Using Plutchik’s wheel of emotions framework, we identify the emotional content of 133,487 social media posts and the audience’s emotional engagement expressed in 2,824,162 comments on those posts. We measure nine emotions (anger, anticipation, anxiety, disgust, joy, fear, sadness, surprise, trust) and two sentiments (positive and negative) using two extraction resources (EmoLex, LIWC) for eight major news outlets across four social media platforms (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube) during eight months. We then apply two approaches (Logistic Regression, Long Short-Term Memory) to predict emotional audience reactions before and after publishing the posts. Findings show significant differences for positive emotions but not for negative in the comments among the platforms. F1-scores for predicting emotional audience engagement are more than 70% for some emotions for some news outlets. Implications are that news outlets have leverage in steering emotional engagement for posts on social media platforms. The findings have theoretical and practical implications for understanding the complex emotional and informational interplay among social media content, platforms, and audiences.
{"title":"Measuring 9 Emotions of News Posts from 8 News Organizations across 4 Social Media Platforms for 8 Months","authors":"K. K. Aldous, Jisun An, B. Jansen","doi":"10.1145/3516491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3516491","url":null,"abstract":"Using Plutchik’s wheel of emotions framework, we identify the emotional content of 133,487 social media posts and the audience’s emotional engagement expressed in 2,824,162 comments on those posts. We measure nine emotions (anger, anticipation, anxiety, disgust, joy, fear, sadness, surprise, trust) and two sentiments (positive and negative) using two extraction resources (EmoLex, LIWC) for eight major news outlets across four social media platforms (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube) during eight months. We then apply two approaches (Logistic Regression, Long Short-Term Memory) to predict emotional audience reactions before and after publishing the posts. Findings show significant differences for positive emotions but not for negative in the comments among the platforms. F1-scores for predicting emotional audience engagement are more than 70% for some emotions for some news outlets. Implications are that news outlets have leverage in steering emotional engagement for posts on social media platforms. The findings have theoretical and practical implications for understanding the complex emotional and informational interplay among social media content, platforms, and audiences.","PeriodicalId":350634,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Social Computing (TSC)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115306401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
News commenting is a prevalent form of online interaction, but it is fraught with issues, such as a low quality of discussion that often takes place. While various moderation methods can be used to maintain online discussion quality, one moderation strategy that is underexplored is for professional moderators to mark high-quality posts that are further highlighted in the interface. In this work, we look at the impact of New York Times (NYT) Picks. We present an analysis of more than 13 million NYT comments, examining the quality and frequency of commenting on the site in response to NYT Picks. The findings offer evidence that NYT Picks are associated with an increase in the quality of first-time receivers’ next approved comment, as well as the commenting frequency during commenters’ early tenure on the site. The quality boost associated with receiving a Pick attenuates after subsequent picks and diminishes over time as the user continues commenting but is still higher than commenters who do not receive Picks. Visible comment quality has a relatively small but significant positive correlation with the quality of the next comment, and exposure to Pick badges is also positively correlated with subsequent higher-quality approved comments, albeit to a lesser extent. Our results underscore the potential for news organizations to adopt the moderation strategy of highlighting professionally selected high-quality comments to improve overall community quality. We discuss the implications of our findings and offer design opportunities for comment sections that could further enhance quality in online discourse.
{"title":"Highlighting High-quality Content as a Moderation Strategy: The Role of New York Times Picks in Comment Quality and Engagement","authors":"Yixue Wang, N. Diakopoulos","doi":"10.1145/3484245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3484245","url":null,"abstract":"News commenting is a prevalent form of online interaction, but it is fraught with issues, such as a low quality of discussion that often takes place. While various moderation methods can be used to maintain online discussion quality, one moderation strategy that is underexplored is for professional moderators to mark high-quality posts that are further highlighted in the interface. In this work, we look at the impact of New York Times (NYT) Picks. We present an analysis of more than 13 million NYT comments, examining the quality and frequency of commenting on the site in response to NYT Picks. The findings offer evidence that NYT Picks are associated with an increase in the quality of first-time receivers’ next approved comment, as well as the commenting frequency during commenters’ early tenure on the site. The quality boost associated with receiving a Pick attenuates after subsequent picks and diminishes over time as the user continues commenting but is still higher than commenters who do not receive Picks. Visible comment quality has a relatively small but significant positive correlation with the quality of the next comment, and exposure to Pick badges is also positively correlated with subsequent higher-quality approved comments, albeit to a lesser extent. Our results underscore the potential for news organizations to adopt the moderation strategy of highlighting professionally selected high-quality comments to improve overall community quality. We discuss the implications of our findings and offer design opportunities for comment sections that could further enhance quality in online discourse.","PeriodicalId":350634,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Social Computing (TSC)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122388874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabio Calefato, G. Iaffaldano, Leonardo Trisolini, F. Lanubile
The success of online creative communities depends on the will of participants to create and derive content in a collaborative environment. Despite their growing popularity, the factors that lead to remixing existing content in online creative communities are not entirely understood. In this article, we focus on overdubbing, a dyadic collaboration in which one author mixes one new track with an audio recording previously uploaded by another. We study musicians who collaborate regularly, frequently overdubbing each other's songs. Building on frequent pattern–mining techniques, we develop an approach to seek instances of such recurring collaborations in the Songtree community. We identify 43 instances involving two or three members with a similar reputation in the community. Our findings highlight common and different remix factors in occasional and recurring collaborations. Specifically, fresh and less mature songs are generally overdubbed more. Exchanging messages and invitations to collaborate are significant factors only for songs generated through recurring collaborations, whereas author reputation (ranking) and applying metadata tags to songs have a positive effect only in occasional collaborations.
