Tirana, capital of Albania, has seen an acute increase in the measles cases during 2018, with a total figure surpassing 1000 of patients. The outbreak happened while the country was only witnessing very few and isolated cases for several years, as to have officially declared the disease as eradicated. Several reasons might have led to the outbreak of this epidemic, with a clear vaccination gap in the years 1997-1998. Authors discuss this undervaccination as well as other factors detectable in this group of patients, such as a peak in the first-year age infants and the prevalent distribution in the suburban area of the city, actually inhabited from a large number of internally migrated people. (JMIR Preprints 28/05/2021:30779) DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.30779 Preprint Settings 1) Would you like to publish your submitted manuscript as preprint? Please make my preprint PDF available to anyone at any time (recommended). Please make my preprint PDF available only to logged-in users; I understand that my title and abstract will remain visible to all users. Only make the preprint title and abstract visible. No, I do not wish to publish my submitted manuscript as a preprint. 2) If accepted for publication in a JMIR journal, would you like the PDF to be visible to the public? Yes, please make my accepted manuscript PDF available to anyone at any time (Recommended). Yes, but please make my accepted manuscript PDF available only to logged-in users; I understand that the title and abstract will remain visible to all users (see Important note, above). I also understand that if I later pay to participate in JMIR’s PubMed Now! service service, my accepted manuscript PDF will automatically be made openly available. Yes, but only make the title and abstract visible (see Important note, above). I understand that if I later pay to participate in JMIR’s PubMed Now! service service, my accepted manuscript PDF will automatically be made openly available. https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/30779 [unpublished, non-peer-reviewed preprint] JMIR Preprints Ulqinaku et al
2018年，阿尔巴尼亚首都地拉那的麻疹病例急剧增加，患者总数超过1000人。疫情发生时，该国几年来只有极少数和孤立的病例，因此正式宣布该疾病已被根除。有几个原因可能导致这种流行病的爆发，在1997-1998年期间有明显的疫苗接种差距。作者讨论了这种疫苗接种不足以及在这组患者中可检测到的其他因素，例如一岁婴儿的高峰和城市郊区的普遍分布，实际上居住着大量的国内移民。(JMIR预印本28/05/2021:30779)DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.30779预印本设置1)您是否愿意将您提交的稿件作为预印本发布?请将我的预打印PDF在任何时候提供给任何人(推荐)。请将我的预打印PDF只提供给登录用户;我明白我的标题和摘要对所有用户都是可见的。只显示预印本标题和摘要。不，我不希望把我提交的手稿作为预印本出版。2)如果在JMIR期刊上发表，您希望PDF对公众可见吗?是的，请在任何时候将我接受的手稿PDF提供给任何人(推荐)。是的，但请将我的手稿PDF只提供给登录用户;我明白标题和摘要对所有用户仍然是可见的(见上面的重要说明)。我也明白，如果我以后付费参加JMIR的PubMed Now!服务服务，我接受的手稿PDF将自动公开提供。可以，但只让标题和摘要可见(见上面的重要注意事项)。我明白，如果我以后付费参加JMIR的PubMed Now!服务服务，我接受的手稿PDF将自动公开提供。https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/30779[未发表，未经同行评议的预印本]JMIR Preprints Ulqinaku et al .
