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Keeping the Promise of Community: Communal Efforts on the Contemporary Zagreb Non-Institutional Scene 保持社区的承诺:当代萨格勒布非机构场景的共同努力
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.51937/amfiteater-2021-1/52-66
Višnja Rogošić
In their 1979 manifesto, the independent experimental theatre collective Kugla glumište (Zagreb, 1975–1985) claims: “Kugla discovers images, symbols and stories that wish to be the promise of community.” The article explores the repercussions of those neo-avant- garde community efforts on the contemporary Zagreb non-institutional scene by analysing four inclusive performances which differ in motivations, aesthetic aims, production levels and participatory modes. In The Love Case of Fahrija P (2017), the ex-members of Kugla and additional co-authors stage a polylogue with the artistic heritage of the deceased Kugla glumište member Željko Zorica Šiš (1957–2013) and the inclusive procedures they devised during the 1970s. The community project 55+ (2012) by the production platform Montažstroj gathers the participants who are over 55 in workshops, public debates, celebrations, protests and a documentary to provide visibility and voice to that neglected generation. In the trilogy On Community (2010–2011), the production platform Shadow Casters tests different mechanisms of creating temporary aesthetic communities, from learning an a cappella group song to sharing secrets, on its recipients. Finally, the atmospheric inclusion of the subtly associative performance Conversing (2019) by Fourhanded offers an almost elitist opportunity of co-existing in the intimate world of private tensions. However, what they all have in common is a physically non-invasive form, emotional and/or intellectual engagement and an emphasised personal commitment that can oblige audiences to reciprocate while they join the community of experience.
在1979年的宣言中,独立实验剧团Kugla glumište(萨格勒布,1975-1985)声称:“Kugla发现了希望成为社区承诺的图像、符号和故事。”本文通过分析四种不同动机、审美目标、生产水平和参与模式的包容性表演,探讨了这些新前卫社区努力对当代萨格勒布非制度场景的影响。在《Fahrija P的爱情案例》(2017)中,Kugla的前成员和其他共同作者与已故Kugla glumište成员Željko Zorica Šiš(1957-2013)的艺术遗产以及他们在20世纪70年代设计的包容性程序进行了对话。制作平台Montažstroj的社群计划55+(2012)聚集了55岁以上的参与者,透过工作坊、公开辩论、庆祝活动、抗议活动和纪录片,为被忽视的这一代提供能见度和声音。在《社区》三部曲(2010-2011)中,制作平台Shadow Casters在接受者身上测试了不同的创建临时审美社区的机制,从学习无伴奏合唱到分享秘密。最后,由Fourhanded创作的具有微妙联想的表演《Conversing》(2019)在气氛中融入,提供了一个近乎精英主义的机会,让人们在私人紧张的亲密世界中共存。然而,它们都有一个共同点,那就是身体上的非侵入性形式,情感和/或智力上的参与,以及强调的个人承诺,这可以迫使观众在加入体验社区时做出回报。
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引用次数: 0
can you hear me? by Simona Semenič and the question of no-longer-dramatic writing 你能听到我说话吗?西蒙娜·塞梅尼科的作品,以及不再是戏剧作品的问题
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.51937/amfiteater-2021-1/104-120
Gašper Troha
In the article, the author analyses three plays by Simona Semenič that were published in the book can you hear me? (2017). At first sight, the three pieces appear to be written in Semenič’s now-familiar writing style with no punctuation marks or upper-case initials and no apparent division between dialogues and stage directions. Content-wise, however, the three plays differ significantly from the bulk of the playwright’s opus as they represent autobiographical texts which once again establish the character and more or less distinct dramatic action. The article focuses on two questions: Are these still no-longer-dramatic texts? And, what is the status of representation and performativity in them? By analysing the formal and content properties of the three texts, more precisely, through an analysis of the drama character, the relationship between dialogue and monologue and dramatic action, the author shows that indeed these texts establish recognisable dramatic characters and relatively strong dramatic action. In this, they move away from no-longer- dramatic texts as defined by Gerda Poschmann, even though their legacy is still very much present, e.g., in the fragmented writing style.
