Pub Date : 2020-05-09DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.92268
Y. Torres
Ligand with conjugated π systems presents high planar and delocalized electronic density, which allows it to capture the radiations with an energy interval of wavelengths between 400 and 600 nm. The ligands can be linked to inorganic materials favoring the interchange in the system. Lewis acids improve the electronic distribution between donor and acceptor favoring the optical and electronic properties, yielding superior efficiencies. In this chapter, the evolution of the ligands such as Porphyrins, Metal-free organic dyes, and Ruthenium complexes used, and the construction of solar cells is described. In this context, three different small-molecule acceptors-donors are reported; o -PDT, m -PDT and p -PDT, based on phenyldiammine (PD) as spacer, and Thiazole (T) were designed and synthesized. There were estimated electronic, optical and photovoltaic parameters for these molecules. The interaction energies of functional groups for PD and T molecules, with DFT/B3LYP method, gas phase with 6-31g (d, 2p) basis sets, were represented and computed. The best photovoltaic parameters were described for p -PDT with PCE 26.18%, Jsc = 14.79 mAcm 2 and Δ E = 2.66 eV. The metal ion influences the electronic properties and decreases the Δ E GAP. The incorporation of the transition metals into hyperconjugated systems provides rigidity and effects of electronic back donation.
{"title":"Ligands and Coordination Compounds Used as New Photosensitized Materials for the Construction of Solar Cells","authors":"Y. Torres","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.92268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.92268","url":null,"abstract":"Ligand with conjugated π systems presents high planar and delocalized electronic density, which allows it to capture the radiations with an energy interval of wavelengths between 400 and 600 nm. The ligands can be linked to inorganic materials favoring the interchange in the system. Lewis acids improve the electronic distribution between donor and acceptor favoring the optical and electronic properties, yielding superior efficiencies. In this chapter, the evolution of the ligands such as Porphyrins, Metal-free organic dyes, and Ruthenium complexes used, and the construction of solar cells is described. In this context, three different small-molecule acceptors-donors are reported; o -PDT, m -PDT and p -PDT, based on phenyldiammine (PD) as spacer, and Thiazole (T) were designed and synthesized. There were estimated electronic, optical and photovoltaic parameters for these molecules. The interaction energies of functional groups for PD and T molecules, with DFT/B3LYP method, gas phase with 6-31g (d, 2p) basis sets, were represented and computed. The best photovoltaic parameters were described for p -PDT with PCE 26.18%, Jsc = 14.79 mAcm 2 and Δ E = 2.66 eV. The metal ion influences the electronic properties and decreases the Δ E GAP. The incorporation of the transition metals into hyperconjugated systems provides rigidity and effects of electronic back donation.","PeriodicalId":389527,"journal":{"name":"Stability and Applications of Coordination Compounds","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128077570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-05DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90894
S. Muthaiah, A. Bhatia, M. Kannan
The stability of coordination complex is an important factor that decides the stability and reactivity of a metal complex. The stability of metal complex is governed by two different aspects such as thermodynamic and kinetic stabilities. The correlation between stability and reactivity of coordination compounds has been described in this chapter. This chapter also enlists the factors influencing the stability of metal complexes such as the nature of metal ions, ligands, bonding between metal ions and ligands, etc. In addition, the methods available for the determination of stability constants are given in detail.
