The vision of the Internet-of-Things is rapidly changing the way we interact with everyday life objects, which can become not only data producers but also means for displaying information. This paper describes the design and implementation of such an object, a Smart Mirror that can be used to display personalised information to users in its proximity. An Android-based application is used to let users register to the Smart Mirror service, personalise the content they want to display and select whether such contents are public or private. To protect user's privacy and avoiding to disclose sensitive information to potential shoulder-surfers, the system is enriched with a BLE-based presence detection module following a device-free approach (i.e., without making use of any information from devices carried by users), which hides automatically private contents upon the detection of multiple people. The whole system is described in details and its performance are evaluated in realistic environments. In order to allow for reproducible research, the dataset used in this paper is made publicly available.
{"title":"Design and Implementation of a Privacy-Aware Smart Mirror System","authors":"Edoardo Longo, A. Redondi, M. Cesana","doi":"10.1145/3410670.3410859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3410670.3410859","url":null,"abstract":"The vision of the Internet-of-Things is rapidly changing the way we interact with everyday life objects, which can become not only data producers but also means for displaying information. This paper describes the design and implementation of such an object, a Smart Mirror that can be used to display personalised information to users in its proximity. An Android-based application is used to let users register to the Smart Mirror service, personalise the content they want to display and select whether such contents are public or private. To protect user's privacy and avoiding to disclose sensitive information to potential shoulder-surfers, the system is enriched with a BLE-based presence detection module following a device-free approach (i.e., without making use of any information from devices carried by users), which hides automatically private contents upon the detection of multiple people. The whole system is described in details and its performance are evaluated in realistic environments. In order to allow for reproducible research, the dataset used in this paper is made publicly available.","PeriodicalId":435839,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Experiences with the Design and Implementation of Frugal Smart Objects","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127667051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, there has been a lot of talk about Frugal services, that is, services that use existing technologies for a purpose other than the one for which they were designed. In this paper, we study whether the IoT wearable environment can be a fertile ground for the production of Frugal services. Through a real-world study, we investigate whether these devices are widespread, if there are obstacles that limit their diffusion, if the sensors they are equipped with are deemed reliable and, finally, if people who own them have an altruistic propensity or not. The results, from the frugal point of view, are encouraging: the IoT wearable environment seems to be pervasive enough and ubiquitous, without great obstacles for their adoption. The provided sensors seem to be generally reliable, whereas the altruistic propensity might be questioned: in general, people are not inclined to share, but if the goal is clear (in our case we hypothesized a fight against Covid-19), altruistic propensity grows a lot.
{"title":"Can IoT Wearable Devices Feed Frugal Innovation?","authors":"M. Furini, S. Mirri, M. Montangero, Catia Prandi","doi":"10.1145/3410670.3410861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3410670.3410861","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, there has been a lot of talk about Frugal services, that is, services that use existing technologies for a purpose other than the one for which they were designed. In this paper, we study whether the IoT wearable environment can be a fertile ground for the production of Frugal services. Through a real-world study, we investigate whether these devices are widespread, if there are obstacles that limit their diffusion, if the sensors they are equipped with are deemed reliable and, finally, if people who own them have an altruistic propensity or not. The results, from the frugal point of view, are encouraging: the IoT wearable environment seems to be pervasive enough and ubiquitous, without great obstacles for their adoption. The provided sensors seem to be generally reliable, whereas the altruistic propensity might be questioned: in general, people are not inclined to share, but if the goal is clear (in our case we hypothesized a fight against Covid-19), altruistic propensity grows a lot.","PeriodicalId":435839,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Experiences with the Design and Implementation of Frugal Smart Objects","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132171619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giacomo Fornari, Riccardo Minato, G. Pilotto, C. Palazzi
This paper illustrates a possible solution to monitor humidity and temperature in indoor scenarios where it is crucial to maintain their values between predefined thresholds (e.g., museums). The system architecture is composed of wireless sensors, a gateway also including a wireless receiver and a Raspberry PI, a cloud database and a user interface. We illustrate how our system can be implemented following a frugal innovation approach, using non expensive wireless sensors and weather stations to create a cloud IoT real-time infrastructure.
