Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.56781/ijsrmd.2022.1.1.0025
Alireza Atarodi, Hamidreza Atarodi
The world today is faced with huge achievements in development of technology and this enforce and speed up the process we wish for life. Using technology is a coin with two different sides of positive and may negative that should be cared not to make something worse than it is, then we should be aware of the advantages and disadvantages of the things we use to decrease the possible damages that can be resulted. Smartphone one of the technology era tools can make the best opportunity if it is understood well, mostly by the youth to get the best use of it, however, its properties and capabilities with various functions is beyond the scope of the youth understanding in some parts. The parents, teachers, society and the rulers’ duties should come to view and manage the status with a look toward the future. Neglecting the field, we are talking about something that may result more negative and destructive outcomes for all individual in our planet soon or late, then an effort to manage and or control the problem seems more necessary than ever.
{"title":"The smartphone role in the era of information technology","authors":"Alireza Atarodi, Hamidreza Atarodi","doi":"10.56781/ijsrmd.2022.1.1.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrmd.2022.1.1.0025","url":null,"abstract":"The world today is faced with huge achievements in development of technology and this enforce and speed up the process we wish for life. Using technology is a coin with two different sides of positive and may negative that should be cared not to make something worse than it is, then we should be aware of the advantages and disadvantages of the things we use to decrease the possible damages that can be resulted. Smartphone one of the technology era tools can make the best opportunity if it is understood well, mostly by the youth to get the best use of it, however, its properties and capabilities with various functions is beyond the scope of the youth understanding in some parts. The parents, teachers, society and the rulers’ duties should come to view and manage the status with a look toward the future. Neglecting the field, we are talking about something that may result more negative and destructive outcomes for all individual in our planet soon or late, then an effort to manage and or control the problem seems more necessary than ever.","PeriodicalId":401952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121182297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of wound and associated risk factors in equines in and around Shashemene town, Ethiopia. A total of 338 randomly selected working donkeys were physically examined out of which 199 (59%) were affected by wounds. In this study body condition was significantly associated (p<0.05) with wound prevalence while age and sex of donkeys were not associated as p-value was >0.05. This study also showed as floor and weight load carried by donkey was significant with a p-value 0.033 and 0.000 respectively. The mean weight carried by donkey was 519.08 kg with the maximum and minimum weight was 800 kg and 100 kg respectively. The highest wound distribution was found at back or withers of the donkeys with a prevalence of 24.3% and followed by shoulder, prescapular, chest, forelimb, neck and hind limb with 11.83%, 10.35%, 4.14%, 3.84%, 3.55%, 0.88% prevalence respectively. Variation in a wound type, abrasion, laceration, punctures and incises, was also significant with p-value 0.000 and 35.23%, 17.8%, 5.3% and 0.6% prevalence respectively and most of the wound was a moderate (21.89%) and followed by mild (18.93%) and severe (18.04%). The highest wound prevalence was caused by improper harness design and saddle (45.85%) followed by unknown cause (5.32%)nail piercing (0.3%), overloading and overworking (0.3%) and infectious disease (0.01%) of wound prevalence. Most of the owners take their donkeys to the nearby veterinary service (50.75%) out of 58.9% of prevalence and most of them were give to their donkeys a short term rest. Generally, the study has clearly indicated wound as a prevailing health and welfare problem of working donkeys in and around Shashemene town. Hence, implementing a comprehensive donkey health and welfare improvement program that focus towards the attitude of owners and awareness creation which was not limited by boundary between town and country side should be a priority for concerned stakeholder.