{"title":"Aftershock of a Vaccination Gap: The Measles Epidemics in Tirana, 2018","authors":"D. Ulqinaku, Gentian Vyshka","doi":"10.30654/mjia.10013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30654/mjia.10013","url":null,"abstract":"Tirana, capital of Albania, has seen an acute increase in the measles cases during 2018, with a total figure surpassing 1000 of patients. The outbreak happened while the country was only witnessing very few and isolated cases for several years, as to have officially declared the disease as eradicated. Several reasons might have led to the outbreak of this epidemic, with a clear vaccination gap in the years 1997-1998. Authors discuss this undervaccination as well as other factors detectable in this group of patients, such as a peak in the first-year age infants and the prevalent distribution in the suburban area of the city, actually inhabited from a large number of internally migrated people. (JMIR Preprints 28/05/2021:30779) DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.30779 Preprint Settings 1) Would you like to publish your submitted manuscript as preprint? Please make my preprint PDF available to anyone at any time (recommended). Please make my preprint PDF available only to logged-in users; I understand that my title and abstract will remain visible to all users. Only make the preprint title and abstract visible. No, I do not wish to publish my submitted manuscript as a preprint. 2) If accepted for publication in a JMIR journal, would you like the PDF to be visible to the public? Yes, please make my accepted manuscript PDF available to anyone at any time (Recommended). Yes, but please make my accepted manuscript PDF available only to logged-in users; I understand that the title and abstract will remain visible to all users (see Important note, above). I also understand that if I later pay to participate in <a href=\"https://jmir.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/360008899632-What-is-the-PubMed-Now-ahead-of-print-option-when-I-pay-the-APF-\" target=\"_blank\">JMIR’s PubMed Now! service</a> service, my accepted manuscript PDF will automatically be made openly available. Yes, but only make the title and abstract visible (see Important note, above). I understand that if I later pay to participate in <a href=\"https://jmir.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/360008899632-What-is-the-PubMed-Now-ahead-of-print-option-when-I-pay-the-APF-\" target=\"_blank\">JMIR’s PubMed Now! service</a> service, my accepted manuscript PDF will automatically be made openly available. https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/30779 [unpublished, non-peer-reviewed preprint] JMIR Preprints Ulqinaku et al","PeriodicalId":413658,"journal":{"name":"Mathews Journal of Immunology & Allergy","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124582436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emergency situations as COVID-19 pandemic require emergency authorizations; these are intended to shorten the time for each of the phases of the clinical trials or as termed by Pfizer ‘Project Lightspeed’ [1]. The aim is to have an effective vaccine that could offer protection to the population and end the pandemic in the most urgent and efficient way possible, as time elapsed equals the loss of more lives.
{"title":"Literature Review of the Published Human Clinical Trials: On COVID-19 Vaccines","authors":"Sarah El-Nakeep","doi":"10.30654/mjia.10011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30654/mjia.10011","url":null,"abstract":"Emergency situations as COVID-19 pandemic require emergency authorizations; these are intended to shorten the time for each of the phases of the clinical trials or as termed by Pfizer ‘Project Lightspeed’ [1]. The aim is to have an effective vaccine that could offer protection to the population and end the pandemic in the most urgent and efficient way possible, as time elapsed equals the loss of more lives.","PeriodicalId":413658,"journal":{"name":"Mathews Journal of Immunology & Allergy","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121031671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. M. Morais, Maria Rosacirc, ngela Cunha Duarte Coelho
Most of the primary infections caused by HHV-8 are asymptomatic, with viral syndrome characterized by fever, fatigue, lymphadenopathy, diarrhea, and skin rash [8]. However, after the emergence of HIV/AIDS there was a higher incidence of diseases associated with HHV-8 infection, in which the main manifestations are from the excess of cytokines, such as Castleman’s multicenter disease, and the formation of tumors, as primary effusion lymphoma and Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) [9,10]. HHV-8 is associated with all forms of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), the classic, endemic, iatrogenic, and epidemic or HIV/AIDS-associated form [6,11,12], being the necessary etiological agent, but insufficient for the development of clinical manifestations [4,5,10].
