Andreas Kohne, Marcel Krüger, Marco Pfahlberg, O. Spinczyk, Lars Nagel
In recent years, cloud federations have gained popularity. Small as well as big cloud service providers (CSPs) join federations to reduce their costs, and also cloud management software like OpenStack offers support for federations. In a federation, individual CSPs cooperate such that they can move load to partner clouds at high peaks and possibly offer a wider range of services to their customers. Research in this area addresses the organization of such federations and strategies that CSPs can apply to increase their profit. In this paper we present the latest extensions to the FederatedCloudSim framework that considerably improve the simulation and evaluation of cloud federations. These simulations include service-level agreements (SLAs), scheduling and brokering strategies on various levels, the use of real-world cloud workload traces and a fine-grained financial evaluation using the new CloudAccount module. We use FederatedCloudSim to compare scheduling and brokering strategies on the federation level. Among them are new strategies that conduct auctions or consult a reliance factor to select an appropriate federated partner for running outsourced virtual machines. Our results show that choosing the right strategy has a significant impact on SLA compliance and revenue.
{"title":"Financial Evaluation of SLA-based VM Scheduling Strategies for Cloud Federations","authors":"Andreas Kohne, Marcel Krüger, Marco Pfahlberg, O. Spinczyk, Lars Nagel","doi":"10.1145/3069383.3069384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3069383.3069384","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, cloud federations have gained popularity. Small as well as big cloud service providers (CSPs) join federations to reduce their costs, and also cloud management software like OpenStack offers support for federations. In a federation, individual CSPs cooperate such that they can move load to partner clouds at high peaks and possibly offer a wider range of services to their customers. Research in this area addresses the organization of such federations and strategies that CSPs can apply to increase their profit. In this paper we present the latest extensions to the FederatedCloudSim framework that considerably improve the simulation and evaluation of cloud federations. These simulations include service-level agreements (SLAs), scheduling and brokering strategies on various levels, the use of real-world cloud workload traces and a fine-grained financial evaluation using the new CloudAccount module. We use FederatedCloudSim to compare scheduling and brokering strategies on the federation level. Among them are new strategies that conduct auctions or consult a reliance factor to select an appropriate federated partner for running outsourced virtual machines. Our results show that choosing the right strategy has a significant impact on SLA compliance and revenue.","PeriodicalId":445825,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on CrossCloud Infrastructures & Platforms","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117060632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Container based virtualization techniques are playing a more and more important role in cloud and service oriented computing. Technologies, such as Docker, enable the development and deployment of new and especially light weight applications and allow for a more cloud provider independent operation. Even though cloud infrastructure and containers offer many advantages, both technologies have yet to be widely utilized in the field of High Performance Computing. In this paper we present Fe2vCl2, a framework for enabling HPC applications on common cloud infrastructure. Using Docker to integrate it into cloud environments, our framework allows the on-demand deployment of virtual clusters for the parallel execution of HPC applications. We describe our overall application architecture along with the advantages of both technologies, especially with regard to HPC applications. In order to verify our implementation we evaluate it using different HPC applications and benchmarks.
{"title":"Fe2vCl2: From Bare Metal to High Performance Computing on Virtual Clusters and Cloud Infrastructure","authors":"Alexander Ditter, G. Graf, D. Fey","doi":"10.1145/3069383.3069386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3069383.3069386","url":null,"abstract":"Container based virtualization techniques are playing a more and more important role in cloud and service oriented computing. Technologies, such as Docker, enable the development and deployment of new and especially light weight applications and allow for a more cloud provider independent operation. Even though cloud infrastructure and containers offer many advantages, both technologies have yet to be widely utilized in the field of High Performance Computing. In this paper we present Fe2vCl2, a framework for enabling HPC applications on common cloud infrastructure. Using Docker to integrate it into cloud environments, our framework allows the on-demand deployment of virtual clusters for the parallel execution of HPC applications. We describe our overall application architecture along with the advantages of both technologies, especially with regard to HPC applications. In order to verify our implementation we evaluate it using different HPC applications and benchmarks.","PeriodicalId":445825,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on CrossCloud Infrastructures & Platforms","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128315959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nitinder Mohan, Pengyuan Zhou, Keerthana Govindaraj, J. Kangasharju
Edge-Fog clouds provide an attractive platform for bringing data processing closer to its source in a networked environment. In this paper we extend our work on Edge-Fog clouds and to an industrial automation scenario, where we show how grouping of computational data in resource caches lowers network traffic and shortens application-experienced latency. Our preliminary results are promising and in our future work we plan to evaluate more realistic scenarios and apply the solutions in real industrial automation cases.