{"title":"Stability of Metal Complexes","authors":"S. Muthaiah, A. Bhatia, M. Kannan","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.90894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90894","url":null,"abstract":"The stability of coordination complex is an important factor that decides the stability and reactivity of a metal complex. The stability of metal complex is governed by two different aspects such as thermodynamic and kinetic stabilities. The correlation between stability and reactivity of coordination compounds has been described in this chapter. This chapter also enlists the factors influencing the stability of metal complexes such as the nature of metal ions, ligands, bonding between metal ions and ligands, etc. In addition, the methods available for the determination of stability constants are given in detail.","PeriodicalId":389527,"journal":{"name":"Stability and Applications of Coordination Compounds","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129291580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-19DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90171
P. Mandal, U. Das, K. Dey, Saikat Sarkar
The fabulous advancement of a large section of modern coordination chemistry depends upon different kinds of strategically designed and functionally tuned ligand systems; Schiff base ligands play a pivotal role among them. Such Schiff bases become more motivating when they are designed to be synthesized using very simple organic molecules. This paper reviews our work on a family of three functionally different types of Schiff base ligands, derived from diacetylmonoxime, which have been employed to synthesize mononuclear metal complexes with various binding modes of ligands and topologies around the metal centers. Such Schiff base ligands have been synthesized by reacting diacetylmonoxime with diethylenetriamine, 1,3-diaminopropane-2-ol, and morpholine N-thiohydrazide. The synthesized Schiff bases and the metal complexes of such “ privileged ligands ” show many interesting supramolecular coordination architectures involving different weak forces, e.g., H-bonding, C – H (cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1) π interactions, etc.
现代配位化学的很大一部分惊人的进步依赖于不同类型的战略设计和功能调谐配体系统;席夫碱配体在其中起着关键作用。当这种希夫碱被设计成可以用非常简单的有机分子合成时，它们就变得更有动力了。本文综述了从二乙酰一元肟衍生的三种功能不同类型的希夫碱配体家族的研究进展，这些配体已被用于合成具有不同配体结合模式和金属中心周围拓扑结构的单核金属配合物。这种希夫碱配体是由二乙酰一亚胺与二乙基三胺、1,3-二氨基丙烷-2-醇和咪唑啉n -硫酰肼反应合成的。合成的席夫碱和这种“特权配体”的金属配合物显示出许多有趣的涉及不同弱力的超分子配位结构，例如H键，C - H (cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1) (cid:1) π相互作用等。
{"title":"Crystal Structure and Solid-State Properties of Metal Complexes of the Schiff Base Ligands Derived from Diacetylmonoxime: A Brief Review","authors":"P. Mandal, U. Das, K. Dey, Saikat Sarkar","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.90171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90171","url":null,"abstract":"The fabulous advancement of a large section of modern coordination chemistry depends upon different kinds of strategically designed and functionally tuned ligand systems; Schiff base ligands play a pivotal role among them. Such Schiff bases become more motivating when they are designed to be synthesized using very simple organic molecules. This paper reviews our work on a family of three functionally different types of Schiff base ligands, derived from diacetylmonoxime, which have been employed to synthesize mononuclear metal complexes with various binding modes of ligands and topologies around the metal centers. Such Schiff base ligands have been synthesized by reacting diacetylmonoxime with diethylenetriamine, 1,3-diaminopropane-2-ol, and morpholine N-thiohydrazide. The synthesized Schiff bases and the metal complexes of such “ privileged ligands ” show many interesting supramolecular coordination architectures involving different weak forces, e.g., H-bonding, C – H (cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:1) π interactions, etc.","PeriodicalId":389527,"journal":{"name":"Stability and Applications of Coordination Compounds","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129592625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-23DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.88593
A. Asatkar, M. Tripathi, Deepali Asatkar
The salen and related ligands are very popular among the inorganic chemists due to multiple reasons such as ease in synthesis, coordinating ability with very long range of metal ions, facilitating the metal ions to adopt various geometries, ability of stabilising the metal ion in variable oxidation states and potential applications of metallosalen in several fields. The most common application of metallosalen is in the field of catalysis because of their recoverability, reusability, high efficiency, high selectivity and their capability of working as homogeneous as well as heterogeneous catalysts for numerous functional group manipulations including asymmetric synthesis. Molecular magnetism, sensory applications, bioinorganic activities and medicinal applications of metallosalen are also very promising areas of their applications. Porous materials involving metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and supramolecular building blocks are increasingly getting attention of researchers for the gas absorption and heterogeneous catalysis.