{"title":"A study on wound prevalence and its associated risk factors in donkeys in and around Shashemene town, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia","authors":"Kufa Mustefa, Hamid Gelcha, Furi Beriso, Yonas Gizaw","doi":"10.56781/ijsrmd.2022.1.1.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrmd.2022.1.1.0024","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of wound and associated risk factors in equines in and around Shashemene town, Ethiopia. A total of 338 randomly selected working donkeys were physically examined out of which 199 (59%) were affected by wounds. In this study body condition was significantly associated (p<0.05) with wound prevalence while age and sex of donkeys were not associated as p-value was >0.05. This study also showed as floor and weight load carried by donkey was significant with a p-value 0.033 and 0.000 respectively. The mean weight carried by donkey was 519.08 kg with the maximum and minimum weight was 800 kg and 100 kg respectively. The highest wound distribution was found at back or withers of the donkeys with a prevalence of 24.3% and followed by shoulder, prescapular, chest, forelimb, neck and hind limb with 11.83%, 10.35%, 4.14%, 3.84%, 3.55%, 0.88% prevalence respectively. Variation in a wound type, abrasion, laceration, punctures and incises, was also significant with p-value 0.000 and 35.23%, 17.8%, 5.3% and 0.6% prevalence respectively and most of the wound was a moderate (21.89%) and followed by mild (18.93%) and severe (18.04%). The highest wound prevalence was caused by improper harness design and saddle (45.85%) followed by unknown cause (5.32%)nail piercing (0.3%), overloading and overworking (0.3%) and infectious disease (0.01%) of wound prevalence. Most of the owners take their donkeys to the nearby veterinary service (50.75%) out of 58.9% of prevalence and most of them were give to their donkeys a short term rest. Generally, the study has clearly indicated wound as a prevailing health and welfare problem of working donkeys in and around Shashemene town. Hence, implementing a comprehensive donkey health and welfare improvement program that focus towards the attitude of owners and awareness creation which was not limited by boundary between town and country side should be a priority for concerned stakeholder.","PeriodicalId":401952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122042270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.56781/ijsrmd.2022.1.1.0023
Raymond E Eworo, Augusta C Nsonwu-Anyanwu, Brendan E Akah, Rita D Alami
Background: Persistent hyperglycemia has been implicated in the development of neuronal complications in diabetes patients. Nerve damage and metabolic abnormalities may cause the release of neuron specific enolase into circulation. Aim: To investigate the relationship between serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) levels in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy. Methods: one hundred and five patients with peripheral neuropathy and 60 apparently healthy non-diabetic controls aged 45-69 years attending Clinics in General Hospital Calabar and the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, between July 2021 and January 2022, were recruited into the study. Fasting plasma glucose was estimated using glucose oxidase peroxidase method. Glycated haemoglobin and NSE were determined using Boronate Affinity High Performance Liquid Chromatography and ELISA methods respectively. Height and weight were measured and BMI computed, and data analyzed using Student’s t-test, ANOVA, post hoc analysis and Pearson’s correlation at P<0.05. Results: Body mass index, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin and neuron specific enolase concentrations were significantly different (P=<0.05) between the diabetic patients and the controls. Neuron specific enolase vary significantly (P<0.05) among the diabetic patients with different forms of diabetes peripheral neuropathy. Fasting plasma glucose correlated positively with NSE (r=0.441, P=0.000) and HbA1C (r=0.328, P=0.001) respectively. Glycated haemoglobin correlated positively with BMI (r=0.412, P=0.000) and NSE (r=0.328, P=0.001) in that order. Conclusion: This study has shown that glycated haemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose are related with neuron specific enolase levels in patients with diabetes peripheral neuropathy. Thus, rising levels of glycated haemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose (poor glycemic control) may be associated with progressive nerve damage in patients with diabetes peripheral neuropathy.
