Pub Date : 2020-09-29DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198804741.003.0005
G. Scott
In this chapter the diverse mating systems exhibited by birds are described and explained. The chapter begins with a discussion of anisogamy and resulting behavioural differences exhibited by male and female birds. Sperm competition, sperm storage, and delayed fertilization are discussed and their consequences in terms of reproductive behaviours and systems are explained. Courtship systems and behaviours are discussed. Social monogamy, polygamy, and lekking behaviour are examined and examples of field research are given to support offered hypotheses. Bird song is considered in some detail through discussion of the function of song and of the genetic, neurological, and physiological control of singing. Particular attention is given to the impact of noise pollution on singing behaviour. The chapter concludes with a discussion of chick rearing including brood size management.
{"title":"Reproduction","authors":"G. Scott","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198804741.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198804741.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter the diverse mating systems exhibited by birds are described and explained. The chapter begins with a discussion of anisogamy and resulting behavioural differences exhibited by male and female birds. Sperm competition, sperm storage, and delayed fertilization are discussed and their consequences in terms of reproductive behaviours and systems are explained. Courtship systems and behaviours are discussed. Social monogamy, polygamy, and lekking behaviour are examined and examples of field research are given to support offered hypotheses. Bird song is considered in some detail through discussion of the function of song and of the genetic, neurological, and physiological control of singing. Particular attention is given to the impact of noise pollution on singing behaviour. The chapter concludes with a discussion of chick rearing including brood size management.","PeriodicalId":419140,"journal":{"name":"Essential Ornithology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130299578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-29DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198804741.003.0001
G. Scott
This chapter explores the evolutionary history of birds. It considers the dinosaur origins of birds and the evolution of the modern bird lineages. The development of the modern bird from its prehistoric, reptilian ancestors is analysed by discussion of important fossil specimens, particularly that of Archaeopteryx, and the development of both morphological and biomolecular phylogenies. Evolution by natural selection is explained, as are processes of evolutionary adaptation and speciation. The conservation implications of hybridization are considered and the classification and nomenclature of birds is introduced. Throughout the chapter examples of current research are presented alongside established classic studies to engage the reader and provide a route into the relevant scientific literature.
{"title":"Evolution of birds","authors":"G. Scott","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198804741.003.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198804741.003.0001","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores the evolutionary history of birds. It considers the dinosaur origins of birds and the evolution of the modern bird lineages. The development of the modern bird from its prehistoric, reptilian ancestors is analysed by discussion of important fossil specimens, particularly that of Archaeopteryx, and the development of both morphological and biomolecular phylogenies. Evolution by natural selection is explained, as are processes of evolutionary adaptation and speciation. The conservation implications of hybridization are considered and the classification and nomenclature of birds is introduced. Throughout the chapter examples of current research are presented alongside established classic studies to engage the reader and provide a route into the relevant scientific literature.","PeriodicalId":419140,"journal":{"name":"Essential Ornithology","volume":"243 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126046526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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