Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14744/dajpns.2023.00218
Zulfikare Isik Solak Gormus
Objective: This study aimed to determine the potential effects of three popular antidepressants: agomelatine, fluoxetine, and sertraline on in vitro rat bladder contraction responses, and to investigate their contribution to overactive bladder syndrome. Method: Thirty-two adult male Wistar albino rats, weighing between 300–350 g, were randomly divided into four groups (Control, Agomelatine, Fluoxetine, Sertraline). After cervical dislocation, the bladders were promptly removed, cut into 3–4-millimeter strips, and suspended in an isolated organ bath at a tension of 1 gram. Contractions were induced by acetylcholine (ACh) at a concentration of 10 -5 M. Cumulative doses of agomelatine, fluoxetine, and sertraline (ranging from 10 -8 to 10 -3 M) were administered to the organ bath chambers. The least squares means were compared using the Tukey-Kramer post-hoc test to compare the tension values of the groups at different time points. Results: The inhibition of rat bladder contractions was statistically significant at agomelatine doses of 10 -7 M (p=0.0413), 10 -6 M (p=0.033), 10 -5 M (p=0.003), and 10 -4 M (p<0.001), with a statistically significant recontraction response noticed after the agomelatine dose of 10 -3 M (p<0.001). Cumulative fluoxetine doses at 10 -7 M (p=0.0182), 10 -6 M (p=0.0012), and 10 -5 , 10 -4 , 10 -3 M (all at p<0.001), along with sertraline doses at 10 -5 M (p=0.0096), 10 -4 M (p=0.001), and 10 -3 M (p<0.001), also significantly inhibited contraction. Conclusion: Agomelatine, fluoxetine, and sertraline were found to exhibit inhibitory effects on bladder contraction in a dose-dependent manner.
{"title":"The effects of agomelatine, fluoxetine, and sertraline on rat bladder contraction in vitro","authors":"Zulfikare Isik Solak Gormus","doi":"10.14744/dajpns.2023.00218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/dajpns.2023.00218","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to determine the potential effects of three popular antidepressants: agomelatine, fluoxetine, and sertraline on in vitro rat bladder contraction responses, and to investigate their contribution to overactive bladder syndrome. Method: Thirty-two adult male Wistar albino rats, weighing between 300–350 g, were randomly divided into four groups (Control, Agomelatine, Fluoxetine, Sertraline). After cervical dislocation, the bladders were promptly removed, cut into 3–4-millimeter strips, and suspended in an isolated organ bath at a tension of 1 gram. Contractions were induced by acetylcholine (ACh) at a concentration of 10 -5 M. Cumulative doses of agomelatine, fluoxetine, and sertraline (ranging from 10 -8 to 10 -3 M) were administered to the organ bath chambers. The least squares means were compared using the Tukey-Kramer post-hoc test to compare the tension values of the groups at different time points. Results: The inhibition of rat bladder contractions was statistically significant at agomelatine doses of 10 -7 M (p=0.0413), 10 -6 M (p=0.033), 10 -5 M (p=0.003), and 10 -4 M (p<0.001), with a statistically significant recontraction response noticed after the agomelatine dose of 10 -3 M (p<0.001). Cumulative fluoxetine doses at 10 -7 M (p=0.0182), 10 -6 M (p=0.0012), and 10 -5 , 10 -4 , 10 -3 M (all at p<0.001), along with sertraline doses at 10 -5 M (p=0.0096), 10 -4 M (p=0.001), and 10 -3 M (p<0.001), also significantly inhibited contraction. Conclusion: Agomelatine, fluoxetine, and sertraline were found to exhibit inhibitory effects on bladder contraction in a dose-dependent manner.","PeriodicalId":41884,"journal":{"name":"Dusunen Adam-Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135495070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14744/dajpns.2023.00217
Mehmet Unler
Objective: Among physicians, men are 1.41 times, and women are 2.27 times more likely to die by suicide than the general population. Physician suicide exhibits a double peak, with the highest incidence occurring in late middle age, and the second peak during the training years. There is a limited number of studies on physician suicides in Turkiye. This study aims to examine completed physician and medical student suicides and explore the associated socio-demographic, professional, and suicidological parameters over a 16-year period. Method: The research involves an explanatory study of medical student and physician suicide deaths in Turkiye from 2006 to 2021, based on data from the Google database and online news sites. In the initial stage, specific keywords were used to search Google for news related to the topic. This process yielded 892 results, from which 133 relevant cases were identified. Subsequently, the study extended to searching 32 online national newspapers and 28 online news sites using the same keywords, leading to the discovery of an additional 33 cases. Furthermore, 32 cases were obtained from four widely used social media sites and seven health workers’ news portal. Results: The study evaluated 138 cases as definite/probable suicide deaths. The mean age of individuals was 38.64±12.80. Most of the subjects were specialists (39.9%). Drug intoxication (27.9%) was the most common method of suicide, followed by jumping from height (21.7%). Familial problems were cited most frequently (26.5%), followed by occupational/academic problems (22.1%). Regarding the specialties, anesthesiology (12.5%), gynecology and obstetrics (10.2%), and psychiatry (10.2%) had the highest occurrences among the suicide cases. Conclusion: The study revealed that academic problems among medical students and marital discord among specialists emerged as the key reasons for suicide. These issues are preventable and warrant further investigation through focused research.