{"title":"Assessment of neuron-specific enolase, glycated haemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose levels in patients with diabetes peripheral neuropathy in Calabar Metropolis, Nigeria: A case control study","authors":"Raymond E Eworo, Augusta C Nsonwu-Anyanwu, Brendan E Akah, Rita D Alami","doi":"10.56781/ijsrmd.2022.1.1.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrmd.2022.1.1.0023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Persistent hyperglycemia has been implicated in the development of neuronal complications in diabetes patients. Nerve damage and metabolic abnormalities may cause the release of neuron specific enolase into circulation. Aim: To investigate the relationship between serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) levels in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy. Methods: one hundred and five patients with peripheral neuropathy and 60 apparently healthy non-diabetic controls aged 45-69 years attending Clinics in General Hospital Calabar and the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, between July 2021 and January 2022, were recruited into the study. Fasting plasma glucose was estimated using glucose oxidase peroxidase method. Glycated haemoglobin and NSE were determined using Boronate Affinity High Performance Liquid Chromatography and ELISA methods respectively. Height and weight were measured and BMI computed, and data analyzed using Student’s t-test, ANOVA, post hoc analysis and Pearson’s correlation at P<0.05. Results: Body mass index, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin and neuron specific enolase concentrations were significantly different (P=<0.05) between the diabetic patients and the controls. Neuron specific enolase vary significantly (P<0.05) among the diabetic patients with different forms of diabetes peripheral neuropathy. Fasting plasma glucose correlated positively with NSE (r=0.441, P=0.000) and HbA1C (r=0.328, P=0.001) respectively. Glycated haemoglobin correlated positively with BMI (r=0.412, P=0.000) and NSE (r=0.328, P=0.001) in that order. Conclusion: This study has shown that glycated haemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose are related with neuron specific enolase levels in patients with diabetes peripheral neuropathy. Thus, rising levels of glycated haemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose (poor glycemic control) may be associated with progressive nerve damage in patients with diabetes peripheral neuropathy.","PeriodicalId":401952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130903513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.56781/ijsrmd.2022.1.1.0021
Akram Mehrandasht, Alireza Atarodi
Introduction: Organisms, including humans, have an internal biological clock that helps them adjust to the regular rhythm of the day. We aimed to study the effect of body's circadian rhythm (morning-evening), (biological clock) in searching for information on different people. Methods: The present study is of a fundamental applied type that has been performed by quasi-experimental method. The statistical population of the study consisted of 69 medical students of Qom University of Medical Sciences who were selected by purposive sampling method. The data of this study were used in two stages of completing the general health questionnaire, morning and evening sleep type, observing the behavior of completing search tasks and log analysis using collected images from users and then were collected in Camtasia studio software. Then, recorded data were collected and analyzed by Excel software and SPSS-24 software. Results: The results showed that people who slept in the evening had better information searching in a shorter time than people who slept in the morning and between. Analysis of the samples searching and retrieval behavior showed that they performed a total of 1574 strategies and techniques in the searching process. In fact, the samples chose their searching according to the type of their task. Conclusion: None of the sleeping types can affect the tests and cause cycles. Based on the genetic changes that occur, humans have different characteristics changing from time to time and create individual and functional differences. The range of individual differences is much wide.
{"title":"Information searching activity based on the body's circadian rhythm (morning-evening)","authors":"Akram Mehrandasht, Alireza Atarodi","doi":"10.56781/ijsrmd.2022.1.1.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrmd.2022.1.1.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Organisms, including humans, have an internal biological clock that helps them adjust to the regular rhythm of the day. We aimed to study the effect of body's circadian rhythm (morning-evening), (biological clock) in searching for information on different people. Methods: The present study is of a fundamental applied type that has been performed by quasi-experimental method. The statistical population of the study consisted of 69 medical students of Qom University of Medical Sciences who were selected by purposive sampling method. The data of this study were used in two stages of completing the general health questionnaire, morning and evening sleep type, observing the behavior of completing search tasks and log analysis using collected images from users and then were collected in Camtasia studio software. Then, recorded data were collected and analyzed by Excel software and SPSS-24 software. Results: The results showed that people who slept in the evening had better information searching in a shorter time than people who slept in the morning and between. Analysis of the samples searching and retrieval behavior showed that they performed a