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Geopolitics: A Very Short Introduction最新文献

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1. What is geopolitics? 1. 什么是地缘政治?
Pub Date : 2019-07-25 DOI: 10.1093/ACTRADE/9780198830764.003.0001
K. Dodds
‘What is geopolitics?’ explains that geopolitics involves three qualities. First, it is concerned with questions of influence and power over space and territory. Second, it uses geographical frames to make sense of world affairs. Third, geopolitics is future-oriented. It offers insights into the likely behaviour of states because their interests are fundamentally unchanging. States need to secure resources, protect their territory including borderlands, and manage their populations. Two fundamental ways of understanding the term geopolitics are offered: classical geopolitics that focuses on the interrelationship between the territorial interests and power of the state and geographical environments, and critical geopolitics, which tends to focus more on the role of discourse and ideology.
什么是地缘政治?他解释说,地缘政治涉及三种特质。首先,它涉及对空间和领土的影响和权力问题。其次,它使用地理框架来理解世界事务。第三,地缘政治是面向未来的。它提供了对各国可能行为的洞察,因为它们的利益从根本上是不变的。各国需要确保资源安全,保护包括边境在内的领土,并管理人口。本文提供了两种理解地缘政治的基本方式:古典地缘政治关注的是领土利益和国家权力与地理环境之间的相互关系;批判地缘政治则更关注话语和意识形态的作用。
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引用次数: 0
4. Popular geopolitics 4. 受欢迎的地缘政治
Pub Date : 2019-07-25 DOI: 10.1093/ACTRADE/9780198830764.003.0004
K. Dodds
‘Popular geopolitics’ considers the interconnection between popular culture and geopolitics. It focuses on the sensorial nature of popular geopolitics—the power and politics of images and sound. Social media in particular reminds us that images and stories can amplify and exaggerate the controversial and emotive qualities of geopolitics. Film and television have been judged to be significant interventions in the making of geopolitical cultures. While established media forms such as newspapers, television, and radio remain highly significant in producing and circulating news worldwide, it is new media forms such as the internet and social media practices, such as blogging and podcasting, which will command increasing attention from those interested in popular geopolitics.
“大众地缘政治”考虑的是大众文化与地缘政治之间的相互联系。它关注的是流行地缘政治的感官本质——图像和声音的力量和政治。社交媒体尤其提醒我们,图像和故事可以放大和夸大地缘政治的争议性和情绪性。电影和电视被认为是对地缘政治文化形成的重要干预。虽然报纸、电视和广播等现有媒体形式在全球范围内生产和传播新闻方面仍然非常重要,但互联网和博客和播客等社交媒体实践等新媒体形式将引起对流行地缘政治感兴趣的人们越来越多的关注。
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引用次数: 0
3. Architectures 3.体系结构
Pub Date : 2019-07-25 DOI: 10.1093/actrade/9780198830764.003.0003
K. Dodds
The term ‘geopolitical architecture’ is used to describe the ways in which states and non-state organizations access, manage, and regulate the intersection of territories and flows, and in so doing establish borders between inside/outside, citizen/alien, and domestic/international. Historically, there has been a series of such geopolitical architectures that rejig the relationship between spaces and flows. In order to understand the shifts and the implications for geopolitical theorizing, ‘Architectures’ considers two fundamental subjects: first, sovereignty and how it informs the activities of the territorial state/border; and second, the geopolitical architecture of the 20th and 21st centuries, which highlights how states in particular attempt to control and regulate spaces judged to be disorderly and ungoverned.