在这篇文章中,作者分析了西蒙娜·塞梅尼科在《你能听到我吗?》一书中发表的三部戏剧。(2017)。乍一看,这三部作品似乎是用塞门尼斯基现在熟悉的写作风格写成的,没有标点符号或大写字母缩写,也没有明显的对话和舞台指导之间的区分。然而,在内容方面,这三部戏剧与剧作家的大部分作品有很大的不同,因为它们代表了自传体文本,这些文本再次确立了人物和或多或少独特的戏剧动作。本文主要关注两个问题:这些文本是否仍然不再具有戏剧性?再现性和表演性在其中的地位是什么?通过分析这三个文本的形式属性和内容属性,更确切地说,通过分析戏剧角色、对话和独白与戏剧动作之间的关系,作者表明,这些文本确实建立了可识别的戏剧角色和较强的戏剧动作。在这一点上,他们远离了格尔达·波什曼(Gerda Poschmann)所定义的不再具有戏剧性的文本,尽管他们的遗产仍然非常存在,例如,在碎片化的写作风格中。
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引用次数: 1
O skupinskem in snovalnem ustvarjanju v slovenskem gledališču
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.51937/amfiteater-2021-1/68-87
Aldo Milohnić
V prvem delu prispevka avtor analizira pojav režiserja in spremembe njegovega položaja v slovenskem gledališču od druge polovice 19. stoletja do danes. V tem kontekstu ga še posebej zanimajo premene gledališke režije, ki so se zgodile v drugi polovici 20. stoletja s pojavom skupinskega gledališča. Avtor metodološko kombinira zgodovinsko in primerjalno analizo, saj ti procesi potekajo še danes, ko se čedalje pogosteje govori in piše o »snovalnem gledališču« in drugih oblikah gledališkega ustvarjanja, ki se oddaljujejo od konvencionalnega postopka, po katerem dramatik napiše dramsko besedilo kot literarno umetnino, režiser pa jo prevede v gledališko umetnino. V sodobnem slovenskem gledališču je vse več predstav, kjer vnaprej napisano dramsko besedilo ni ključno za končni produkt ustvarjalnega procesa. Najpogosteje uporabljana izraza, ki označujeta to vrsto predstav, sta »po motivih« in »avtorski projekt«. Čeprav izraza nista sinonima in ju ni mogoče enačiti, oba implicirata tako imenovani »snovalni« tip gledališča. Avtor primerja skupinsko s snovalnim načinom ustvarjanja in opozori, da gre za praksi, ki sicer lahko potekata vzporedno, vendar ju ne moremo enačiti. Premislek o razmerju med skupinskim in snovalnim v sodobnem gledališču zgosti v ugotovitvi, da je za skupinsko gledališče konstitutivno specifično razmerje med ustvarjalno skupino in pozicijo režiserja, medtem ko je za snovalno gledališče ključno razmerje med ustvarjalno skupino in pozicijo dramatika. Na koncu se dotakne tudi povezav med postdramskim in postrežijskim gledališčem ter pojava ustvarjalne skupine kot kolektivne subjektivitete.