{"title":"Completed physician and medical student suicides in Turkiye (2006–2021): An explanatory internet-based study","authors":"Mehmet Unler","doi":"10.14744/dajpns.2023.00217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/dajpns.2023.00217","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Among physicians, men are 1.41 times, and women are 2.27 times more likely to die by suicide than the general population. Physician suicide exhibits a double peak, with the highest incidence occurring in late middle age, and the second peak during the training years. There is a limited number of studies on physician suicides in Turkiye. This study aims to examine completed physician and medical student suicides and explore the associated socio-demographic, professional, and suicidological parameters over a 16-year period. Method: The research involves an explanatory study of medical student and physician suicide deaths in Turkiye from 2006 to 2021, based on data from the Google database and online news sites. In the initial stage, specific keywords were used to search Google for news related to the topic. This process yielded 892 results, from which 133 relevant cases were identified. Subsequently, the study extended to searching 32 online national newspapers and 28 online news sites using the same keywords, leading to the discovery of an additional 33 cases. Furthermore, 32 cases were obtained from four widely used social media sites and seven health workers’ news portal. Results: The study evaluated 138 cases as definite/probable suicide deaths. The mean age of individuals was 38.64±12.80. Most of the subjects were specialists (39.9%). Drug intoxication (27.9%) was the most common method of suicide, followed by jumping from height (21.7%). Familial problems were cited most frequently (26.5%), followed by occupational/academic problems (22.1%). Regarding the specialties, anesthesiology (12.5%), gynecology and obstetrics (10.2%), and psychiatry (10.2%) had the highest occurrences among the suicide cases. Conclusion: The study revealed that academic problems among medical students and marital discord among specialists emerged as the key reasons for suicide. These issues are preventable and warrant further investigation through focused research.","PeriodicalId":41884,"journal":{"name":"Dusunen Adam-Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135495537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14744/dajpns.2023.00221
Burcu Turk
Objective: When examining the causes of suicide – an important public health problem – various psychological, social, cultural, and biological factors come to light. Given the complex nature of suicide, machine learning techniques have recently been used in psychological and psychiatric research. Machine learning is defined as the programming of computers to improve their performance using sample data or past experience. This study aims to predict suicidal thoughts in a non-clinical sample using supervised learning classification algorithms, one of the machine learning methods. This method is based on the risk and protective factors associated with suicide. Method: The Personal Information Form, Coping Attitudes Assessment Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used as data collection tools. The study comprised 1,940 participants, with ages ranging between 18 and 30 (x=20.48, SD=2.45). Results: Using the ensemble learning model with the Hard Voting approach, the prediction rate for a “yes” answer to the question “Have you had suicidal thoughts in the past year?” was determined to be 82%. Conclusion: This study is believed to contribute to prevention efforts by addressing potential future suicidal thoughts and preventing existing suicidal thoughts from evolving into actions. This contribution considers suicide-related warning signals and associated protective and risk factors.
