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A Refutation of the Commodity Exploitation Theorem 对商品剥削定理的反驳
Pub Date : 2008-06-09 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-999X.2008.00317.x
T. Fujimoto, Yuki Fujita
This note is to show that the generalized commodity exploitation theorem put forward by Bowles and Gintis and Roemer is nothing but an alternative form of the Hawkins-Simon condition for given technical data, and that it has nothing to do with exploitation. That is, the Hawkins-Simon condition means a mere possibility of an economic system to produce a surplus in each commodity, and as such does not guarantee the existence of positive profits. To consider exploitation or the existence of positive profits, we need to introduce prices at which unequal exchanges may be carried out. Copyright © 2008 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
本文的注释是为了说明Bowles、Gintis和Roemer提出的广义商品剥削定理只不过是给定技术数据的Hawkins-Simon条件的另一种形式,它与剥削无关。也就是说,霍金斯-西蒙条件仅仅意味着一个经济体系在每一种商品中产生盈余的可能性,而这并不能保证正利润的存在。为了考虑剥削或正利润的存在,我们需要引入可以进行不平等交换的价格。版权所有©2008作者。期刊编辑©2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd。
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引用次数: 21
Constructive and Classical Models for Results in Economics and Game Theory 经济学和博弈论结果的建设性和经典模型
Pub Date : 2004-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.0026-1386.2004.00187.X
Kislaya Prasad
A standard approach in economic theory is to use a formal language to prove results about an economy or a game. In this paper, model theory is used to examine interpretations of such results. The particular focus is on constructive theorems, since results established by constructive methods are valid for many different interpretations, whereas classical theorems are valid more narrowly. I discuss why non-classical models may be of interest and also describe applications of model theory to economics in classical contexts, e.g. non-standard analysis. The paper advocates a viewpoint suggesting that constructive models are tools for studying worlds in which agents' knowledge of the world is incomplete. Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2004.
经济学理论的标准方法是使用一种正式的语言来证明经济或游戏的结果。在本文中,模型理论被用来检验这些结果的解释。特别关注的是构造性定理,因为由构造性方法建立的结果对许多不同的解释都有效,而经典定理的有效范围更窄。我讨论了为什么非经典模型可能是有趣的,也描述了模型理论在经典背景下的经济学应用,例如非标准分析。本文提出了一种观点,认为建设性模型是研究主体对世界的知识不完整的世界的工具。版权所有布莱克威尔出版有限公司2004。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Wiley-Blackwell: Metroeconomica
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