Pub Date : 2015-12-25DOI: 10.11943/J.ISSN.1006-9941.2015.12.015
马媛, 郝世龙, 李洪珍, 刘玉存, 杨宗伟
A novel cocrystal explosive composed of benzotrifuroxan (BTF) and 2, 4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) in a 2:1 molar ratio was prepared by an evaporation solvent method, its structure was characterized by the single crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) and the impact sensitivity was studied as well. Results show that the cocrystal explosive belongs to monoclinic system with P21/c space group. The cocrystal displays an H50 of above 112 cm, indicating lower sensitivity compared to pure BTF.
{"title":"Preparation and Performance of BTF-DNAN Cocrystal Explosive","authors":"马媛, 郝世龙, 李洪珍, 刘玉存, 杨宗伟","doi":"10.11943/J.ISSN.1006-9941.2015.12.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11943/J.ISSN.1006-9941.2015.12.015","url":null,"abstract":"A novel cocrystal explosive composed of benzotrifuroxan (BTF) and 2, 4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) in a 2:1 molar ratio was prepared by an evaporation solvent method, its structure was characterized by the single crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) and the impact sensitivity was studied as well. Results show that the cocrystal explosive belongs to monoclinic system with P21/c space group. The cocrystal displays an H50 of above 112 cm, indicating lower sensitivity compared to pure BTF.","PeriodicalId":35753,"journal":{"name":"Hanneng Cailiao/Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83441623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-25DOI: 10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2015.12.018
黄晓川, 王子俊, 郭涛, 刘敏, 邱少君
The title compound, 5-azido-1, 2, 4-triazolyl-5-acetic acid (ATAA), was synthesized for the first time by Sandmeyer-reaction in a mixed system (including sodium nitrite, sulfuric acid and sodium azide) from 5-amino-1, 2, 4-triazolyl-5-acetic acid. Its chemical structure was fully characterized via NMR, IR, MS and elemental analyses. Typical TG and DSC curves indicate the thermal behavior of ATAA includes one dehydrating crystal water stage, one melting stage and one obvious melting decomposition stage. The peak temperatures at each stage are 85.6 ℃, 168.0 ℃ and 177.9 ℃, respectively. In addition, a novel polynitro-azole energetic compound (5-azido-3-trinitromethyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole) was designed and calculated. The standard enthalpy of formation, the calculated density as well as the detonation velocity are 449.62 kJ·mol -1 , 1.91 g·cm -3 and 9096 m·s -1 , respectively.
{"title":"5-叠氮基-1,2,4-三唑-5-乙酸(ATAA)的合成及热性能","authors":"黄晓川, 王子俊, 郭涛, 刘敏, 邱少君","doi":"10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2015.12.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2015.12.018","url":null,"abstract":"The title compound, 5-azido-1, 2, 4-triazolyl-5-acetic acid (ATAA), was synthesized for the first time by Sandmeyer-reaction in a mixed system (including sodium nitrite, sulfuric acid and sodium azide) from 5-amino-1, 2, 4-triazolyl-5-acetic acid. Its chemical structure was fully characterized via NMR, IR, MS and elemental analyses. Typical TG and DSC curves indicate the thermal behavior of ATAA includes one dehydrating crystal water stage, one melting stage and one obvious melting decomposition stage. The peak temperatures at each stage are 85.6 ℃, 168.0 ℃ and 177.9 ℃, respectively. In addition, a novel polynitro-azole energetic compound (5-azido-3-trinitromethyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole) was designed and calculated. The standard enthalpy of formation, the calculated density as well as the detonation velocity are 449.62 kJ·mol -1 , 1.91 g·cm -3 and 9096 m·s -1 , respectively.","PeriodicalId":35753,"journal":{"name":"Hanneng Cailiao/Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79519630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-25DOI: 10.11943/J.ISSN.1006-9941.2015.12.013
宁功韬, 栗苹, 崔玉玲, 李石川, 汤润泽, 周遵宁
To research the dispersion properties and infrared (IR) interference efficiency of graphite flake particulates modified by hydrophobic nano-silica, the flowability of graphite flake particles before and after modification was measured by a powder property tester. The smoke was formed by dispersing the graphite flake particles into the smoke box using air flow dispersion way. The mass concentration and IR spectrum transmission of the smoke were measured. On the basis of stir settlement model, the settling velocity of smoke was calculated. Results show that the Carr′s flowability index of graphite flake particulates modified with hydrophobic nano-silica in mass ratio of 4.0 % is the highest, reaching 61 and at the same time, the settling velocity decreases from 2.288×10 -3 m·s -1 before modification to 1.125×10 -3 m·s -1 after modification. Average IR spectrum transmission of the smoke formed in the wave band range of 3-5 μm and 8-12 μm decreases from 0.3895 % and 0.7288% to 0.072% and 0.176%. The physical modification of hydrophobic nano-SiO 2 on graphite flake surface effectively improves the flowability and dispersion properties and significantly increases the duration of the smoke formed by graphite flake particles and IR interference performance.