在论文的第一部分,作者分析了从 19 世纪下半叶至今斯洛文尼亚戏剧中导演的出现及其地位的变化。在此背景下,他对 20 世纪下半叶随着团体戏剧的出现而发生的戏剧导演变革尤为感兴趣。在方法论上,作者将历史分析和比较分析相结合,因为这些过程在今天仍在发生,而关于 "设计戏剧 "和其他戏剧创作形式的讨论和文章也越来越多,这些形式偏离了剧作家将剧本创作为文学艺术作品,而导演将其转化为戏剧艺术作品的传统过程。在当代斯洛文尼亚戏剧中,越来越多的演出中,事先写好的戏剧文本对于创作过程的最终产品并不重要。描述这类表演最常用的术语是 "基于动机 "和 "原创项目"。虽然这两个词不是同义词,也不能等同起来,但它们都意味着所谓的 "设计 "型戏剧。作者将集体创作与想象性创作模式进行了比较,指出这两种创作实践虽然可以并行,但不能等同。作者对当代戏剧中集体创作与构思戏剧之间的关系进行了反思,得出的结论是:对于集体创作戏剧而言,创作团体与导演职位之间的特定关系是构成性的,而对于构思戏剧而言,关键关系在于创作团体与剧作家职位之间。最后,他谈到了后戏剧和后导演戏剧之间的联系,以及创作团体作为一种集体主体性的出现。
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引用次数: 0
On Collective and Devised Creation in Slovenian Theatre 论斯洛文尼亚戏剧的集体创作与设计创作
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.51937/amfiteater-2021-1/84-87
Aldo Milohnić
In the first part of the article, the author analyses the appearance of the director and the changes in his position in Slovenian theatre from the second half of the 19th century to the present day. In this context, he is particularly interested in the changes in theatre directing that took place in the second half of the 20th century with the emergence of collective theatre. The author methodologically combines historical and comparative analysis, as these processes still take place today, when devised theatre and other forms of theatrical creation are increasingly spoken and written about, moving away from the conventional process by which a playwright writes a dramatic text as a literary work of art and the director then transforms it into a theatrical work of art. There are more and more performances in contemporary Slovenian theatre in which a pre-written dramatic text is not crucial for the final product of the creative process. The two most commonly used terms for this type of performance are po motivih (based on the motifs) and avtorski projekt (auteur performance). Although the terms are not synonymous, both terms imply a devised type of theatre. The author compares group creation with the devised way of creating and points out that although these are practices that can take place in parallel, they cannot be equated. The author concludes that for collective theatre, the specific relationship between the creative group and the director’s position is constitutive. In contrast, for devised theatre, the relationship between the creative group and the playwright’s position is crucial. Finally, the author also touches on the connections between postdramatic and post-directors’ theatre and the emergence of the creative group as a collective subjectivity.
在文章的第一部分,作者分析了从19世纪下半叶到现在,这位导演的出现和他在斯洛文尼亚戏剧界地位的变化。在这种背景下,他对20世纪下半叶随着集体戏剧的出现而发生的戏剧导演的变化特别感兴趣。作者在方法论上结合了历史分析和比较分析,因为这些过程今天仍然在进行,当设计戏剧和其他形式的戏剧创作越来越多地被口头和书面描述时,摆脱了传统的过程,即剧作家将戏剧文本作为文学艺术作品创作,然后导演将其转化为戏剧艺术作品。在当代斯洛文尼亚戏剧中,越来越多的表演中,预先写好的戏剧文本对创作过程的最终产品并不重要。这类表演最常用的两个术语是po motivation(基于主题)和avtorski project(导演式表演)。虽然这两个术语不是同义词,但这两个术语都暗示了一种设计好的戏剧类型。作者将群体创造与设计的创造方式进行了比较,并指出虽然这是可以并行进行的实践,但它们不能等同。作者的结论是,对于集体戏剧来说,创作群体与导演位置之间的具体关系是构成性的。相比之下,对于设计戏剧来说,创作团队和剧作家的地位之间的关系至关重要。最后,作者还探讨了后戏剧和后导演戏剧与创作群体作为集体主体性的出现之间的联系。
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引用次数: 1
Prague is Not Czech: Artistic Project as a Public Service 布拉格不是捷克人:作为公共服务的艺术项目
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.51937/amfiteater-2021-1/182-200
Amálie Bulandrová, Anna Chrtková, Andrea Dudková
The presented text focuses on the particular artistic practice employed during the realisation of the project Prague is not Czech, which was established as a collective exhibition within the Prague Quadrennial of Performance Design and Space 2019 (henceforth PQ). The authors of this project, who are gathered within the team Intelektrurálně, decided to carry on with the Prague is not Czech travel agency and to transform it into a systematic socio- artistic research, which uses selected strategies of non-Prague reality as a ready-made and fills them with its own content. Since its very beginning, the project has been based on a concept of radical cooperation. Therefore, a collaborative approach towards creation represents the primary subject that is being reflected within this text (and which is itself a product of the cooperation of several people).Thus, the gist of the presented paper is to introduce initial artistic approaches and fundamental strategies of the project. The following text, therefore, consists of a manifesto written by the initiators of the project and broader theoretical reflection. In the first section, entitled What we do, the authors describe the various forms of the presented project, conditions of its creation and its development. The text is then divided into four parts – according to the project’s essential aspects: Czechness, Participation, Scenography and Experience.