{"title":"Applying Frugal Innovation to Humidity and Temperature Monitoring","authors":"Giacomo Fornari, Riccardo Minato, G. Pilotto, C. Palazzi","doi":"10.1145/3410670.3410860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3410670.3410860","url":null,"abstract":"This paper illustrates a possible solution to monitor humidity and temperature in indoor scenarios where it is crucial to maintain their values between predefined thresholds (e.g., museums). The system architecture is composed of wireless sensors, a gateway also including a wireless receiver and a Raspberry PI, a cloud database and a user interface. We illustrate how our system can be implemented following a frugal innovation approach, using non expensive wireless sensors and weather stations to create a cloud IoT real-time infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":435839,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Experiences with the Design and Implementation of Frugal Smart Objects","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124330427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kiyoshy Nakamura, Pietro Manzoni, Marco Zennaro, Juan-Carlos Cano, Carlos T. Calafate, José M. Cecilia
The growing connection between the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) poses many challenges that require novel approaches and even a rethinking of the entire communication and processing architecture to meet new requirements for latency, reliability, power consumption and resource usage. Edge computing is a promising approach to meet these challenges that can also be beneficial in delivering advanced AI-based IoT solutions in areas where connectivity is scarce and resources are generally limited. In this paper, we introduce an edge/fog generic architecture to allow the adoption of edge solutions in IoT deployments in poorly connected and resource limited scenarios. To this end, we integrate, using microservices, an MQTT based system that can collect ingress data, handle their persistency, and coordinate data integration with the cloud using a specific service called aggregator. The edge stations have a dedicated channel with the aggregator based on LoRa to enable long-range transmissions with low power consumption. Some details of the implementation aspects are described along with some preliminary results. Initial testing of the architecture indicates that it is flexible and robust enough to become an alternative for the deployment of advanced IoT services in resource-constrained contexts.
{"title":"FUDGE","authors":"Kiyoshy Nakamura, Pietro Manzoni, Marco Zennaro, Juan-Carlos Cano, Carlos T. Calafate, José M. Cecilia","doi":"10.1145/3410670.3410857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3410670.3410857","url":null,"abstract":"The growing connection between the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) poses many challenges that require novel approaches and even a rethinking of the entire communication and processing architecture to meet new requirements for latency, reliability, power consumption and resource usage. Edge computing is a promising approach to meet these challenges that can also be beneficial in delivering advanced AI-based IoT solutions in areas where connectivity is scarce and resources are generally limited. In this paper, we introduce an edge/fog generic architecture to allow the adoption of edge solutions in IoT deployments in poorly connected and resource limited scenarios. To this end, we integrate, using microservices, an MQTT based system that can collect ingress data, handle their persistency, and coordinate data integration with the cloud using a specific service called aggregator. The edge stations have a dedicated channel with the aggregator based on LoRa to enable long-range transmissions with low power consumption. Some details of the implementation aspects are described along with some preliminary results. Initial testing of the architecture indicates that it is flexible and robust enough to become an alternative for the deployment of advanced IoT services in resource-constrained contexts.","PeriodicalId":435839,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Experiences with the Design and Implementation of Frugal Smart Objects","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130700238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To make smart cities more sustainable, and technologies and smart services accessible to a broader range of people, the frugal innovation paradigm comes in handy. In such a scenario, an interesting issue to investigate is gardening (both home and community gardening), considered a possibility toward sustainable development and environmental resilience. Following this line of thought, in this paper, we present our system, called FruGar (frugal gardening), designed and developed to facilitate casual citizens while gardening. In particular, our approach takes advantage of machine learning and crowdsourcing to provide casual citizens with a frugal tool for plant disease detection.
