Pub Date : 2019-12-06DOI: 10.4324/9780429030376-12
Camille Collard, Bart Defrancq
This paper reports on a study on disfluencies (filled and silent pauses, false starts and lengthenings) in simultaneous interpreting carried out on corpus data drawn from the European Parliament Interpreting Corpus Ghent (EPICG). The aim of this research project is to analyse the influence of the interpreter’s sex alongside sixteen predictors in the production of disfluencies. Simultaneous interpreting is a cognitively demanding task for which interpreters often experience high cognitive load. Studies show that females seem to outperform males on verbal tasks (Herlitz et al. 1997; Loonstra et al. 2001; Maitland et al. 2004; Hirnstein et al. 2014 inter alia) and on memory tasks (Trahan & Quintana 1990; Kimura & Seal 2003 inter alia). Despite these differences and the potential impact the existence or absence of sex differences could have on research and training, few interpreting studies take sex as a control variable (Cecot 2001; Mason 2008; Baes 2012; Defrancq 2013; Magnifico & Defrancq 2016; 2017). This research project therefore attempts to determine whether sex differences have an influence on disfluencies. If women perform better at verbal tasks and need to dedicate less energy to the concurrent cognitive processes involved in simultaneous interpreting, they are less likely to be affected by cognitive load. Since disfluencies are believed to be the consequence of cognitive load, we can assume that female interpreters produce fewer disfluencies than male interpreters. The data sample consists of 180 source texts and 180 interpretations in six language pairs (from and into English, French and Dutch) and is based on a parallel acoustic aligned and time-tagged corpus. Results confirm the hypothesis as they show that male interpreters produce more disfluencies than female interpreters. The analyses also show that most of the predictors included in the study have a significant influence on the production of disfluencies by interpreters.
本文以欧洲议会根特口译语料库(EPICG)的语料库数据为基础，对同声传译中的不流畅现象(填充停顿和沉默停顿、误开始和延长)进行了研究。本研究项目的目的是分析译员的性别和16个预测因素在产生不流畅的影响。同声传译是一项对认知要求很高的任务，译员往往承受着很高的认知负荷。研究表明，女性在言语任务上的表现似乎优于男性(Herlitz et al. 1997;Loonstra et al. 2001;Maitland et al. 2004;Hirnstein et al. 2014)和记忆任务(Trahan & Quintana 1990;Kimura & Seal 2003等)。尽管存在这些差异以及性别差异的存在或不存在可能对研究和培训产生的潜在影响，但很少有解释研究将性别作为控制变量(Cecot 2001;梅森2008;英航2012;Defrancq 2013;Magnifico & Defrancq 2016;2017)。因此，这个研究项目试图确定性别差异是否对不流畅有影响。如果女性在口头任务中表现得更好，并且在同声传译中需要投入更少的精力在并发的认知过程中，她们就不太可能受到认知负荷的影响。由于不流利被认为是认知负荷的结果，我们可以假设女性口译员比男性口译员产生更少的不流利。数据样本包括180个源文本和180个翻译，分为六种语言对(英语、法语和荷兰语)，并基于平行的声学对齐和时间标记语料库。结果证实了这一假设，因为他们表明男性口译员比女性口译员产生更多的不流利。分析还表明，研究中包含的大多数预测因子对口译员的不流畅产生显著影响。
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