{"title":"Salen and Related Ligands","authors":"A. Asatkar, M. Tripathi, Deepali Asatkar","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.88593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88593","url":null,"abstract":"The salen and related ligands are very popular among the inorganic chemists due to multiple reasons such as ease in synthesis, coordinating ability with very long range of metal ions, facilitating the metal ions to adopt various geometries, ability of stabilising the metal ion in variable oxidation states and potential applications of metallosalen in several fields. The most common application of metallosalen is in the field of catalysis because of their recoverability, reusability, high efficiency, high selectivity and their capability of working as homogeneous as well as heterogeneous catalysts for numerous functional group manipulations including asymmetric synthesis. Molecular magnetism, sensory applications, bioinorganic activities and medicinal applications of metallosalen are also very promising areas of their applications. Porous materials involving metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and supramolecular building blocks are increasingly getting attention of researchers for the gas absorption and heterogeneous catalysis.","PeriodicalId":389527,"journal":{"name":"Stability and Applications of Coordination Compounds","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125763624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-23DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.88072
V. Borge, R. Patil
The vanadyl(IV) complexes of substituted chalcones were prepared by reflux-ing vanadyl sulphate with different substituted chalcones in ethanoic medium. The chalcones were prepared with different aromatic aldehydes like benzaldehyde, hydroxy benzaldehyde, nitro benzaldehyde and chloro benzaldehyde. The synthesized Vanadium complexes were characterized by different spectral techniques. The IR spectral studies revealed that the chalcone derivatives are bidentate ligand. Magnetic studies, electron spin resonance and UV studies suggest that the complexes are in square pyramidal geometry. Conductance measurements suggest that all complexes are non-electrolyte in DMF. The thermal study explained the stability of complex and its decomposition. The synthesized ligand and metal complexes were screened for their antibacterial activity against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strains and for antifungal activity against P. notatum . and square pyramidal geometry of the VO(II) complexes which is supported by the electronic spectra. The IR spectra shows bonding of the metal through O-donor atoms of the ligands. In this study VO(II) complexes shows the moderate activity against Escherichia coli , Staph aureus bacteria and against P. notatum fungi.
{"title":"Stability of Vanadium Chalcone Complexes","authors":"V. Borge, R. Patil","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.88072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88072","url":null,"abstract":"The vanadyl(IV) complexes of substituted chalcones were prepared by reflux-ing vanadyl sulphate with different substituted chalcones in ethanoic medium. The chalcones were prepared with different aromatic aldehydes like benzaldehyde, hydroxy benzaldehyde, nitro benzaldehyde and chloro benzaldehyde. The synthesized Vanadium complexes were characterized by different spectral techniques. The IR spectral studies revealed that the chalcone derivatives are bidentate ligand. Magnetic studies, electron spin resonance and UV studies suggest that the complexes are in square pyramidal geometry. Conductance measurements suggest that all complexes are non-electrolyte in DMF. The thermal study explained the stability of complex and its decomposition. The synthesized ligand and metal complexes were screened for their antibacterial activity against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strains and for antifungal activity against P. notatum . and square pyramidal geometry of the VO(II) complexes which is supported by the electronic spectra. The IR spectra shows bonding of the metal through O-donor atoms of the ligands. In this study VO(II) complexes shows the moderate activity against Escherichia coli , Staph aureus bacteria and against P. notatum fungi.","PeriodicalId":389527,"journal":{"name":"Stability and Applications of Coordination Compounds","volume":"2009 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125588814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-25DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.90183
Jagvir Singh, Abhay Nanda Srivastav, N. Singh, Anuradha Singh
In the formation of metal complexes in an aqueous medium, equilibrium constant or stability constant is used to determine the strength of interaction between reagents that make the final product after the formation of bonds. In general stability means that a complex may be stored for a long time under suitable conditions or this compound may be existing under suitable conditions. Regarding how much is the concentration of complexes in solution, stability constant provides this information via calculations. These calculations are very much important in many areas of science like chemistry, biology, and medicine. During the complex formation in aqueous medium, two types of stabilities are considered: one is the thermodynamic stability, and the other is kinetic stability. Stability of metal complexes may be affected by various factors like nature of central metal ion and ligand, chelating effect, etc., and some parameters like distribution coefficients, conductance, refractive index, etc. are useful for the determination of stability constants. Various modern techniques are used to determine the stability constant of simple as well as mixed ligand compounds.