{"title":"Flowability and Infrared Interference Properties of Modified Graphite Flake with Hydrophobic Nano-silica","authors":"宁功韬, 栗苹, 崔玉玲, 李石川, 汤润泽, 周遵宁","doi":"10.11943/J.ISSN.1006-9941.2015.12.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11943/J.ISSN.1006-9941.2015.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"To research the dispersion properties and infrared (IR) interference efficiency of graphite flake particulates modified by hydrophobic nano-silica, the flowability of graphite flake particles before and after modification was measured by a powder property tester. The smoke was formed by dispersing the graphite flake particles into the smoke box using air flow dispersion way. The mass concentration and IR spectrum transmission of the smoke were measured. On the basis of stir settlement model, the settling velocity of smoke was calculated. Results show that the Carr′s flowability index of graphite flake particulates modified with hydrophobic nano-silica in mass ratio of 4.0 % is the highest, reaching 61 and at the same time, the settling velocity decreases from 2.288×10 -3 m·s -1 before modification to 1.125×10 -3 m·s -1 after modification. Average IR spectrum transmission of the smoke formed in the wave band range of 3-5 μm and 8-12 μm decreases from 0.3895 % and 0.7288% to 0.072% and 0.176%. The physical modification of hydrophobic nano-SiO 2 on graphite flake surface effectively improves the flowability and dispersion properties and significantly increases the duration of the smoke formed by graphite flake particles and IR interference performance.","PeriodicalId":35753,"journal":{"name":"Hanneng Cailiao/Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78668648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-25DOI: 10.11943/J.ISSN.1006-9941.2015.11.022
黄晓川, 尉涛, 邱少君, 郭涛, 唐望, 葛忠学, 孟子晖, 徐志斌
Based on the two mechanisms of 3, 7-dinitro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetraazabicyclo[3,3,1] nonane (DPT) nitrolysis via HNO3-NH4NO3 or HNO3, the effects of NH4+ in nitrolysis of DPT were studied by experiment and theoretical calculation. The effect of NH4+ on the yield of HMX was studied with adding the ammonium salts including (NH4)2HPO4, (NH4)2SO4 and CH3COONH4 to nitrate solution system. Results show that the above-mentioned ammonium salts can improve the yield of HMX to 41.5%, 37.4% and 20.7%, respectively. Their function is similar to NH4NO3. In different nitric acid-ammonium salt systems, when the molar ratio of NH4+ and DPT is close to 10, the yield of HMX reaches a maximum value of 56.3%, 52.2% and 35.5%, respectively. Results of the nitrolysis of DPT in nitric acid-ammonium salt systems and nitric acid-nitrate system are compared, finding that NH4+ plays a dominant role in improving the yield of HMX. The reaction mechanism of NH4+ in the nitrolysis process of DPT is theoretically explained by the density functional theory (DFT), deriving that the activation energy of DPT nitrolysis in HNO3/NH4+ is 133.95 kJ·mol-1, lower than 376.73 kJ·mol-1 in HNO3.