{"title":"An In-Depth Analysis of Occasional and Recurring Collaborations in Online Music Co-creation","authors":"Fabio Calefato, G. Iaffaldano, Leonardo Trisolini, F. Lanubile","doi":"10.1145/3493800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3493800","url":null,"abstract":"The success of online creative communities depends on the will of participants to create and derive content in a collaborative environment. Despite their growing popularity, the factors that lead to remixing existing content in online creative communities are not entirely understood. In this article, we focus on overdubbing, a dyadic collaboration in which one author mixes one new track with an audio recording previously uploaded by another. We study musicians who collaborate regularly, frequently overdubbing each other's songs. Building on frequent pattern–mining techniques, we develop an approach to seek instances of such recurring collaborations in the Songtree community. We identify 43 instances involving two or three members with a similar reputation in the community. Our findings highlight common and different remix factors in occasional and recurring collaborations. Specifically, fresh and less mature songs are generally overdubbed more. Exchanging messages and invitations to collaborate are significant factors only for songs generated through recurring collaborations, whereas author reputation (ranking) and applying metadata tags to songs have a positive effect only in occasional collaborations.","PeriodicalId":350634,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Social Computing (TSC)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125825430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Konstantinos Papangelis, Ioanna Lykourentzou, Vassilis-Javed Khan, A. Chamberlain, Ting Cao, Michael Saker, Nicolas Lalone
Studies of identity and location-based social networks (LBSN) have tended to focus on the performative aspects associated with marking one's location. Yet these studies often present this practice as being an a priori aspect of locative media. What is missing from this research is a more granular understanding of how this process develops over time. Accordingly, we focus on the first 6 weeks of 42 users beginning to use an LBSN we designed and named GeoMoments. Through our analysis of our users' activities, we contribute to understanding identity and LBSN in two distinct ways. First, we show how LBSN users develop and perform self-identity over time. Second, we highlight the extent these temporal processes reshape the behaviors of users. Overall, our results illustrate that although a performative use of GeoMoments does evolve, this development does not occur in a vacuum. Rather, it occurs within the dynamic context of everyday life, which is prompted, conditioned, and mediated by the way the affordances of GeoMoments digitally organize and archive past locational traces.
{"title":"Locating Identities in Time: An Examination of the Formation and Impact of Temporality on Presentations of the Self through Location-Based Social Networks","authors":"Konstantinos Papangelis, Ioanna Lykourentzou, Vassilis-Javed Khan, A. Chamberlain, Ting Cao, Michael Saker, Nicolas Lalone","doi":"10.1145/3473043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3473043","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of identity and location-based social networks (LBSN) have tended to focus on the performative aspects associated with marking one's location. Yet these studies often present this practice as being an a priori aspect of locative media. What is missing from this research is a more granular understanding of how this process develops over time. Accordingly, we focus on the first 6 weeks of 42 users beginning to use an LBSN we designed and named GeoMoments. Through our analysis of our users' activities, we contribute to understanding identity and LBSN in two distinct ways. First, we show how LBSN users develop and perform self-identity over time. Second, we highlight the extent these temporal processes reshape the behaviors of users. Overall, our results illustrate that although a performative use of GeoMoments does evolve, this development does not occur in a vacuum. Rather, it occurs within the dynamic context of everyday life, which is prompted, conditioned, and mediated by the way the affordances of GeoMoments digitally organize and archive past locational traces.","PeriodicalId":350634,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Social Computing (TSC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130932767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores how women game live streamers in Southeast Asia make sense of their experiences as performers and gamers on streaming platforms dominated by Western products and performers. We conducted 13 in-depth interviews guided by an interpretive phenomenological approach to understand their experiences. Women streamers strive to develop audience communities and gain acceptance in the larger gaming community, in part by successfully displaying their own gaming capital. However, they face challenges regarding audience connection and maintenance, presenting their own femininity amid stereotypes and misogyny, and the influence of their respective cultures on their success as performers. We discuss directions of study that further explore gaming and streaming as a form of cultural labor in Asia and the world.