{"title":"Predicting suicidal thoughts in a non-clinical sample using machine learning methods","authors":"Burcu Turk","doi":"10.14744/dajpns.2023.00221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/dajpns.2023.00221","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: When examining the causes of suicide – an important public health problem – various psychological, social, cultural, and biological factors come to light. Given the complex nature of suicide, machine learning techniques have recently been used in psychological and psychiatric research. Machine learning is defined as the programming of computers to improve their performance using sample data or past experience. This study aims to predict suicidal thoughts in a non-clinical sample using supervised learning classification algorithms, one of the machine learning methods. This method is based on the risk and protective factors associated with suicide. Method: The Personal Information Form, Coping Attitudes Assessment Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used as data collection tools. The study comprised 1,940 participants, with ages ranging between 18 and 30 (x=20.48, SD=2.45). Results: Using the ensemble learning model with the Hard Voting approach, the prediction rate for a “yes” answer to the question “Have you had suicidal thoughts in the past year?” was determined to be 82%. Conclusion: This study is believed to contribute to prevention efforts by addressing potential future suicidal thoughts and preventing existing suicidal thoughts from evolving into actions. This contribution considers suicide-related warning signals and associated protective and risk factors.","PeriodicalId":41884,"journal":{"name":"Dusunen Adam-Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135495079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14744/dajpns.2023.00216
Kingsley Afoke Iteire
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant effect and spatial memory enhancement of the garlic synthetic complex (GSC) on scopolamine-induced neurotoxicity in male Wistar rats. Method: Fifty-six adult rats (180±20 kg) were randomly assigned to seven groups (n=8). Groups 1 and 3 were orally treated with distilled water and GSC, respectively. Groups 2, 4–7 received 1 mg/kg intraperitoneal scopolamine for one week. On the eighth day, groups 5–7 were administered GSC at doses of 100 mg, 200 mg, and 300 mg/kg, respectively, for three weeks. Group 4 received 5 mg/kg donepezil for three weeks. Y-maze and Open-field tests were used to evaluate the effects on cognitive and motor functions. At the end of the treatment, the rats were sacrificed, and their brains were harvested for further studies, employing standard biochemical and histological techniques. Results: Scopolamine-induced motor function impairment and anxiolytic behaviors were observed, characterized by a reduced time of movement, horizontal and vertical activities, the number of rearings, time spent in the center square, and an increase in resting time. Additionally, it induced cognitive impairment by decreasing the percentage of spontaneous and correct alternations, the number of entries, and spatial working memory in the Y-maze test. Scopolamine also induced oxidative stress by significantly elevating Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels but did not affect Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) levels. Histologically, the cerebral cortex presented with dilated vasculature, neuronal loss, and vacuolated cytoplasm with scopolamine treatments. Meanwhile, GSC, comparable to Donepezil, improved these changes in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: GSC demonstrated its ameliorative effect on scopolamine-induced neurodegeneration by decreasing lipid peroxidation, improving spatial working memory, and regenerating cortical neurons in the cerebral cortex of rats.
{"title":"Garlic synthetic complex ameliorates oxidative stress, improves spatial working memory, and exhibits anxiolytic potential in scopolamineinduced neurotoxicity in Wistar rats","authors":"Kingsley Afoke Iteire","doi":"10.14744/dajpns.2023.00216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/dajpns.2023.00216","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant effect and spatial memory enhancement of the garlic synthetic complex (GSC) on scopolamine-induced neurotoxicity in male Wistar rats. Method: Fifty-six adult rats (180±20 kg) were randomly assigned to seven groups (n=8). Groups 1 and 3 were orally treated with distilled water and GSC, respectively. Groups 2, 4–7 received 1 mg/kg intraperitoneal scopolamine for one week. On the eighth day, groups 5–7 were administered GSC at doses of 100 mg, 200 mg, and 300 mg/kg, respectively, for three weeks. Group 4 received 5 mg/kg donepezil for three weeks. Y-maze and Open-field tests were used to evaluate the effects on cognitive and motor functions. At the end of the treatment, the rats were sacrificed, and their brains were harvested for further studies, employing standard biochemical and histological techniques. Results: Scopolamine-induced motor function impairment and anxiolytic behaviors were observed, characterized by a reduced time of movement, horizontal and vertical activities, the number of rearings, time spent in the center square, and an increase in resting time. Additionally, it induced cognitive impairment by decreasing the percentage of spontaneous and correct alternations, the number of entries, and spatial working memory in the Y-maze test. Scopolamine also induced oxidative stress by significantly elevating Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels but did not affect Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) levels. Histologically, the cerebral cortex presented with dilated vasculature, neuronal loss, and vacuolated cytoplasm with scopolamine treatments. Meanwhile, GSC, comparable to Donepezil, improved these changes in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: GSC demonstrated its ameliorative effect on scopolamine-induced neurodegeneration by decreasing lipid peroxidation, improving spatial working memory, and regenerating cortical neurons in the cerebral cortex of rats.","PeriodicalId":41884,"journal":{"name":"Dusunen Adam-Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135495337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14744/dajpns.2023.00215