{"title":"Influence of Ammonium Ion on Nitrolysis of 3,7-Dinitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazabicyclo[3,3,1]nonane(DPT)","authors":"黄晓川, 尉涛, 邱少君, 郭涛, 唐望, 葛忠学, 孟子晖, 徐志斌","doi":"10.11943/J.ISSN.1006-9941.2015.11.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11943/J.ISSN.1006-9941.2015.11.022","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the two mechanisms of 3, 7-dinitro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetraazabicyclo[3,3,1] nonane (DPT) nitrolysis via HNO3-NH4NO3 or HNO3, the effects of NH4+ in nitrolysis of DPT were studied by experiment and theoretical calculation. The effect of NH4+ on the yield of HMX was studied with adding the ammonium salts including (NH4)2HPO4, (NH4)2SO4 and CH3COONH4 to nitrate solution system. Results show that the above-mentioned ammonium salts can improve the yield of HMX to 41.5%, 37.4% and 20.7%, respectively. Their function is similar to NH4NO3. In different nitric acid-ammonium salt systems, when the molar ratio of NH4+ and DPT is close to 10, the yield of HMX reaches a maximum value of 56.3%, 52.2% and 35.5%, respectively. Results of the nitrolysis of DPT in nitric acid-ammonium salt systems and nitric acid-nitrate system are compared, finding that NH4+ plays a dominant role in improving the yield of HMX. The reaction mechanism of NH4+ in the nitrolysis process of DPT is theoretically explained by the density functional theory (DFT), deriving that the activation energy of DPT nitrolysis in HNO3/NH4+ is 133.95 kJ·mol-1, lower than 376.73 kJ·mol-1 in HNO3.","PeriodicalId":35753,"journal":{"name":"Hanneng Cailiao/Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90998992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-25DOI: 10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2015.10.005
毛科铸, 马松, 罗运军
用单轴拉伸测试、红外光谱、溶胀平衡法分析了端羟基环氧乙烷/四氢呋喃无规共聚醚(PET)与多官能度异氰酸酯(N-100)黏合剂胶片的力学性能、物理交联程度、交联网络结构完整性及韧性。结果表明：随着固化参数( R )值的增大，PET/N-100黏合剂胶片的交联密度逐渐增加，交联点间的链段平均分子量逐渐减小，拉伸强度和弹性模量逐渐增大，断裂伸长率逐渐减小。其交联网络完整性与氢键比例成正比，与N-100含量成反比。当 R 值为1.2时，PET/N-100黏合剂胶片的剪切模量校正因子 D 最大，交联网络结构完整性最好，力学性能较佳且韧性也最大。
用单轴拉伸测试、红外光谱、溶胀平衡法分析了端羟基环氧乙烷/四氢呋喃无规共聚醚(PET)与多官能度异氰酸酯(N-100)黏合剂胶片的力学性能、物理交联程度、交联网络结构完整性及韧性。结果表明：随着固化参数( R )值的增大，PET/N-100黏合剂胶片的交联密度逐渐增加，交联点间的链段平均分子量逐渐减小，拉伸强度和弹性模量逐渐增大，断裂伸长率逐渐减小。其交联网络完整性与氢键比例成正比，与N-100含量成反比。当 R 值为1.2时，PET/N-100黏合剂胶片的剪切模量校正因子 D 最大，交联网络结构完整性最好，力学性能较佳且韧性也最大。
{"title":"PET/N-100黏合剂体系的交联网络结构完整性分析","authors":"毛科铸, 马松, 罗运军","doi":"10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2015.10.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2015.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"用单轴拉伸测试、红外光谱、溶胀平衡法分析了端羟基环氧乙烷/四氢呋喃无规共聚醚(PET)与多官能度异氰酸酯(N-100)黏合剂胶片的力学性能、物理交联程度、交联网络结构完整性及韧性。结果表明：随着固化参数( R )值的增大，PET/N-100黏合剂胶片的交联密度逐渐增加，交联点间的链段平均分子量逐渐减小，拉伸强度和弹性模量逐渐增大，断裂伸长率逐渐减小。其交联网络完整性与氢键比例成正比，与N-100含量成反比。当 R 值为1.2时，PET/N-100黏合剂胶片的剪切模量校正因子 D 最大，交联网络结构完整性最好，力学性能较佳且韧性也最大。","PeriodicalId":35753,"journal":{"name":"Hanneng Cailiao/Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80062939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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