Geographical Review of Japan最新文献

英文中文

Seasonal Workers at White Asparagus Farms in Limburg, the Netherlands: Focusing on Recent Trends of Migrating Workers in Agriculture in the EU Context 荷兰林堡白芦笋农场的季节性工人:关注欧盟背景下农业移民工人的最新趋势

Q4 Social Sciences

Geographical Review of Japan

Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.4157/geogrevjapanb.96.25

IKESHOJI Norie

Labour movement from East to West in the EU has been conspicuous since the enlargement of the EU in 2004, as one of the destinations in rural regions that have labour shortage problems. Research on migrating workers in the agricultural sector has accumulated over recent decades. However, there is not enough research about temporary workers in this sector in the region. Thus, this paper focuses on regional integration and issues related to the regional disparity from a case study of an agricultural sector that fulfils labour shortage by employing seasonal workers. Northern Limburg is the most prolific asparagus cultivating area due to the well-drained soil and warmer temperature. However, only a small number of farms engage solely in white asparagus production because it is challenging a temporary and intensive workforce for the short period needed for asparagus harvesting. All farmers that cooperated with interviews in this study employ seasonal workers with a supervisor system. The supervisor system works well for farm owners and seasonal workers with supervisor positions. However, the system has almost no advantage for seasonal workers without a supervisor position. Unless the wage gap between the West and the East disappears, hard work with low wages will probably persistently remain under capitalism. Therefore, researchers have to pay attention to the movement of temporary laborers who suffer the most uncertain working conditions.

自2004年欧盟东扩以来，欧盟内部的劳动力东向西流动尤为明显，成为存在劳动力短缺问题的农村地区的目的地之一。关于农业部门流动工人的研究已经积累了近几十年。然而，该地区对该部门临时工的研究还不够。因此，本文从一个农业部门通过雇用季节性工人来解决劳动力短缺的案例研究中，关注区域一体化和与区域差异相关的问题。由于土壤排水良好，温度较高，林堡北部是芦笋最多产的种植区。然而，只有少数农场专门从事白芦笋生产，因为它对短期内收获芦笋所需的临时和密集劳动力构成挑战。在本研究中，所有配合访谈的农户均聘用季节工，并设有督导制。监事制度对农场主和担任监事职务的季节工很有效。然而，对于没有主管职位的季节工来说，这种制度几乎没有任何优势。除非西方和东方之间的工资差距消失，否则在资本主义制度下，低工资的艰苦工作可能会持续存在。因此，研究人员不得不关注临时工的运动，他们承受着最不确定的工作条件。

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引用次数: 0

KLIEN, Susanne: <i>Urban Migrants in Rural Japan: Between Agency and Anomie in a Post-growth Society</i> 张丽娟:<i>日本农村的城市移民:后增长社会中的代理与失范之间</i>

Q4 Social Sciences

Geographical Review of Japan

Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.4157/geogrevjapanb.96.38

YAMAGISHI Daijiro

引用次数: 0

The Key Role of Producer Organizations and Intermediate Distributors in Thailand’s Mango Distribution System 生产者组织和中间分销商在泰国芒果分销系统中的关键作用

Q4 Social Sciences

Geographical Review of Japan

Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.4157/geogrevjapanb.96.1

ENDO Gen

This study aims to revisit the claim of the “supermarket revolution theory” that modern retail formats leverage commercial standards, such as Good Agricultural Practice (GAP), to govern the production and distribution of fresh produce in developing countries. Using mangoes for export in Thailand as a case study, an empirical analysis was conducted focusing on the actual situation of GAP certification in Thailand and the role of producer organizations in mango distribution. The results revealed that the GAP certification system has not been thoroughly implemented. Even small-scale farmers who are not GAP-certified avoid this problem by organizing, and producer organizations play an important role in intermediate distribution. Conversely, large retailers and exporters also rely on the intermediate distribution function of producer organizations to source mangoes. In other words, Thailand’s mango production and distribution system, rather than being a “preferred-supplier system” led by large retailers, has a complementary relationship between the suppliers and retailers.