{"title":"Community and Capital: Experiences of Women Game Streamers in Southeast Asia","authors":"Katrina Paola B. Alvarez, V. Chen","doi":"10.1145/3481888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481888","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores how women game live streamers in Southeast Asia make sense of their experiences as performers and gamers on streaming platforms dominated by Western products and performers. We conducted 13 in-depth interviews guided by an interpretive phenomenological approach to understand their experiences. Women streamers strive to develop audience communities and gain acceptance in the larger gaming community, in part by successfully displaying their own gaming capital. However, they face challenges regarding audience connection and maintenance, presenting their own femininity amid stereotypes and misogyny, and the influence of their respective cultures on their success as performers. We discuss directions of study that further explore gaming and streaming as a form of cultural labor in Asia and the world.","PeriodicalId":350634,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Social Computing (TSC)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133109529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michelle X. Zhou, Huahai Yang, G. Mark, Mengdie Hu, Jalal Mahumd, Aditya Pal
What makes one trust or distrust a post on Facebook? What makes one willing to take an action on the post, such as sharing it with friends, following its advice, or even making a donation for its cause? We hypothesize that personal factors in addition to the characteristics of a post would be associated with one's trust and willingness to take actions on the post. To test our hypothesis, we have examined the relationships between a wide variety of personal factors and how users perceived the credibility of a post on Facebook and their associated behavior—willingness to act on the post with the acceptance of potential risks. Our results from a study involving 400 participants reveal several new findings. Notably, beyond message properties, we have discovered that personal factors are significantly associated with how users perceived the credibility of Facebook posts. Not only do our findings extend prior work on studying the relationships between information properties and users' trust in Facebook posts, but they also indicate the potential of tailoring intended messages to an audience based on their personal factors for establishing desired trust. Moreover, we have found that a combination of personal factors is associated more with users' willingness to act on a post than their perceptions of credibility alone. This finding deepens the understanding of users' behavior on Facebook beyond learning their subjective perceptions. It also informs how to potentially tailor intended messages to an audience based on the audience's personal factors so that the audience can act on the messages beyond just perceiving the credibility of the messages. We also discuss the implications of our findings for building personalized trust between message authors and readers on Facebook and beyond.
{"title":"Building Personalized Trust: Discovering What Makes One Trust and Act on Facebook Posts","authors":"Michelle X. Zhou, Huahai Yang, G. Mark, Mengdie Hu, Jalal Mahumd, Aditya Pal","doi":"10.1145/3468977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3468977","url":null,"abstract":"What makes one trust or distrust a post on Facebook? What makes one willing to take an action on the post, such as sharing it with friends, following its advice, or even making a donation for its cause? We hypothesize that personal factors in addition to the characteristics of a post would be associated with one's trust and willingness to take actions on the post. To test our hypothesis, we have examined the relationships between a wide variety of personal factors and how users perceived the credibility of a post on Facebook and their associated behavior—willingness to act on the post with the acceptance of potential risks. Our results from a study involving 400 participants reveal several new findings. Notably, beyond message properties, we have discovered that personal factors are significantly associated with how users perceived the credibility of Facebook posts. Not only do our findings extend prior work on studying the relationships between information properties and users' trust in Facebook posts, but they also indicate the potential of tailoring intended messages to an audience based on their personal factors for establishing desired trust. Moreover, we have found that a combination of personal factors is associated more with users' willingness to act on a post than their perceptions of credibility alone. This finding deepens the understanding of users' behavior on Facebook beyond learning their subjective perceptions. It also informs how to potentially tailor intended messages to an audience based on the audience's personal factors so that the audience can act on the messages beyond just perceiving the credibility of the messages. We also discuss the implications of our findings for building personalized trust between message authors and readers on Facebook and beyond.","PeriodicalId":350634,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Social Computing (TSC)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129449719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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