“地缘政治架构”一词用于描述国家和非国家组织访问、管理和规范领土和流动交叉点的方式,并以此建立内部/外部、公民/外国人和国内/国际之间的边界。从历史上看,有一系列这样的地缘政治架构重新调整了空间和流动之间的关系。为了理解地缘政治理论化的变化和影响,“架构”考虑了两个基本主题:第一,主权及其如何通知领土国家/边界的活动;第二,20世纪和21世纪的地缘政治架构,它突出了国家如何试图控制和规范被认为是无序和无治理的空间。
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引用次数: 1
2. Intellectual poison? 2. 知识毒药?
Pub Date : 2019-07-25 DOI: 10.1093/ACTRADE/9780198830764.003.0002
K. Dodds
The notion of geopolitics has not always been well received. It has been accused of being intellectually fraudulent, ideologically suspect, and tainted with associations with Nazism and fascism. ‘Intellectual poison?’ charts a brief history of geopolitics from before World War II to the present day, looking at its origins, development, and reception. It also considers critical geopolitics. Geopolitics has attracted a great deal of academic and popular attention, often with little appreciation of its controversial intellectual history. Presidents and political commentators seem to love using the term: they associate it with danger, threats, space, and power. It is often used to make predictions about the future direction of politics.
地缘政治的概念并不总是受到欢迎。它被指责为智力欺诈,意识形态可疑,与纳粹主义和法西斯主义有关联。“知识毒药?本书简要介绍了从二战前至今的地缘政治历史,考察了地缘政治的起源、发展和接受情况。它还考虑到了关键的地缘政治。地缘政治吸引了学术界和大众的大量关注,但人们往往很少欣赏其有争议的思想史。总统和政治评论员似乎喜欢使用这个词:他们把它与危险、威胁、空间和权力联系在一起。它经常被用来预测未来的政治方向。
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引用次数: 0
5. Identities 5. 身份
Pub Date : 2019-07-25 DOI: 10.1093/actrade/9780198830764.003.0005
K. Dodds
‘Identities’ discusses identity politics, because geopolitics is at its heart about imagining and articulating differences between selves and others. What binds the two together is emotion and affect: the powerful forces of feeling that shape how we feel about others. Emotion and affect can also be manipulated; media reporting can inflame, political leaders can and do distort and exaggerate, and publics may be eager to engage with emotions such as fear, dread, hope, and peace. Identity narratives are not restricted to the level of the nation state, but can and do operate at a variety of geographical scales, from the individual and subnational to the pan-regional and finally to the global.
《身份》讨论了身份政治,因为地缘政治的核心是想象和表达自我与他人之间的差异。将两者联系在一起的是情感和影响:情感的强大力量塑造了我们对他人的感觉。情绪和影响也可以被操纵;媒体报道可以煽动性,政治领导人可以并且确实扭曲和夸大,公众可能渴望参与诸如恐惧、恐惧、希望和和平等情绪。身份叙事并不局限于民族国家的层面,而是可以并且确实在各种地理尺度上运作,从个人和次国家到泛区域,最后到全球。
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引用次数: 0
6. Objects 6. 对象
Pub Date : 2019-07-25 DOI: 10.1093/actrade/9780198830764.003.0006
Klaus Dodds
Geopolitics is often imagined through objects, but it is also exercised with objects. Objects can shape geopolitical relations and illuminate state authority. So, flags can be powerful and hyper-visible expressions of state security, while at other times they are barely noticed in everyday life. Objects play a key role in securitizing, regularizing, and disciplining our lives. Whether we choose to ignore them, play with them, accept them, and/or break them, they help to bring the human and non-human elements of geopolitics into contact with one another. ‘Objects’ considers a range of objects—pipelines, maps, waste, and action toys—and discusses their roles and significance in geopolitics.
地缘政治通常是通过物体来想象的,但它也通过物体来发挥作用。物体可以塑造地缘政治关系,阐明国家权威。因此,国旗可以是国家安全的有力和高度可见的表达,而在其他时候,它们在日常生活中几乎不被注意到。对象在使我们的生活证券化、规范化和规范化方面起着关键作用。无论我们是选择忽视它们、玩弄它们、接受它们,还是打破它们,它们都有助于将地缘政治中的人类和非人类因素相互接触。“物体”考虑了一系列物体——管道、地图、废物和动作玩具——并讨论了它们在地缘政治中的作用和意义。
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引用次数: 0
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Geopolitics: A Very Short Introduction
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