本研究旨在重新审视“超市革命理论”的主张，即现代零售业态利用商业标准，如良好农业规范(GAP)，来管理发展中国家新鲜农产品的生产和分销。以泰国出口芒果为例，重点对泰国GAP认证的实际情况以及生产者组织在芒果流通中的作用进行实证分析。结果显示，GAP认证体系没有得到彻底的实施。即使是没有获得gap认证的小农也可以通过组织来避免这个问题，生产者组织在中间分销中发挥重要作用。相反，大型零售商和出口商也依赖生产者组织的中间分销功能来采购芒果。换句话说，泰国的芒果生产和分销体系不是由大型零售商主导的“首选供应商体系”，而是供应商和零售商之间的互补关系。

引用次数: 0

Selective effects of marriage migrations on the population redistribution in a hierarchical regional system of Japan. 日本等级地区制度下婚姻移民对人口再分配的选择效应。

Q4 Social Sciences

Geographical Review of Japan

Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.4157/grj1984b.67.1

H Kawabe, Liaw K-l

"Based on the data on 11,470 household heads and spouses in a national survey [in Japan], this paper studies the selective effects of marriage migrations on five types of prefectures: (1) metropolitan core, (2) suburban, (3) regional growth pole, (4) peripheral non-kaso, and (5) peripheral kaso prefectures. The selective effects are examined in terms of five personal factors: sex, nativity, education, period of marriage, and sibling status.... Primary and onward migrations were much more important than return migrations so that marriage migrations increased the non-native's share of the population of every type of [prefecture]. Marriage migrations resulted in further deterioration of the quality of human capital in peripheral prefectures. The transition from high to moderate economic growth in the early 1970s was accompanied by sharp reversals in the net transfers of marriage migrants in metropolitan cores and regional growth poles in opposite directions." (SUMMARY IN JPN)

“基于日本全国11470户户主和配偶的调查数据，本文研究了婚姻迁移对五种县的选择性影响:(1)大都市核心县，(2)郊区县，(3)区域增长极县，(4)外围非笠县，(5)外围笠县。”选择效应是根据五个个人因素来检验的:性别、出生、教育、结婚时间和兄弟姐妹状况....主要的和向前的迁移比返回的迁移更重要，所以婚姻迁移增加了非本地人口在每种类型的人口中的份额。婚姻迁移导致周边地区人力资本质量进一步恶化。20世纪70年代初，伴随着经济从高速增长到适度增长的转变，在大都市核心和相反方向的区域增长极的婚姻移民净转移急剧逆转。”(摘要为日语)

引用次数: 8

The spatio-temporal dynamics of Japanese birth rates: empirical analyses using the expansion method. 日本人口出生率的时空动态:基于展开方法的实证分析。

Q4 Social Sciences

Geographical Review of Japan

Pub Date : 1992-01-01 DOI: 10.4157/grj1984b.65.15

K Tanaka, E Casetti

"This paper investigates the spatio-temporal dynamics of Japan's birth rates in the post-World War II period. The results of our analyses suggest that the spatial manifestations of the tail end of the demographic transition in Japan have been influenced by cyclical fluctuations, with a boom which produced a reversal of the traditional rural-urban birth rate differentials. Our analyses implement the research philosophy and the techniques of... Expansion Methodology." (SUMMARY IN JPN)

本文研究了二战后日本人口出生率的时空动态。我们的分析结果表明，日本人口转型尾部的空间表现受到周期性波动的影响，经济繁荣逆转了传统的城乡出生率差异。我们的分析贯彻了……的研究理念和技术。扩张的方法。”(摘要为日语)

引用次数: 4

Spatial patterns of exogenous mortality in Kuwait. 科威特外源性死亡率的空间格局。

Q4 Social Sciences

Geographical Review of Japan

Pub Date : 1990-01-01 DOI: 10.4157/grj1984b.63.188

M M Aziz

"Exogenous causes [of death]...represent a serious threat to health in Kuwait, where they accounted for over 40 percent of the total mortality in 1985. This paper is concerned with the spatial distribution of these diseases. It will also help to reflect the influence of various social, economic, and demographic factors on the patterns of distribution. Mortality rates are calculated for 100,000 persons of the country's two communities: Kuwaitis and non-Kuwaitis.... In some parts of the country, and the Capital governorate in particular, nearly half of the deaths were caused by parasitic diseases. Other major causes are tuberculosis and intestinal infections.... Death tolls among Kuwaiti nationals are more than twice those of non-Kuwaitis." (SUMMARY IN JPN)

“外生原因(死亡)……对科威特的健康构成严重威胁，1985年它们占科威特总死亡率的40%以上。本文对这些疾病的空间分布进行了研究。它还将有助于反映各种社会、经济和人口因素对分配格局的影响。死亡率是按该国两个社区:科威特人和非科威特人....的10万人计算的在该国某些地区，特别是首都省，近一半的死亡是由寄生虫病造成的。其他主要原因是肺结核和肠道感染....科威特国民的死亡人数是非科威特人的两倍多。”(摘要为日语)

引用次数: 1

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