Yildiz Bilge
Objective: Criticisms and limitations of the categorical approach in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) are discussed. In recent years, it has been suggested that an alternative approach, such as the dimensional model, is more advantageous. The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), which offers a dimensional-based framework, is presented as a new perspective. The study aimed to adapt the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory-Schizoid Personality Disorder (IDCP-SZPD), which was developed according to the HiTOP perspective and assesses schizoid personality disorder with a dimensional approach, into Turkish, and to examine its validity and reliability. Method: The Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire, Interpersonal Sensitivity Scale, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, The Interpersonal Attachment Styles Scale, Coolidge Axis II Inventory Plus Turkish Short Form, and Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised (DSM-III-R) Personality Questionnaire were used for convergent validity analyses. Convergent validity, exploratory, and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted for validity, while Cronbach’s Alpha and test-retest analyses were used for reliability. Results: The factor analysis determined that the 10 th , 17 th , 18 th , and 23 rd items should be removed from the scale, and the scale showed a five-factor structure. According to the reliability analysis, Cronbach’s alpha value was found to be 0.91 for the total scale and between 0.71 and 0.91 for the subscales. It was determined that the item-total item correlations of all items on the scale were above 0.30. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is evident that the Turkish adaptation of the IDCP-SZPD has strong psychometric properties.
{"title":"Turkish adaptation of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory-Schizoid Personality Disorder: Validity and reliability study","authors":"Yildiz Bilge","doi":"10.14744/dajpns.2023.00215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/dajpns.2023.00215","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Criticisms and limitations of the categorical approach in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) are discussed. In recent years, it has been suggested that an alternative approach, such as the dimensional model, is more advantageous. The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), which offers a dimensional-based framework, is presented as a new perspective. The study aimed to adapt the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory-Schizoid Personality Disorder (IDCP-SZPD), which was developed according to the HiTOP perspective and assesses schizoid personality disorder with a dimensional approach, into Turkish, and to examine its validity and reliability. Method: The Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire, Interpersonal Sensitivity Scale, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, The Interpersonal Attachment Styles Scale, Coolidge Axis II Inventory Plus Turkish Short Form, and Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised (DSM-III-R) Personality Questionnaire were used for convergent validity analyses. Convergent validity, exploratory, and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted for validity, while Cronbach’s Alpha and test-retest analyses were used for reliability. Results: The factor analysis determined that the 10 th , 17 th , 18 th , and 23 rd items should be removed from the scale, and the scale showed a five-factor structure. According to the reliability analysis, Cronbach’s alpha value was found to be 0.91 for the total scale and between 0.71 and 0.91 for the subscales. It was determined that the item-total item correlations of all items on the scale were above 0.30. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is evident that the Turkish adaptation of the IDCP-SZPD has strong psychometric properties.","PeriodicalId":41884,"journal":{"name":"Dusunen Adam-Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135495342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14744/dajpns.2023.00223
Nur Seda Gulcu Ustun
Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic with an affinity for D2 and 5-HT-2A receptors, used in treating various psychiatric disorders, particularly disruptive behavioral disorders (1,2). Risperidone is safe for children and adolescents; however, side effects such as headaches, weight gain, increased appetite, extended sleep, rhinitis, and upper respiratory tract infections may manifest during treatment (1). The literature documents adverse effects such as epistaxis, gastrointestinal bleeding, gingival bleeding, and hemorrhagic cystitis associated with this drug (3–8). This report presents a 15-year-old girl experiencing abnormal vaginal bleeding with risperidone treatment. A 15-year-old female patient with AttentionDeficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was admitted to the clinic due to aggressive and impulsive behavior complaints. She was taking Osmotic Release Oral System-methylphenidate (OROS-methylphenidate), with which she had a 60-70% improvement in ADHD symptoms at 54 mg/day for four years. Based on the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale, she scored 15 for attention deficit, 20 for hyperactivity, and 12 for Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). The patient was diagnosed with ADHD and ODD by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria. The patient was started on risperidone 0.5 mg/b.i.d for ODD symptoms. She had heavy abnormal vaginal bleeding that began on the fourth day of risperidone treatment and lasted 18 days, although her menstrual period ended a week prior. Risperidone treatment was discontinued due to abnormal bleeding. Three days after the discontinuation, the bleeding was regressed. Since her ODD symptoms persisted, risperidone 0.5 mg/b.i.d was resumed one week later, and the patient was closely monitored. On the fifth day of restarting risperidone, abnormal vaginal bleeding recurred. The patient was referred to obstetrics for consultation. She had no galactorrhea or symptoms of menstrual irregularity. Her complete blood count, routine biochemistry, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen hormones, prolactin (PRL), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) values, fibrinogen levels, and abdominal ultrasonography were within the normal range. The patient had no personal or family history of bleeding disorders, physical trauma, or self-injurious behaviors. Furthermore, she was not bleeding elsewhere. Aside from the prescribed treatment, she was not using any other herbal or medicinal drugs. The situation was considered a potential adverse effect of risperidone, leading to its discontinuation. Repeated assessments, including the abovementioned tests, consistently showed normal results during a medication-free follow-up period of one month. Since the patient’s ODD symptoms persisted, aripiprazole was initiated at 5 mg/day and subsequently increased to 10 mg/day. For six months under the current treatment regimen, the patient did not report
{"title":"Abnormal vaginal bleeding related to risperidone","authors":"Nur Seda Gulcu Ustun","doi":"10.14744/dajpns.2023.00223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/dajpns.2023.00223","url":null,"abstract":"Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic with an affinity for D2 and 5-HT-2A receptors, used in treating various psychiatric disorders, particularly disruptive behavioral disorders (1,2). Risperidone is safe for children and adolescents; however, side effects such as headaches, weight gain, increased appetite, extended sleep, rhinitis, and upper respiratory tract infections may manifest during treatment (1). The literature documents adverse effects such as epistaxis, gastrointestinal bleeding, gingival bleeding, and hemorrhagic cystitis associated with this drug (3–8). This report presents a 15-year-old girl experiencing abnormal vaginal bleeding with risperidone treatment. A 15-year-old female patient with AttentionDeficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was admitted to the clinic due to aggressive and impulsive behavior complaints. She was taking Osmotic Release Oral System-methylphenidate (OROS-methylphenidate), with which she had a 60-70% improvement in ADHD symptoms at 54 mg/day for four years. Based on the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale, she scored 15 for attention deficit, 20 for hyperactivity, and 12 for Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). The patient was diagnosed with ADHD and ODD by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria. The patient was started on risperidone 0.5 mg/b.i.d for ODD symptoms. She had heavy abnormal vaginal bleeding that began on the fourth day of risperidone treatment and lasted 18 days, although her menstrual period ended a week prior. Risperidone treatment was discontinued due to abnormal bleeding. Three days after the discontinuation, the bleeding was regressed. Since her ODD symptoms persisted, risperidone 0.5 mg/b.i.d was resumed one week later, and the patient was closely monitored. On the fifth day of restarting risperidone, abnormal vaginal bleeding recurred. The patient was referred to obstetrics for consultation. She had no galactorrhea or symptoms of menstrual irregularity. Her complete blood count, routine biochemistry, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen hormones, prolactin (PRL), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) values, fibrinogen levels, and abdominal ultrasonography were within the normal range. The patient had no personal or family history of bleeding disorders, physical trauma, or self-injurious behaviors. Furthermore, she was not bleeding elsewhere. Aside from the prescribed treatment, she was not using any other herbal or medicinal drugs. The situation was considered a potential adverse effect of risperidone, leading to its discontinuation. Repeated assessments, including the abovementioned tests, consistently showed normal results during a medication-free follow-up period of one month. Since the patient’s ODD symptoms persisted, aripiprazole was initiated at 5 mg/day and subsequently increased to 10 mg/day. For six months under the current treatment regimen, the patient did not report","PeriodicalId":41884,"journal":{"name":"Dusunen Adam-Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135495076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14744/dajpns.2023.00222
