347142,"journal":{"name":"Life of Texts","volume":"36 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132584261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frank Ramsey called Russell's theory of descriptions a "paradigm of philosophy". Russell first presented the theory in his paper "On Denoting", and for many years the course of the philosophy of language was set by this paper. In 1951, approximately fifty years after the publication of Russell's famous paper, Quine published "Two Dogmas of Empiricism" and the philosophy of language took a radically different turn. Michael Dummett has called Quine's paper "probably the most important philosophical article written in the last half century" ([7] , p. 375). The interest in language that Russell's paper prompted was a somewhat local interest. There were some central or prominent problems of philosophy that philosophers, following Russell's lead or example, sought to solve or dissolve by a careful analysis of some word or phrase or by attention to the logic or grammar of words like 'the' and 'Scott'. The interest in language to which Quine's paper led, on the other hand, was a broader interest. Language, on Quine's view, is a single, articulated structure. The importance or significance of each expression is to be understood in terms of the contribution it makes not merely to the understanding of whole sentences but to the understanding of the entire language. The mastery of language is to be thought of as the mastery of a theory. The theory is tested by the data of linguistic behavior but not in any piecemeal way. Analytical hypotheses, rules of logic or grammar for words or phrases, for adverbs or denoting expressions, do not face the tribunal of evidence individually but only as a corporate body.
弗兰克·拉姆齐称罗素的描述理论为“哲学范式”。罗素在他的论文《论表示》中首次提出了这一理论，多年来，这篇论文奠定了语言哲学的进程。1951年，在罗素的著名论文发表大约50年后，奎因发表了《经验主义的两个教条》(Two Dogmas of Empiricism)，语言哲学出现了一个完全不同的转折。Michael Dummett称奎因的论文“可能是过去半个世纪里最重要的哲学文章”([7]，第375页)。罗素的论文引发的对语言的兴趣，多少是一种地方性的兴趣。哲学家们在罗素的带领或榜样下，试图通过对一些单词或短语的仔细分析，或通过对“the”和“Scott”等词的逻辑或语法的关注，来解决或消解哲学中一些核心或突出的问题。另一方面，奎因的论文引发的对语言的兴趣，是一种更广泛的兴趣。在奎因看来，语言是一个单一的，清晰的结构。每个表达的重要性或意义不仅要根据它对理解整个句子的贡献来理解，还要根据它对理解整个语言的贡献来理解。对语言的掌握可以看作是对理论的掌握。这一理论是由语言行为的数据检验的，但不是以任何零碎的方式。分析性假设、单词或短语、副词或表示表达式的逻辑或语法规则，不单独面对证据法庭，而只能作为一个整体面对。
{"title":"Meaning and Interpretation","authors":"K. B. Wurth","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvt9k5s9.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvt9k5s9.11","url":null,"abstract":"Frank Ramsey called Russell's theory of descriptions a \"paradigm of philosophy\". Russell first presented the theory in his paper \"On Denoting\", and for many years the course of the philosophy of language was set by this paper. In 1951, approximately fifty years after the publication of Russell's famous paper, Quine published \"Two Dogmas of Empiricism\" and the philosophy of language took a radically different turn. Michael Dummett has called Quine's paper \"probably the most important philosophical article written in the last half century\" ([7] , p. 375). The interest in language that Russell's paper prompted was a somewhat local interest. There were some central or prominent problems of philosophy that philosophers, following Russell's lead or example, sought to solve or dissolve by a careful analysis of some word or phrase or by attention to the logic or grammar of words like 'the' and 'Scott'. The interest in language to which Quine's paper led, on the other hand, was a broader interest. Language, on Quine's view, is a single, articulated structure. The importance or significance of each expression is to be understood in terms of the contribution it makes not merely to the understanding of whole sentences but to the understanding of the entire language. The mastery of language is to be thought of as the mastery of a theory. The theory is tested by the data of linguistic behavior but not in any piecemeal way. Analytical hypotheses, rules of logic or grammar for words or phrases, for adverbs or denoting expressions, do not face the tribunal of evidence individually but only as a corporate body.","PeriodicalId":347142,"journal":{"name":"Life of Texts","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132193411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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