{"title":"An Opinion About the Importance of MBL in HIV/HHV-8 Coinfection","authors":"V. M. Morais, Maria Rosacirc, ngela Cunha Duarte Coelho","doi":"10.30654/mjia.10009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30654/mjia.10009","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the primary infections caused by HHV-8 are asymptomatic, with viral syndrome characterized by fever, fatigue, lymphadenopathy, diarrhea, and skin rash [8]. However, after the emergence of HIV/AIDS there was a higher incidence of diseases associated with HHV-8 infection, in which the main manifestations are from the excess of cytokines, such as Castleman’s multicenter disease, and the formation of tumors, as primary effusion lymphoma and Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) [9,10]. HHV-8 is associated with all forms of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), the classic, endemic, iatrogenic, and epidemic or HIV/AIDS-associated form [6,11,12], being the necessary etiological agent, but insufficient for the development of clinical manifestations [4,5,10].","PeriodicalId":413658,"journal":{"name":"Mathews Journal of Immunology & Allergy","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132776761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Prichard, Delilah D Coconubo, M. Gero, B. Noorbehesht, Michelle B Azimov
C1-esterase inhibitor deficiency results in recurrent episodes of angioedema. Acquired deficiency has been associated with B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, rheumatologic diseases or, in a small proportion of patients, the cause remains unknown. Of the malignancies associated with acquired C1-esterase deficiency, indolent lymphomas and plasma cell disorders are the most common. Aggressive lymphomas are rarely reported in such cases. We report the association of Burkitt lymphoma, a highly aggressive B-cell malignancy, which evolved seven months after the initial symptoms of acquired angioedema in a fifty-five year old man. Following treatment of the lymphoma, episodes of angioedema ceased. An association of acquired angioedema with Burkitt lymphoma has not previously been reported.
{"title":"Acquired C1-Esterase Inhibitor Deficiency Associated with Burkitt Lymphoma","authors":"J. Prichard, Delilah D Coconubo, M. Gero, B. Noorbehesht, Michelle B Azimov","doi":"10.30654/mjia.10008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30654/mjia.10008","url":null,"abstract":"C1-esterase inhibitor deficiency results in recurrent episodes of angioedema. Acquired deficiency has been associated with B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, rheumatologic diseases or, in a small proportion of patients, the cause remains unknown. Of the malignancies associated with acquired C1-esterase deficiency, indolent lymphomas and plasma cell disorders are the most common. Aggressive lymphomas are rarely reported in such cases. We report the association of Burkitt lymphoma, a highly aggressive B-cell malignancy, which evolved seven months after the initial symptoms of acquired angioedema in a fifty-five year old man. Following treatment of the lymphoma, episodes of angioedema ceased. An association of acquired angioedema with Burkitt lymphoma has not previously been reported.","PeriodicalId":413658,"journal":{"name":"Mathews Journal of Immunology & Allergy","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124540969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Tshimanga, A. Fouad, K. Fakiri, N. Rada, G. Draiss, B. Edmou, M. Bouskraoui
Severe combined immune deficits (SCID) are a group of rare yet the severest forms of primitive immune deficits. Reticular dysgenesis (RD) is a rare form of SCID characterized by lack of circulating T lymphocytes, severe congenital neutropenia, and sensorineural deafness. Mutations of the gene coding for adenylate kinase2 (AK2) have been identified as the molecular basis, and treatment consists in bone marrow transplantation. In this article, we report a case of reticular dysgenesis, a very rare condition in Morocco, and a review of the literature.
{"title":"Reticular Dysgenesis: Fiction or Reality in Morocco","authors":"S. Tshimanga, A. Fouad, K. Fakiri, N. Rada, G. Draiss, B. Edmou, M. Bouskraoui","doi":"10.30654/mjia.10012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30654/mjia.10012","url":null,"abstract":"Severe combined immune deficits (SCID) are a group of rare yet the severest forms of primitive immune deficits. Reticular dysgenesis (RD) is a rare form of SCID characterized by lack of circulating T lymphocytes, severe congenital neutropenia, and sensorineural deafness. Mutations of the gene coding for adenylate kinase2 (AK2) have been identified as the molecular basis, and treatment consists in bone marrow transplantation. In this article, we report a case of reticular dysgenesis, a very rare condition in Morocco, and a review of the literature.","PeriodicalId":413658,"journal":{"name":"Mathews Journal of Immunology & Allergy","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127448751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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