Sezin Alpaydin Baslo
Objective: The present study reports single fiber electromyography (SFEMG) findings in patients with ocular symptoms referred to the electromyography (EMG) laboratory with a presumed diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (MG). This study also examines repetitive nerve stimulation and serologic and clinical findings. Method: We reviewed the medical records of 45 consecutive patients from January 2019 to September 2021 retrospectively. SFEMG was performed on the frontalis muscle (Front) during voluntary contraction using a disposable concentric needle electrode (CNE) (25 mm, 30 G). The number of single fiber-like action potential (SFLAP) pairs, the mean consecutive difference (MCD), the mean sorted difference (MSD), and the percentage of abnormally high individual jitters were noted. Results: SFEMG results were normal for 16 patients, abnormal for 15, and borderline for 14. The mean jitters for the normal, borderline, and abnormal SFEMG groups were 19.75±3.84 µs, 27.21±4.89 µs, and 74.4±38.74 µs, respectively. A minimum of 20 SFLAP pairs were acquired in the normal or borderline SFEMG groups, whereas an analysis of fewer than 20 SFLAP pairs sufficed for 53% of the patients in the abnormal SFEMG group (p=0.001). SFEMG revealed diagnostic high jitter in 79% of patients with MG. The acetylcholine receptor (AchR) antibody titer correlated positively with mean MCD and MSD (p<0.01) but not with the percentage of high jitter. Conclusion: CNE SFEMG of the Front is beneficial for diagnosing ocular and mild MG. The correlation of absolute AChR antibody titers with mean MCD and MSD, but not with the percentage of high jitter, is notable.
{"title":"Single fiber electromyography of the frontalis muscle: A view from the electromyography laboratory perspective","authors":"Sezin Alpaydin Baslo","doi":"10.14744/dajpns.2023.00222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/dajpns.2023.00222","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study reports single fiber electromyography (SFEMG) findings in patients with ocular symptoms referred to the electromyography (EMG) laboratory with a presumed diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (MG). This study also examines repetitive nerve stimulation and serologic and clinical findings. Method: We reviewed the medical records of 45 consecutive patients from January 2019 to September 2021 retrospectively. SFEMG was performed on the frontalis muscle (Front) during voluntary contraction using a disposable concentric needle electrode (CNE) (25 mm, 30 G). The number of single fiber-like action potential (SFLAP) pairs, the mean consecutive difference (MCD), the mean sorted difference (MSD), and the percentage of abnormally high individual jitters were noted. Results: SFEMG results were normal for 16 patients, abnormal for 15, and borderline for 14. The mean jitters for the normal, borderline, and abnormal SFEMG groups were 19.75±3.84 µs, 27.21±4.89 µs, and 74.4±38.74 µs, respectively. A minimum of 20 SFLAP pairs were acquired in the normal or borderline SFEMG groups, whereas an analysis of fewer than 20 SFLAP pairs sufficed for 53% of the patients in the abnormal SFEMG group (p=0.001). SFEMG revealed diagnostic high jitter in 79% of patients with MG. The acetylcholine receptor (AchR) antibody titer correlated positively with mean MCD and MSD (p<0.01) but not with the percentage of high jitter. Conclusion: CNE SFEMG of the Front is beneficial for diagnosing ocular and mild MG. The correlation of absolute AChR antibody titers with mean MCD and MSD, but not with the percentage of high jitter, is notable.","PeriodicalId":41884,"journal":{"name":"Dusunen Adam-Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135495068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14744/dajpns.2023.00220
Aybeniz Civan Kahve
Objective: Psychiatrists acquire general professional competencies during their residency training and continue their education in areas of interest thereafter. This study aimed to create a profile of the mental disorders that psychiatrists prefer to engage with and explore in their clinical practice, as well as the treatment methods they employ. Furthermore, the study evaluated the impact of aligning clinical practice with areas of interest on self-efficacy. Method: Participants were recruited through an online questionnaire designed using Google Forms. The study included a total of 218 psychiatrists who completed the sociodemographic data form, evaluation form, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: Psychiatrists in Turkiye showed the greatest affinity for treating patients with bipolar disorder, while showing the least interest in paraphilic disorder. The most frequently examined patients in their clinical practice were those diagnosed with anxiety disorders, and the prevailing treatment method applied was psychopharmacological intervention. A positive correlation was observed between the frequency of examining mental disorders of interest and self-efficacy levels. Conclusion: Understanding the professional inclinations of psychiatrists is vital for designing effective residency and post-residency training programs. This study, for the first time, examines the professional interests of psychiatrists and their connection to self-efficacy within the context of medical specialties.
