Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.7358/NEUR-2018-024-MOHA
Tarik N. Mohamed
The current study manipulated according to perceptual load theory (PLT) by increasing the letters' numbers of Arabic words and pseudowords to examine the effect of selective attention on the orthographic complexity of Arabic words. The current study’s objective is to investigate the effect of selective attention on Event-Related Potentials components associated with orthographic codes such as N170. Participants were requested to perform lexical decision task by identifying words vs. pseudowords. Results showed that there is a significant effect of selective attention on N170 component, which reflects orthographic coding of words with increase negatively for three-letters words compared to six-letters words or nine-letters words. Interestingly, Selective attention does not affect the pseudowords, in that there are no differences between different pseudowords according to length. These findings suggested that selective attention influenced both words and pseudo-words. These findings showed that orthographic coding stages strongly depend on selective attention.
{"title":"The influence of perceptual load on the orthographic complexity of Arabic words processing: ERP Evidence","authors":"Tarik N. Mohamed","doi":"10.7358/NEUR-2018-024-MOHA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7358/NEUR-2018-024-MOHA","url":null,"abstract":"The current study manipulated according to perceptual load theory (PLT) by increasing the letters' numbers of Arabic words and pseudowords to examine the effect of selective attention on the orthographic complexity of Arabic words. The current study’s objective is to investigate the effect of selective attention on Event-Related Potentials components associated with orthographic codes such as N170. Participants were requested to perform lexical decision task by identifying words vs. pseudowords. Results showed that there is a significant effect of selective attention on N170 component, which reflects orthographic coding of words with increase negatively for three-letters words compared to six-letters words or nine-letters words. Interestingly, Selective attention does not affect the pseudowords, in that there are no differences between different pseudowords according to length. These findings suggested that selective attention influenced both words and pseudo-words. These findings showed that orthographic coding stages strongly depend on selective attention.","PeriodicalId":42015,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychological Trends","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89505121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.7358/neur-2018-024-balc
M. Balconi, M. E. Vanutelli
Brain-to-brain coupling during cooperation is a core question of study on social interactions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the neural basis of interbrain cooperation and the cognitive performance underlying the execution of jointactions by using EEG coherence measures. Synchronicity of the cognitive variables (response times, RTs, and error rates, ERs) in response to an attentional task, intersubjective coherence analysis on EEG frequency bands, and correlational measures between cognitive and brain activity were considered during some steps of progressive reinforcing conditions. Fifteen couples of subjects performed an attentional task in eight temporal steps, stressing their good performance at the end of each step. The induced feedback affected both the cognitive performance and brain-to-brain coupling by increasing behavioral and brain synchronization when a positive feedback was furnished to the participants for their performance. Secondly, about the cortical contribution, high coherence effect was mainly observed when a positive reinforce was produced, but only for some low frequency bands within the prefrontal left area, compared to the right one. Thus, also a left lateralization effect was reportable. Finally, the cognitive and EEG coherence measures were shown to be correlated, with a significant similar trend anchored to the progressive feedback.
{"title":"EEG hyperscanning and behavioral synchronization during a joint actions","authors":"M. Balconi, M. E. Vanutelli","doi":"10.7358/neur-2018-024-balc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7358/neur-2018-024-balc","url":null,"abstract":"Brain-to-brain coupling during cooperation is a core question of study on social interactions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the neural basis of interbrain cooperation and the cognitive performance underlying the execution of jointactions by using EEG coherence measures. Synchronicity of the cognitive variables (response times, RTs, and error rates, ERs) in response to an attentional task, intersubjective coherence analysis on EEG frequency bands, and correlational measures between cognitive and brain activity were considered during some steps of progressive reinforcing conditions. Fifteen couples of subjects performed an attentional task in eight temporal steps, stressing their good performance at the end of each step. The induced feedback affected both the cognitive performance and brain-to-brain coupling by increasing behavioral and brain synchronization when a positive feedback was furnished to the participants for their performance. Secondly, about the cortical contribution, high coherence effect was mainly observed when a positive reinforce was produced, but only for some low frequency bands within the prefrontal left area, compared to the right one. Thus, also a left lateralization effect was reportable. Finally, the cognitive and EEG coherence measures were shown to be correlated, with a significant similar trend anchored to the progressive feedback.","PeriodicalId":42015,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychological Trends","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79367095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.7358/NEUR-2018-024-RUBI
