J. Sij, D. Bordovsky, David L. Jones, J. E. Slosser
Ground water resources for irrigated agriculture are becoming increasing limited in semiarid regions of the world. Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) and a no-till conservation tillage system were evaluated over 3 years on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum, L.) production and fiber quality in north Texas. Subsurface drip irrigation significantly increased cotton yields over that from furrow irrigation in 2 of 3 yr. When averaged over 3 yr, the cover crop treatments on 1 and 2 m drip line spacing and a 100% ET replacement yielded numerically more than the companion treatments without a cover crop. Across years, the SDI treatments significantly increased loan values by an average of $ 0.045 k g − 1 over furrow-irrigated cotton. Within SDI, deficit irrigation did not appear to affect cotton yield in proportion to the amount of restricted irrigation. In 2003, a 50% reduction in ET replacement under conventional tillage reduced yield only 22%, indicating that a 100% ET replacement may not be necessary to produce economically acceptable yields. Results from this study provide preliminary evidence that cover crops may actually prove beneficial under SDI systems and could play a role in developing best management practices that incorporate conservation tillage practices.
在世界半干旱地区，用于灌溉农业的地下水资源越来越有限。研究了地下滴灌(SDI)和免耕保护性耕作制度对德克萨斯州北部棉花产量和纤维品质的影响。3年中有2年，地下滴灌比沟灌显著提高了棉花产量。当3年平均时，1米和2米滴灌线间距和100% ET替代的覆盖作物处理的产量高于没有覆盖作物的配套处理。多年来，SDI处理显著增加贷款价值，平均比沟灌棉花增加0.045 k g - 1美元。在SDI范围内，亏缺灌溉对棉花产量的影响与限灌量不成比例。2003年，在传统耕作方式下减少50%的ET替代量只减少了22%的产量，这表明100%的ET替代量可能不需要产生经济上可接受的产量。这项研究的结果提供了初步证据，证明覆盖作物在SDI系统下实际上可能是有益的，并且可以在制定包含保护性耕作实践的最佳管理实践中发挥作用。
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A field study was conducted to investigate the effects of population density and nitrogen rate on yield, growth, and fiber response of ultra narrow row (UNR) cotton. Stand loss occurred at densities greater than 22 plants m − 2 and nitrogen rates greater than 56 kg ha − 1 and stand loss exceeded 20% at harvest. Seed cotton yields were similar across populations and rates of 56, 112, and 168 kg ha − 1 . Nitrogen rates greater than 56 kg ha − 1 resulted in greater vegetative growth based on increased plant height and number of nodes. These results indicate that populations of 22 plants m − 2 and nitrogen rates of 56 kg ha − 1 were sufficient for maximum yields in UNR cotton under our conditions. However, at higher nitrogen rates, boll formation increased at lower nodes with no corresponding change in yield. Higher nitrogen rates may promote earliness and distribute yield across more fruiting sites.
通过田间试验，研究了种群密度和施氮量对超窄行棉产量、生长和纤维响应的影响。当密度大于22株m - 2，施氮量大于56 kg ha - 1时，林分损失超过20%。籽棉产量在56、112和168 kg ha - 1的不同群体和施用量下相似。施氮量大于56 kg ha−1时，植株的营养生长更快，植株高度和节数增加。这些结果表明，在本条件下，22株m - 2的群体和56 kg ha - 1的施氮量足以使UNR棉花获得最大产量。然而，在较高的施氮量下，较低节点的成铃率增加，而产量没有相应的变化。较高的施氮量可以促进早熟，并将产量分配到更多的结实部位。
{"title":"Effects of Population Density and Nitrogen Rate in Ultra Narrow Row Cotton","authors":"W. Molin, Josie A. Hugie","doi":"10.3814/2010/868723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3814/2010/868723","url":null,"abstract":"A field study was conducted to investigate the effects of population density and nitrogen rate on yield, growth, and fiber response of ultra narrow row (UNR) cotton. Stand loss occurred at densities greater than 22 plants m − 2 and nitrogen rates greater than 56 kg ha − 1 and stand loss exceeded 20% at harvest. Seed cotton yields were similar across populations and rates of 56, 112, and 168 kg ha − 1 . Nitrogen rates greater than 56 kg ha − 1 resulted in greater vegetative growth based on increased plant height and number of nodes. These results indicate that populations of 22 plants m − 2 and nitrogen rates of 56 kg ha − 1 were sufficient for maximum yields in UNR cotton under our conditions. However, at higher nitrogen rates, boll formation increased at lower nodes with no corresponding change in yield. Higher nitrogen rates may promote earliness and distribute yield across more fruiting sites.","PeriodicalId":354672,"journal":{"name":"Srx Agriculture","volume":"1993 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128632220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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