所呈现的文本侧重于布拉格不是捷克项目实现过程中采用的特定艺术实践,该项目是作为2019年布拉格行为设计和空间四年展(以下简称PQ)的集体展览而建立的。这个项目的作者聚集在Intelektrurálně团队中,他们决定继续布拉格不是捷克旅行社,并将其转变为一个系统的社会艺术研究,该研究使用非布拉格现实的选择策略作为现成的,并将其填充为自己的内容。从一开始,这个项目就以彻底合作的概念为基础。因此,一种合作的创作方式代表了这篇文章中反映的主要主题(它本身就是几个人合作的产物)。因此,本文的主旨是介绍该项目的初步艺术方法和基本策略。因此,下面的文本由项目发起人撰写的宣言和更广泛的理论反思组成。在题为“我们做什么”的第一部分中,作者描述了所提出项目的各种形式,其创建和发展的条件。然后,根据项目的基本方面,文本分为四个部分:捷克,参与,场景和经验。
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引用次数: 0
Me slišiš? Simone Semenič in vprašanje ne več dramske pisave
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.51937/amfiteater-2021-1/88-102
Gašper Troha
Razprava se posveča trem dramam Simone Semenič, ki so izšle v knjigi z naslovom Me slišiš? (2017). Na prvi pogled gre za znano avtoričino pisavo brez ločil in velikih začetnic ter brez očitnega deljenja na didaskalije in dialog, vendar se v vsebinskem smislu bistveno razlikuje od preostalega avtoričinega opusa, saj so to avtobiografska besedila, ki ponovno vzpostavljajo dramsko osebo in bolj ali manj razvidno dramsko dejanje. Razprava se osredotoča na vprašanji, ali gre še za ne več dramska besedila in kako je z reprezentacijo in dogodkovnostjo v njih. Z analizo formalnih in vsebinskih lastnosti besedil, natančneje z analizo dramske osebe, razmerja med dialogom in monologom ter dramskega dejanja, razprava pokaže, da ti teksti vzpostavljajo prepoznavne dramske subjekte in dovolj trdno dramsko dejanje. S tem se odmikajo od ne več dramskih tekstov, kot jih definira Gerda Poschmann, čeprav je njihova dediščina še močno prisotna npr. v fragmentarnem načinu pisanja.
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引用次数: 1
The Theatre of Yes: Beauty as the Axis of Change for the Transformation of Communities Through Their Own Stories 剧场的“是”:美作为改变的轴心,通过他们自己的故事来改变社区
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.51937/amfiteater-2021-1/164-181
Marina Pallarès Elias
Tejidos is a community artistic project that aims to develop a community to give voice to the particular stories of those who live in Oaxaca (women and the deaf community) and Mexico City (older adults). The project has been funded by the Arts Council England (2018) and Iberescena (2019). “Theatre of Yes” is a methodology that uses the power of beauty as a language to break the stereotypes of situations that society views with apathy. By creating a provocative and emotional performance, we can transform the lives of people who suffer social exclusion.Yet, how can we create a high-quality performance with people who are not professional actors but have stories that should be shared? How can we use powerful performances as an axis of change? How can emotions be the motor for the struggle against the social oppression that many groups suffer?Artistic work has helped us to observe how creativity pushes people to find a freer self and, above all, to be close to the essence of the human being. The base of the Theatre of YES brings together the universal characteristics, honesty, simplicity, humility and generosity. The characteristics of the methodology developed with these groups are the yes as a weapon against the non-worthy self, beauty as the axis of change, physical theatre according to the Lecoq methodology.