J. Rubiales, Daiana Russo, Micaela Reyna
Fil: Rubiales, Josefina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Psicologia. Instituto de Psicologia Basica, Aplicada y Tecnologia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Psicologia Basica, Aplicada y Tecnologia; Argentina
{"title":"Rey Complex Figure Test and the evaluation of executive functions in children and adolescents","authors":"J. Rubiales, Daiana Russo, Micaela Reyna","doi":"10.7358/NEUR-2018-024-RUBI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7358/NEUR-2018-024-RUBI","url":null,"abstract":"Fil: Rubiales, Josefina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Psicologia. Instituto de Psicologia Basica, Aplicada y Tecnologia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Psicologia Basica, Aplicada y Tecnologia; Argentina","PeriodicalId":42015,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychological Trends","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77839666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.7358/NEUR-2018-024-FABI
R. Fabio, T. Caprì, N. Mohammadhasani, A. Gangemi, A. Gagliano, G. Martino
This study aimed to examine whether the visual working memory (VWM) phases, encoding and recall, may be impaired in children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The second aim was to measure electroencephalographic (EEG) correlates of two types of encoding: efficient and inefficient encoding. 23 children with ADHD, age and sex matched with 23 non-ADHD subjects, were recruited. With reference to neurophysiological measures, an EEG was recorded before the WMT, during the encoding and finally during the recalling phases of the WMT. With reference to neuropsychological measures, we tested the encoding phase through eye-tracker measures and the recalling phase through the free recall span measure. In comparison to the control subjects, the ADHD group showed lower eye-tracker measurements and free recall span. They also showed lower alpha, beta and theta levels than the control group. Only in the efficient encoding, the control and ADHD groups showed similar beta bands. These results suggest that the ADHD group showed a decrease in the power of nearly all bands. 2 Department of Educational Technology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran R.A. Fabio T. Caprì N. Mohammadhasani A. Gangemi A. Gagliano G. Martino 98 Neuropsychological Trends – 24/2018 http://www.ledonline.it/neuropsychologicaltrends/ 98
本研究旨在探讨视觉工作记忆(VWM)阶段，编码和回忆是否可能在注意缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)儿童中受损。第二个目的是测量两种编码类型的脑电图(EEG)相关性:高效编码和低效编码。研究招募了23名患有ADHD的儿童，年龄和性别与23名非ADHD受试者相匹配。参照神经生理学的测量方法，在WMT之前、编码期间和最后在WMT的回忆阶段记录EEG。参照神经心理学的测量方法，采用眼动仪测量编码阶段和自由回忆广度测量回忆阶段。与对照组相比，ADHD组的眼动仪测量值和自由回忆时间都较低。与对照组相比，他们的α、β和α水平也较低。只有在有效编码中，对照组和多动症组显示出相似的β带。这些结果表明，多动症组几乎所有波段的力量都有所下降。2伊朗哈拉兹米大学心理与教育学院教育技术系R.A. Fabio T. Caprì N. Mohammadhasani A. Gangemi A. Gagliano G. Martino 98神经心理学趋势- 24/2018 http://www.ledonline.it/neuropsychologicaltrends/ 98
{"title":"Frequency bands in seeing and remembering: comparing ADHD and typically developing children","authors":"R. Fabio, T. Caprì, N. Mohammadhasani, A. Gangemi, A. Gagliano, G. Martino","doi":"10.7358/NEUR-2018-024-FABI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7358/NEUR-2018-024-FABI","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to examine whether the visual working memory (VWM) phases, encoding and recall, may be impaired in children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The second aim was to measure electroencephalographic (EEG) correlates of two types of encoding: efficient and inefficient encoding. 23 children with ADHD, age and sex matched with 23 non-ADHD subjects, were recruited. With reference to neurophysiological measures, an EEG was recorded before the WMT, during the encoding and finally during the recalling phases of the WMT. With reference to neuropsychological measures, we tested the encoding phase through eye-tracker measures and the recalling phase through the free recall span measure. In comparison to the control subjects, the ADHD group showed lower eye-tracker measurements and free recall span. They also showed lower alpha, beta and theta levels than the control group. Only in the efficient encoding, the control and ADHD groups showed similar beta bands. These results suggest that the ADHD group showed a decrease in the power of nearly all bands. 2 Department of Educational Technology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran R.A. Fabio T. Caprì N. Mohammadhasani A. Gangemi A. Gagliano G. Martino 98 Neuropsychological Trends – 24/2018 http://www.ledonline.it/neuropsychologicaltrends/ 98","PeriodicalId":42015,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychological Trends","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81475445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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