{"title":"Professional interests of psychiatrists in Turkiye: Are they consistent with clinical practice and self-efficacy?","authors":"Aybeniz Civan Kahve","doi":"10.14744/dajpns.2023.00220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/dajpns.2023.00220","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Psychiatrists acquire general professional competencies during their residency training and continue their education in areas of interest thereafter. This study aimed to create a profile of the mental disorders that psychiatrists prefer to engage with and explore in their clinical practice, as well as the treatment methods they employ. Furthermore, the study evaluated the impact of aligning clinical practice with areas of interest on self-efficacy. Method: Participants were recruited through an online questionnaire designed using Google Forms. The study included a total of 218 psychiatrists who completed the sociodemographic data form, evaluation form, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: Psychiatrists in Turkiye showed the greatest affinity for treating patients with bipolar disorder, while showing the least interest in paraphilic disorder. The most frequently examined patients in their clinical practice were those diagnosed with anxiety disorders, and the prevailing treatment method applied was psychopharmacological intervention. A positive correlation was observed between the frequency of examining mental disorders of interest and self-efficacy levels. Conclusion: Understanding the professional inclinations of psychiatrists is vital for designing effective residency and post-residency training programs. This study, for the first time, examines the professional interests of psychiatrists and their connection to self-efficacy within the context of medical specialties.","PeriodicalId":41884,"journal":{"name":"Dusunen Adam-Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135495322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14744/dajpns.2023.00214
Sigmar de Mello Rode
{"title":"Open science and quality in publishing","authors":"Sigmar de Mello Rode","doi":"10.14744/dajpns.2023.00214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/dajpns.2023.00214","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41884,"journal":{"name":"Dusunen Adam-Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135495338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14744/dajpns.2023.00219
Umit Haluk Yesilkaya
Objective: The effects of metabolic changes on neural structures in the later stages of schizophrenia remain unknown. Alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism could impact disease progression. This study aims to investigate the effects of glucose and lipid metabolism on neuronal structures in treatment-resistant schizophrenia using optical coherence tomography (OCT), glycogenic proteins, and cholesterol values. Method: The study included 39 schizophrenia patients with remission, 43 treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) patients, and 40 healthy controls (HC). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed on all participants. Serum samples were collected to determine fasting glucose, Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides, total cholesterol, fasting insulin, and Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) levels. Results: IGF-1 levels in TRS patients were higher than those in the remission group. Additionally, the thickness of the inferior retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), superior RNFL, and global RNFL regions was significantly lower in the TRS group than in the HC group. Conclusion: While OCT measurements and elevated IGF-1 levels indicate neural thinning in treatment-resistant schizophrenia, there was no observed effect from lipid and glucose metabolism on this phenomenon.
{"title":"Investigating the effects of glucose and lipid metabolism on neuronal structure using optical coherence tomography in treatment-resistant schizophrenia","authors":"Umit Haluk Yesilkaya","doi":"10.14744/dajpns.2023.00219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/dajpns.2023.00219","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The effects of metabolic changes on neural structures in the later stages of schizophrenia remain unknown. Alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism could impact disease progression. This study aims to investigate the effects of glucose and lipid metabolism on neuronal structures in treatment-resistant schizophrenia using optical coherence tomography (OCT), glycogenic proteins, and cholesterol values. Method: The study included 39 schizophrenia patients with remission, 43 treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) patients, and 40 healthy controls (HC). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed on all participants. Serum samples were collected to determine fasting glucose, Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides, total cholesterol, fasting insulin, and Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) levels. Results: IGF-1 levels in TRS patients were higher than those in the remission group. Additionally, the thickness of the inferior retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), superior RNFL, and global RNFL regions was significantly lower in the TRS group than in the HC group. Conclusion: While OCT measurements and elevated IGF-1 levels indicate neural thinning in treatment-resistant schizophrenia, there was no observed effect from lipid and glucose metabolism on this phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":41884,"journal":{"name":"Dusunen Adam-Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135495541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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