{"title":"FruGar","authors":"C. Ceccarini, Giovanni Delnevo, Catia Prandi","doi":"10.1145/3410670.3410862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3410670.3410862","url":null,"abstract":"To make smart cities more sustainable, and technologies and smart services accessible to a broader range of people, the frugal innovation paradigm comes in handy. In such a scenario, an interesting issue to investigate is gardening (both home and community gardening), considered a possibility toward sustainable development and environmental resilience. Following this line of thought, in this paper, we present our system, called FruGar (frugal gardening), designed and developed to facilitate casual citizens while gardening. In particular, our approach takes advantage of machine learning and crowdsourcing to provide casual citizens with a frugal tool for plant disease detection.","PeriodicalId":435839,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Experiences with the Design and Implementation of Frugal Smart Objects","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121779949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salahadin Seid, M. Zennaro, M. Libsie, E. Pietrosemoli
Road surface monitoring is a critical activity in road transport infrastructure management. In this paper, we present a mobile crowd-sensing based road surface monitoring using Smartphone sensors and a LoRaWAN network. Using the accelerometer and GPS sensors of the Smartphone, it's possible to measure vibration and where it happens, enabling the generation of reports of road conditions and anomalies. These reports can be transmitted by low-cost, low-power and secure communication links provided by the LoRaWAN network infrastructure thus saving the added cost of transmitting them over the cellular network. We focus on monitoring the asphalt road surface using a machine learning model classifying the vibration generated by vehicles as pothole, speed bump, damaged road or patched road. As proof of concept, we developed a mobile application with a built-in machine learning model to detect and classify road condition. To reduce the bandwidth consumption, the application reports only road condition classification instead of sending the raw vibration signal. The main objective is to reduce the burden of manual inspection and measurement while minimizing communication cost. Our approach was tested and evaluated by real-world experiments in a road segment.
{"title":"Mobile Crowdsensing Based Road Surface Monitoring Using Smartphone Vibration Sensor and Lorawan","authors":"Salahadin Seid, M. Zennaro, M. Libsie, E. Pietrosemoli","doi":"10.1145/3410670.3410858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3410670.3410858","url":null,"abstract":"Road surface monitoring is a critical activity in road transport infrastructure management. In this paper, we present a mobile crowd-sensing based road surface monitoring using Smartphone sensors and a LoRaWAN network. Using the accelerometer and GPS sensors of the Smartphone, it's possible to measure vibration and where it happens, enabling the generation of reports of road conditions and anomalies. These reports can be transmitted by low-cost, low-power and secure communication links provided by the LoRaWAN network infrastructure thus saving the added cost of transmitting them over the cellular network. We focus on monitoring the asphalt road surface using a machine learning model classifying the vibration generated by vehicles as pothole, speed bump, damaged road or patched road. As proof of concept, we developed a mobile application with a built-in machine learning model to detect and classify road condition. To reduce the bandwidth consumption, the application reports only road condition classification instead of sending the raw vibration signal. The main objective is to reduce the burden of manual inspection and measurement while minimizing communication cost. Our approach was tested and evaluated by real-world experiments in a road segment.","PeriodicalId":435839,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Experiences with the Design and Implementation of Frugal Smart Objects","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132411573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Zennaro, E. Pietrosemoli, Marco Rainone, D. Trinchero, Mattia Poletti, G. Colucci
With the growth of LoRa deployments there are plenty of anecdotal reports of very long wireless links, well beyond the line of sight. Most reports suggest that these links are related to anomalous tropo-spheric propagation. We developed a platform to study tropospheric links based on TheThingsNetwork, a popular LoRaWAN-based infrastructure. We present some preliminary results and call for the IoT community to participate in this radio propagation experiment.
{"title":"TROPPO LoRa: TROPospheric Personal Observatory using LoRa signals","authors":"M. Zennaro, E. Pietrosemoli, Marco Rainone, D. Trinchero, Mattia Poletti, G. Colucci","doi":"10.1145/3410670.3410856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3410670.3410856","url":null,"abstract":"With the growth of LoRa deployments there are plenty of anecdotal reports of very long wireless links, well beyond the line of sight. Most reports suggest that these links are related to anomalous tropo-spheric propagation. We developed a platform to study tropospheric links based on TheThingsNetwork, a popular LoRaWAN-based infrastructure. We present some preliminary results and call for the IoT community to participate in this radio propagation experiment.","PeriodicalId":435839,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Experiences with the Design and Implementation of Frugal Smart Objects","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122836077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Experiences with the Design and Implementation of Frugal Smart Objects","authors":"","doi":"10.1145/3410670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3410670","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":435839,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Experiences with the Design and Implementation of Frugal Smart Objects","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128659733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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