{"title":"Grouping Computational Data in Resource Caches of Edge-Fog Cloud","authors":"Nitinder Mohan, Pengyuan Zhou, Keerthana Govindaraj, J. Kangasharju","doi":"10.1145/3069383.3069391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3069383.3069391","url":null,"abstract":"Edge-Fog clouds provide an attractive platform for bringing data processing closer to its source in a networked environment. In this paper we extend our work on Edge-Fog clouds and to an industrial automation scenario, where we show how grouping of computational data in resource caches lowers network traffic and shortens application-experienced latency. Our preliminary results are promising and in our future work we plan to evaluate more realistic scenarios and apply the solutions in real industrial automation cases.","PeriodicalId":445825,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on CrossCloud Infrastructures & Platforms","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124409069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rafique, D. Landuyt, Vincent Reniers, W. Joosen
A multi-cloud storage architecture combines different storage technologies and resources from multiple clouds. As it allows application providers to manage the risks associated to technology or vendor lock-in, provider reliability, data security, privacy, it is an increasingly popular tactic for designing the storage tier of cloud-based applications. Multi-cloud storage architectures are however prone to run-time dynamicity: many dynamic properties impact the way such a setup is governed and evolved over time, e.g., storage providers enter or leave the market; pricing policies, QoS metrics and SLA guarantees change over time; etc. This paper provides an in-depth discussion of this complexity, and sketches our architectural vision of self-adaptive middleware solutions that monitor and change the storage architecture (semi-)autonomously. We highlight two areas of ongoing and future research that deserve specific attention: (i) systematically monitoring the storage systems, despite heterogeneity, and (ii) providing uniform methods and techniques to change and control the different storage resources dynamically.
{"title":"Towards an Adaptive Middleware for Efficient Multi-Cloud Data Storage","authors":"A. Rafique, D. Landuyt, Vincent Reniers, W. Joosen","doi":"10.1145/3069383.3069387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3069383.3069387","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-cloud storage architecture combines different storage technologies and resources from multiple clouds. As it allows application providers to manage the risks associated to technology or vendor lock-in, provider reliability, data security, privacy, it is an increasingly popular tactic for designing the storage tier of cloud-based applications. Multi-cloud storage architectures are however prone to run-time dynamicity: many dynamic properties impact the way such a setup is governed and evolved over time, e.g., storage providers enter or leave the market; pricing policies, QoS metrics and SLA guarantees change over time; etc. This paper provides an in-depth discussion of this complexity, and sketches our architectural vision of self-adaptive middleware solutions that monitor and change the storage architecture (semi-)autonomously. We highlight two areas of ongoing and future research that deserve specific attention: (i) systematically monitoring the storage systems, despite heterogeneity, and (ii) providing uniform methods and techniques to change and control the different storage resources dynamically.","PeriodicalId":445825,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on CrossCloud Infrastructures & Platforms","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114340406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The management of cloud infrastructures became a lot more difficult in course of last years due to the growing demand for high quality of cloud services. The lack of the ability to adapt the existing services to the dynamically changing demand from users' side yields problems of the quality of the provided services. In the poster, we present a novel decentralized architecture and approach for automatic cloud resources management under QoS requirements and budget constraints. The proposed architecture is aimed at dynamically adapting cloud application deployment on different levels of cloud infrastructure in order to meet QoS requirements and to reduce cost of cloud services.
{"title":"QoS-based Cloud Application Management: Approach and Architecture","authors":"Vladimir Podolskiy, M. Gerndt, S. Benedict","doi":"10.1145/3069383.3069390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3069383.3069390","url":null,"abstract":"The management of cloud infrastructures became a lot more difficult in course of last years due to the growing demand for high quality of cloud services. The lack of the ability to adapt the existing services to the dynamically changing demand from users' side yields problems of the quality of the provided services. In the poster, we present a novel decentralized architecture and approach for automatic cloud resources management under QoS requirements and budget constraints. The proposed architecture is aimed at dynamically adapting cloud application deployment on different levels of cloud infrastructure in order to meet QoS requirements and to reduce cost of cloud services.","PeriodicalId":445825,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on CrossCloud Infrastructures & Platforms","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116386895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarang Kahvazadeh, Vitor Barbosa C. Souza, X. Masip-Bruin, E. Marín-Tordera, Jordi García, Rodrigo Díaz
Future IoT services execution may benefit from combining resources at cloud and at the edge. To that end, new architectures should be proposed to handle IoT services in a coordinated way at either the edge of the network, the cloud, or both. Reacting to that need, the Fog-to-Cloud concept has been recently proposed. A key aspect in the F2C design refers to security, since F2C raises security issues besides those yet unsolved in fog and cloud. Thus, we envision the need for new security strategies to handle all components in the F2C architecture. In this paper we propose an SDN-based (mater/slave) security architecture leveraging a centralized controller on the cloud, and distributed controllers at the edge of the network. We argue that the proposed architecture brings more security and privacy to the cloud users by reducing the distance between them and, therefore, reducing the risks of the so called man-in-the-middle attacks. The proposed security architecture is analyzed in some critical infrastructure scenarios in order to illustrate their potential benefits.