Tejidos是一个社区艺术项目,旨在发展一个社区,为居住在瓦哈卡州(妇女和聋人社区)和墨西哥城(老年人)的人们的特殊故事提供声音。该项目由英格兰艺术委员会(2018年)和Iberescena(2019年)资助。“是的剧场”是一种利用美作为语言的力量来打破社会冷漠看待的刻板印象的方法论。通过创作一场具有煽动性和情感的表演,我们可以改变遭受社会排斥的人们的生活。但是,如果不是专业演员,却有值得分享的故事,如何才能创造出高质量的演出呢?我们如何利用强大的表演作为变革的轴心?情感如何能成为反抗许多群体所遭受的社会压迫的动力呢?艺术作品帮助我们观察创造力如何推动人们找到更自由的自我,最重要的是,接近人类的本质。剧场的基础汇集了普遍的特点,诚实,简单,谦逊和慷慨。与这些群体一起发展的方法论的特点是,“是”作为对抗不值得的自我的武器,“美”作为变化的轴心,根据勒科克方法论,物理戏剧。
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引用次数: 0
Beton Ltd.: A Case Study 百通有限公司:一个案例研究
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.51937/amfiteater-2021-1/150-162
Branko Jordan
The paper focuses on Beton Ltd., a theatre collective comprised of three actors, Primož Bezjak, Branko Jordan and Katarina Stegnar, established in 2010. Beton Ltd. emerged on the Slovenian performing arts scene with a collective approach to theatre-making and is thus a special case as far as non-hierarchical and collective production models in Slovenia are concerned. In the last ten years, Beton Ltd. has created seven performances: So Far Away: Introduction to Ego-logy (2010); I Say What I am Told to Say (2012); Everything We’ve Lost, While We’ve Gone on Living (2013); Revolting Man (2014); Ich kann nicht anders (2016); Große Erwartungen/Great Expectations (2018) and Mahlzeit (2019). Through introspective self-analysis, the paper elaborates on the necessary preconditions for the formation of a collective, as well as the conditions necessary for effective collaboration in performance making, combining a short historical overview of the case in question, including specific collaborative strategies developed by Beton Ltd. during the past decade.
本文的重点是Beton有限公司,一个由三个演员组成的剧团,primomov Bezjak, Branko Jordan和Katarina Stegnar,成立于2010年。Beton有限公司在斯洛文尼亚表演艺术界崭露头角,采用集体方式制作戏剧,因此就斯洛文尼亚的非等级和集体生产模式而言,它是一个特例。在过去的十年中,Beton Ltd.创作了七场演出:So Far Away: Introduction to ego - ology (2010);《我说别人让我说的话》(2012);当我们还活着的时候,我们失去了一切(2013);《叛逆的人》(2014);《我的夜晚》(2016);Große Erwartungen/远大前程(2018)和Mahlzeit(2019)。通过内省的自我分析,本文结合对所讨论的案例的简短历史概述,包括Beton有限公司在过去十年中制定的具体合作策略,阐述了形成集体的必要前提条件,以及在演出制作中有效合作的必要条件。
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引用次数: 0
Youth Theatre and Community Empowerment in Ghana 加纳的青年戏剧和社区赋权
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.51937/amfiteater-2021-1/122-149
Promise Nyatepeh Nyatuame, Akosua Abdallah
As contemporary theatre and new production models are now being evaluated with more regard to community empowerment, the importance of proper tools for evaluation of the process has increased. The article explored the community youth theatre practices of the Community Youth Cultural Centre (CYCC) of the National Commission on Culture (NCC) in Ghana. We examined the role of the youth theatre at CYCC in the light of community empowerment. Using the qualitative case study design, six artists with a minimum of five years and a maximum of thirty years of work experience with the CYCC were interviewed. Performance activities and documents of the CYCC were also observed and analysed. The findings revealed four themes: Objectives of the centre; Youth theatre practices; Abibigoro/puppetry theatre models; and non-formal and cultural education. It was found that staff and artists at the CYCC employed diverse theatrical modes to facilitate community empowerment processes. The study recommends that cultural and creative centres in Ghana should harness the potentials of the community youth theatre, develop community-specific and context-driven performance models to support artistic- aesthetic-cultural and non-formal education processes to enhance our collective strive for community empowerment in Ghana.
