Introduction “Poppers” are recreational drugs that are inhaled to produce euphoria and muscle relaxation [1]. They have been available for several decades, with a side effect profile including hypotension, headache, and tachycardia. Curiously, the first case of popper-related maculopathy was only reported in 2004 [2]since then, this disease has become increasingly diagnosed over the last decade [3]. In fact, recent data has shown that the lifetime usage of poppers is higher than expected with 5-6% of French teenagers 6 and 60% of homosexual males in Australia admitting to having previously used alkyl nitrites [4]. This change in frequency is thought to be for several reasons, including improved detection by newer spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) technologies, recent changes in alkyl nitrite formulation from isobutyl to isopropyl nitrite, and the increased use of recreational drugs among the general population [4-7]. As this entity is becoming increasingly recognised, it is essential for the ophthalmologist to be familiar with this diagnosis as a potential mechanism of acquired vision loss. Herein, we describe a case of “poppers” maculopathy that presented to the emergency ophthalmology clinic at a quaternary hospital center.
{"title":"Acquired Bilateral Central Vision Loss in a Young Adult Due to “Poppers Maculopathy”","authors":"G. Law, G. Ching, G. Docherty, E. Navajas","doi":"10.31546/JJOAR.1004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31546/JJOAR.1004","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction “Poppers” are recreational drugs that are inhaled to produce euphoria and muscle relaxation [1]. They have been available for several decades, with a side effect profile including hypotension, headache, and tachycardia. Curiously, the first case of popper-related maculopathy was only reported in 2004 [2]since then, this disease has become increasingly diagnosed over the last decade [3]. In fact, recent data has shown that the lifetime usage of poppers is higher than expected with 5-6% of French teenagers 6 and 60% of homosexual males in Australia admitting to having previously used alkyl nitrites [4]. This change in frequency is thought to be for several reasons, including improved detection by newer spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) technologies, recent changes in alkyl nitrite formulation from isobutyl to isopropyl nitrite, and the increased use of recreational drugs among the general population [4-7]. As this entity is becoming increasingly recognised, it is essential for the ophthalmologist to be familiar with this diagnosis as a potential mechanism of acquired vision loss. Herein, we describe a case of “poppers” maculopathy that presented to the emergency ophthalmology clinic at a quaternary hospital center.","PeriodicalId":399179,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology and Research","volume":"3 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131676186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Restored Eye Model","authors":"B. V. D. Meer","doi":"10.31546/JJOAR.1001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31546/JJOAR.1001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":399179,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology and Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122356603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Majed Alkharashi, Amjad Alshehri, Omar M. Alabbasi, Rawan N. Althaqib
Introduction Corneal sutures are commonly used in ophthalmic procedures and intraocular surgery including cataract surgery. When the suture become loose and erode through the surface, it might lead to infection. Bacteria can grow both as floating cells in a liquid environment (planktonic growth) and as adherent microcolonies that can evolve to form large biofilms at solid–liquid interfaces (sessile growth) [1]. Biofilm formation requires the adhesion of bacteria to a solid structure, followed by the bacterial production of polysaccharide glycocalyx (slime) that prevents antibiotics from gaining access to the microorganisms and reduces the efficacy of host defenses [1-3]. Biomedical devices (e.g. sutures) are among the solid surfaces that can be colonized by bacteria, with consequences that have been long underestimated, but can often be serious [4]. Complications related to 10-0 nylon sutures, such as abscess, erosions, conjunctival inflammation, tarsal conjunctival ulceration, lid edema, and graft rejection, have been described very well in the context of corneal trans-plantation [5-8]. However, remarkably little is published on infective keratitis secondary to corneal sutures after cataract surgery [5,6,9]. The purpose of this paper is to report a case with unique mechanism of a delayed onset suture related endophthalmitis following cataract surgery due to probable wound dehiscence after vigorous eye rubbing that gave a direct track to the pathogen to access the eye.
{"title":"Corneal Suture Abscess Lead to Wound Dehiscence and Endophthalmitis after Vigorous Eye Rubbing: A Case Report","authors":"Majed Alkharashi, Amjad Alshehri, Omar M. Alabbasi, Rawan N. Althaqib","doi":"10.31546/jjoar.1002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31546/jjoar.1002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Corneal sutures are commonly used in ophthalmic procedures and intraocular surgery including cataract surgery. When the suture become loose and erode through the surface, it might lead to infection. Bacteria can grow both as floating cells in a liquid environment (planktonic growth) and as adherent microcolonies that can evolve to form large biofilms at solid–liquid interfaces (sessile growth) [1]. Biofilm formation requires the adhesion of bacteria to a solid structure, followed by the bacterial production of polysaccharide glycocalyx (slime) that prevents antibiotics from gaining access to the microorganisms and reduces the efficacy of host defenses [1-3]. Biomedical devices (e.g. sutures) are among the solid surfaces that can be colonized by bacteria, with consequences that have been long underestimated, but can often be serious [4]. Complications related to 10-0 nylon sutures, such as abscess, erosions, conjunctival inflammation, tarsal conjunctival ulceration, lid edema, and graft rejection, have been described very well in the context of corneal trans-plantation [5-8]. However, remarkably little is published on infective keratitis secondary to corneal sutures after cataract surgery [5,6,9]. The purpose of this paper is to report a case with unique mechanism of a delayed onset suture related endophthalmitis following cataract surgery due to probable wound dehiscence after vigorous eye rubbing that gave a direct track to the pathogen to access the eye.","PeriodicalId":399179,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology and Research","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122321750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：