{"title":"Securing combined Fog-to-Cloud system Through SDN Approach","authors":"Sarang Kahvazadeh, Vitor Barbosa C. Souza, X. Masip-Bruin, E. Marín-Tordera, Jordi García, Rodrigo Díaz","doi":"10.1145/3069383.3069385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3069383.3069385","url":null,"abstract":"Future IoT services execution may benefit from combining resources at cloud and at the edge. To that end, new architectures should be proposed to handle IoT services in a coordinated way at either the edge of the network, the cloud, or both. Reacting to that need, the Fog-to-Cloud concept has been recently proposed. A key aspect in the F2C design refers to security, since F2C raises security issues besides those yet unsolved in fog and cloud. Thus, we envision the need for new security strategies to handle all components in the F2C architecture. In this paper we propose an SDN-based (mater/slave) security architecture leveraging a centralized controller on the cloud, and distributed controllers at the edge of the network. We argue that the proposed architecture brings more security and privacy to the cloud users by reducing the distance between them and, therefore, reducing the risks of the so called man-in-the-middle attacks. The proposed security architecture is analyzed in some critical infrastructure scenarios in order to illustrate their potential benefits.","PeriodicalId":445825,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on CrossCloud Infrastructures & Platforms","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122244880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessio Silvestro, R. Bifulco, Fabian Schneider, Xiaoming Fu, J. Kangasharju
In-network services, often implemented using middleboxes, are key components of today's network applications (e.g., CDN, antiviruses, proxies, etc.). Current solutions for the selection of a serving middebox assume the presence of a single middlebox on the end-to-end network path, leading to not optimal solutions in terms of network performance when multiple middleboxes are inserted i.e., multiple parties are involved. This paper highlights the cost of a non-optimized middlebox selection strategy and suggests directions for further investigation.
{"title":"Is today's DNS the right solution for middleboxes selection?","authors":"Alessio Silvestro, R. Bifulco, Fabian Schneider, Xiaoming Fu, J. Kangasharju","doi":"10.1145/3069383.3069389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3069383.3069389","url":null,"abstract":"In-network services, often implemented using middleboxes, are key components of today's network applications (e.g., CDN, antiviruses, proxies, etc.). Current solutions for the selection of a serving middebox assume the presence of a single middlebox on the end-to-end network path, leading to not optimal solutions in terms of network performance when multiple middleboxes are inserted i.e., multiple parties are involved. This paper highlights the cost of a non-optimized middlebox selection strategy and suggests directions for further investigation.","PeriodicalId":445825,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on CrossCloud Infrastructures & Platforms","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115655039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joaquim Silva, Daniel Silva, Eduardo R. B. Marques, Luís M. B. Lopes, Fernando M A Silva
We address the problem of whether networks of mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets can be used to perform opportunistic, best-effort, parallel computations. We designed and implemented P3-Mobile, a parallel programming system for edge-clouds of Android devices to test the feasibility of this idea. P3-Mobile comes with a programming model that supports parallel computations over peer-to-peer overlays mapped onto mobile networks. The system performs automatic load-balancing by using the overlay to discover work. We present preliminary performance results for a parallel benchmark, using up to 16 devices, and discuss their implications towards future work.
{"title":"P3-Mobile: Parallel Computing for Mobile Edge-Clouds","authors":"Joaquim Silva, Daniel Silva, Eduardo R. B. Marques, Luís M. B. Lopes, Fernando M A Silva","doi":"10.1145/3069383.3069388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3069383.3069388","url":null,"abstract":"We address the problem of whether networks of mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets can be used to perform opportunistic, best-effort, parallel computations. We designed and implemented P3-Mobile, a parallel programming system for edge-clouds of Android devices to test the feasibility of this idea. P3-Mobile comes with a programming model that supports parallel computations over peer-to-peer overlays mapped onto mobile networks. The system performs automatic load-balancing by using the overlay to discover work. We present preliminary performance results for a parallel benchmark, using up to 16 devices, and discuss their implications towards future work.","PeriodicalId":445825,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on CrossCloud Infrastructures & Platforms","volume":"17 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125050892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on CrossCloud Infrastructures & Platforms","authors":"","doi":"10.1145/3069383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3069383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":445825,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on CrossCloud Infrastructures & Platforms","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129180105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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