{"title":"Stability Constants of Metal Complexes in Solution","authors":"Jagvir Singh, Abhay Nanda Srivastav, N. Singh, Anuradha Singh","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.90183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.90183","url":null,"abstract":"In the formation of metal complexes in an aqueous medium, equilibrium constant or stability constant is used to determine the strength of interaction between reagents that make the final product after the formation of bonds. In general stability means that a complex may be stored for a long time under suitable conditions or this compound may be existing under suitable conditions. Regarding how much is the concentration of complexes in solution, stability constant provides this information via calculations. These calculations are very much important in many areas of science like chemistry, biology, and medicine. During the complex formation in aqueous medium, two types of stabilities are considered: one is the thermodynamic stability, and the other is kinetic stability. Stability of metal complexes may be affected by various factors like nature of central metal ion and ligand, chelating effect, etc., and some parameters like distribution coefficients, conductance, refractive index, etc. are useful for the determination of stability constants. Various modern techniques are used to determine the stability constant of simple as well as mixed ligand compounds.","PeriodicalId":389527,"journal":{"name":"Stability and Applications of Coordination Compounds","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128574173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-30DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80799
M.K.I. Khan, S. Gul, M. Khan
1998 onwards, a span reporting thousands of research articles describes the ever-increasing applicability of Schiff bases and their metallic complexes; this chapter comprehensively examines the literature of the last 20 years. The structural diversity of these molecules made them available for a very wide range of biological and abiological applications. Schiff bases are excellent chelators and due to this unique property have found their place in qualitative and quantitative determina-tion of metals in aqueous media. The structural diversity of metal chelates proved these to be outstanding catalysts and displayed interesting fluorescence effect. Finally, Schiff base moieties have found a unique position during the in vitro and in vivo experiments for drug development against a huge number of biological enti-ties including bacteria, fungi, cancer cells, viruses, parasites, etc.
{"title":"Schiff Bases and Their Metallic Derivatives: Highly Versatile Molecules with Biological and Abiological Perspective","authors":"M.K.I. Khan, S. Gul, M. Khan","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80799","url":null,"abstract":"1998 onwards, a span reporting thousands of research articles describes the ever-increasing applicability of Schiff bases and their metallic complexes; this chapter comprehensively examines the literature of the last 20 years. The structural diversity of these molecules made them available for a very wide range of biological and abiological applications. Schiff bases are excellent chelators and due to this unique property have found their place in qualitative and quantitative determina-tion of metals in aqueous media. The structural diversity of metal chelates proved these to be outstanding catalysts and displayed interesting fluorescence effect. Finally, Schiff base moieties have found a unique position during the in vitro and in vivo experiments for drug development against a huge number of biological enti-ties including bacteria, fungi, cancer cells, viruses, parasites, etc.","PeriodicalId":389527,"journal":{"name":"Stability and Applications of Coordination Compounds","volume":"139 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128902414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-05DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80796
G. Hernández, Daniela Gutiérrez, Gloria E. Moreno, O. Portillo, René Gutiérrez, E. Brambila
The aim of this review is to provide mainly an outlook of the synthesis and characterization of chiral mono- and α -diimines ligands and their Pd(II) complexes carried out in our group in the last few years. Some other issues with simple chiral imines synthesized in our lab are also outlined. The report includes details about their versatile coordination patterns, biological activity in cancer cell lines, and engaging properties in different fields, such as materials science.
{"title":"Chiral Mono- and α-Diimines and Their Pd(II) Complexes with Anticancer Activity","authors":"G. Hernández, Daniela Gutiérrez, Gloria E. Moreno, O. Portillo, René Gutiérrez, E. Brambila","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80796","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this review is to provide mainly an outlook of the synthesis and characterization of chiral mono- and α -diimines ligands and their Pd(II) complexes carried out in our group in the last few years. Some other issues with simple chiral imines synthesized in our lab are also outlined. The report includes details about their versatile coordination patterns, biological activity in cancer cell lines, and engaging properties in different fields, such as materials science.","PeriodicalId":389527,"journal":{"name":"Stability and Applications of Coordination Compounds","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124068238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：