由于目前对当代戏剧和新的制作模式的评价更多地考虑到赋予社区权力,因此对这一进程进行评价的适当工具的重要性有所增加。本文探讨了加纳国家文化委员会(NCC)社区青年文化中心(CYCC)的社区青年戏剧实践。我们从社区赋权的角度审视青年剧院在青环会的角色。使用定性案例研究设计,采访了六位在CYCC工作至少五年至最多三十年的艺术家。观察和分析了中青会的业绩活动和文件。调查结果揭示了四个主题:中心的目标;青年戏剧实践;阿比格罗/木偶戏模特;以及非正规教育和文化教育。研究发现,青年文化中心的工作人员和艺术家采用不同的戏剧模式来促进社区赋权进程。该研究建议,加纳的文化和创意中心应利用社区青年剧院的潜力,开发针对社区和情境驱动的表演模式,以支持艺术-美学-文化和非正规教育过程,以加强我们在加纳社区赋权的集体努力。
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引用次数: 0
Collectives, Communities and Non-Hierarchical Modes of Creation from the 1970s till the 1990s 20世纪70年代至90年代的集体、社区与非等级创作模式
Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.51937/amfiteater-2021-1/18-51
Tomaž Toporišič
Within the twenty-year period that coincides with the first twenty years of the Glej Theatre, the essay concentrates on the formation and transformations of non-hierarchical theatre communities, or, in the words of one of its founders, Dušan Jovanović, theatrical tribes. Using historical and present-day examples, the author will try to map the specific devised theatrical procedures producing what Badiou names “a generic vacillation”: “Theatre turns every representation, every actor’s gesture, into a generic vacillation so as to put differences to the test without any supporting base. The spectator must decide whether to expose himself to this void, whether to share in the infinite procedure. He is summoned, not to experience pleasure (which arrives perhaps ‘on top of everything’, as Aristotle says) but to think” (Rhapsody, 124).The essay strives to answer the following questions: How did the Slovenian experimental and non-institutional performing arts scene (as a reaction to the hierarchical structure of repertory theatres) create different non-hierarchical modes in relation to creating the performances, the theatre’s artistic direction and forming temporary communities with emancipated audiences? To which models did this scene turn – then and today – to develop its own logic of devised and collaborative theatrical tactics? And lately: To what extent have those different artistic collaborative tribes changed the theatrical landscape in Slovenia, Yugoslavia and elsewhere?
在与Glej剧院的头二十年相一致的二十年期间,本文集中于非等级戏剧社区的形成和转变,或者,用其创始人之一Dušan jovanovigi的话来说,戏剧部落。作者将利用历史和现代的例子,试图描绘出产生巴迪欧所称的“一种一般性的摇摆”的具体设计的戏剧程序:“戏剧将每一种表现、每一个演员的手势都变成一种一般性的摇摆,以便在没有任何支持基础的情况下检验差异。”观众必须决定是否将自己暴露在这种空虚中,是否分享无限的过程。他被召唤,不是去体验快乐(正如亚里士多德所说,快乐可能‘凌驾于一切之上’),而是去思考”(狂想曲,124)。本文力求回答以下问题:斯洛文尼亚的实验和非机构表演艺术场景(作为对保留剧目的等级结构的反应)如何在创作表演、剧院的艺术方向和与解放的观众组成临时社区方面创造不同的非等级模式?这个场景——当时和今天——转向了哪些模型来发展自己的设计和协作戏剧策略的逻辑?最近:这些不同的艺术合作部落在多大程度上改变了斯洛文尼亚、南斯拉夫和其他地方的戏剧景观?
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引用次数: 0
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