total of 1574 strategies and techniques in the searching process. In fact, the samples chose their searching according to the type of their task. Conclusion: None of the sleeping types can affect the tests and cause cycles. Based on the genetic changes that occur, humans have different characteristics changing from time to time and create individual and functional differences. The range of individual differences is much wide.","PeriodicalId":401952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122720299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus causes an immense amount of problems throughout the world, especially in sub-Saharan countries. Recently viral load is thought to be a good indicator in assessing HIV progression. Complementary feeding practice and type of complementary food are the major factors that affect VL Status. However, in Ethiopia there is paucity of evidence on the factors that could affect viral load among HIV exposed infants. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors that affect VL Status among HIV positive children on ART at Zewditu Memorial Hospital (ZMH), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia using a case control study design. Methods: Institution based unmatched case- control study was employed among a total of 241 (71 cases and 170 controls) children attending for follow up in ZMH ART clinic from July to August 2020. The interviewer conducts a face-to-face interview for 24 hour’s dietary diversity from mothers using standardized and pre tested questioner. SPSS 20 was used for data entry and cleaning, while Stata 14 was used for data analysis. Backward stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association of the factors with the outcome variable. A P-value ≤ 0. 05 was considered statistically significant at 95% confidence level throughout the study. Result: Out of 241 children, 71 of them had high VL status, while the rest 170 of them had low VL status. Poor dietary diversity increases the risk of high VL on ART children [AOR= 4. 37, 95% CI: 2. 12-10. 71]. The risk of high VL increase on children whose mother’s marital status was single [AOR=4, 95% CI: 1. 40, 9. 70], among children who have a daily laborer mothers [AOR= 10. 6, 95% CI: 3. 20, 21. 67], and working on nongovernmental organizations [AOR=5. 32, 95% CI: 1. 68, 10. 51]. Children on WHO clinical stage 3 and 4 [AOR =15. 22, 95% CI: 4. 1, 39. 41], those children who started complementary feeding lately (after 6 months) [AOR= 4. 69, 95% CI: 2. 35, 13. 6] and children with poor Infant dietary diversity score [ AOR= 4. 37, 95% CI: 2. 12-10. 71]. Conclusion: Maternal marital status, maternal occupation, WHO clinical stage, late initiation of complementary feeding practice, and infant dietary diversity score are the factors affecting VL status in HIV positive children on ART at Zewditu memorial hospital.
{"title":"Determinants of viral load status among HIV positive children on ART at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa: A case control study","authors":"Haymanot Jenberu, Mulualem Endeshaw, Yigzaw Kebede, Samson Mideksa, Amana Ogeto Luke, Rehima Zehir Ahmed","doi":"10.56781/ijsrmd.2022.1.1.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrmd.2022.1.1.0022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus causes an immense amount of problems throughout the world, especially in sub-Saharan countries. Recently viral load is thought to be a good indicator in assessing HIV progression. Complementary feeding practice and type of complementary food are the major factors that affect VL Status. However, in Ethiopia there is paucity of evidence on the factors that could affect viral load among HIV exposed infants. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors that affect VL Status among HIV positive children on ART at Zewditu Memorial Hospital (ZMH), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia using a case control study design. Methods: Institution based unmatched case- control study was employed among a total of 241 (71 cases and 170 controls) children attending for follow up in ZMH ART clinic from July to August 2020. The interviewer conducts a face-to-face interview for 24 hour’s dietary diversity from mothers using standardized and pre tested questioner. SPSS 20 was used for data entry and cleaning, while Stata 14 was used for data analysis. Backward stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association of the factors with the outcome variable. A P-value ≤ 0. 05 was considered statistically significant at 95% confidence level throughout the study. Result: Out of 241 children, 71 of them had high VL status, while the rest 170 of them had low VL status. Poor dietary diversity increases the risk of high VL on ART children [AOR= 4. 37, 95% CI: 2. 12-10. 71]. The risk of high VL increase on children whose mother’s marital status was single [AOR=4, 95% CI: 1. 40, 9. 70], among children who have a daily laborer mothers [AOR= 10. 6, 95% CI: 3. 20, 21. 67], and working on nongovernmental organizations [AOR=5. 32, 95% CI: 1. 68, 10. 51]. Children on WHO clinical stage 3 and 4 [AOR =15. 22, 95% CI: 4. 1, 39. 41], those children who started complementary feeding lately (after 6 months) [AOR= 4. 69, 95% CI: 2. 35, 13. 6] and children with poor Infant dietary diversity score [ AOR= 4. 37, 95% CI: 2. 12-10. 71]. Conclusion: Maternal marital status, maternal occupation, WHO clinical stage, late initiation of complementary feeding practice, and infant dietary diversity score are the factors affecting VL status in HIV positive children on ART at Zewditu memorial hospital.","PeriodicalId":401952,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117105964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}