Pub Date : 2019-08-06DOI: 10.4135/9781483317731.n166
J. Ellens
This chapter studies Jacob Sasportas's The Fading Flower of the Zevi within the context of Jewish responses to Christianity. Unlike the overwhelming majority of Sephardim in northwestern Europe, Sasportas had little to say about Christianity for much of his life. This changed dramatically in 1665–1666 when he made a pointed analogy between the followers of Sabbetai Zevi and the early followers of Jesus. Sabbetai Zevi and the Sabbatian movement forced Sasportas to confront Christianity. The emergence of a contemporary Jewish heresy—for no actual social distinctions divided “believers” from “unbelievers” in the early stages of the movement—propelled him to reimagine Christianity, which he now described as a heretical or ideological offshoot of ancient Judaism. Sasportas's turn to Christianity was not at all directed at learned Protestant readers in contemporary Hamburg or Amsterdam. Rather, it was an attempt to convince his fellow Jews that the figure they had embraced as the Messiah was closer to Jesus than to the redeemer envisioned in the final chapters of Maimonides's Code. Religious belief threatened the inviolate status of the law and, therefore, undermined the social authority of the one who determined the law: the rabbi.
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Pub Date : 2018-09-20DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198829492.003.0006
Jon Stewart
Hegel treats Hinduism under the title “The Religion of Imagination” or, with another translation, “The Religion of Fantasy.” Hegel’s study of Hinduism came during the period when there was a rapidly growing interest in India, indeed, an Indomania, in the German-speaking world, which included figures such as Friedrich von Schlegel, August Wilhelm von Schlegel, Novalis, Jean Paul, Goethe, Bettina von Arnim, Heinrich Heine, Christian Gottlob Heyne, and E.T.A. Hoffmann. An account is given of the rise of Indology in Great Britain, France, and the German States with a special eye towards the sources of Hegel’s information. The main analysis explores Hegel’s critical treatment of the Hindu gods, Brahmā, Vishnu, and Shiva, and the religious practices associated with them. Despite the fact that the Hindus have with these three gods a kind of trinity, Hegel argues that this is fundamentally different from the true speculative Trinity of Christian dogma.
{"title":"Hinduism","authors":"Jon Stewart","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198829492.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829492.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Hegel treats Hinduism under the title “The Religion of Imagination” or, with another translation, “The Religion of Fantasy.” Hegel’s study of Hinduism came during the period when there was a rapidly growing interest in India, indeed, an Indomania, in the German-speaking world, which included figures such as Friedrich von Schlegel, August Wilhelm von Schlegel, Novalis, Jean Paul, Goethe, Bettina von Arnim, Heinrich Heine, Christian Gottlob Heyne, and E.T.A. Hoffmann. An account is given of the rise of Indology in Great Britain, France, and the German States with a special eye towards the sources of Hegel’s information. The main analysis explores Hegel’s critical treatment of the Hindu gods, Brahmā, Vishnu, and Shiva, and the religious practices associated with them. Despite the fact that the Hindus have with these three gods a kind of trinity, Hegel argues that this is fundamentally different from the true speculative Trinity of Christian dogma.","PeriodicalId":447666,"journal":{"name":"Making Sense of the Sacred","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125169147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jainism came into prominence in 6 century B.C., when Lord Mahavira propagated the religion. There were 24 great teachers, the last of whom was Lord Mahavira. These twenty-four teachers were called Tirthankaras-people who had attained all knowledge (Moksha) while living and preached it to the people. The first Tirthankara was Rishabnatha. The word ‘Jain’ is derived from jina or jaina which means the ‘Conqueror’. Cause of Origin Hinduism had become rigid and orthodox with complex rituals and the dominance of Brahmanas. Varna system divided the society into 4 classes based on birth, where the two higher classes enjoy several privileges. Kshatriyas' reaction against the domination of the Brahmanas. Spread of new agricultural economy in north-eastern India due to the use of iron tools.
{"title":"Jainism","authors":"Swāmi Prabhavananda","doi":"10.2307/j.ctt1tm7gnj.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1tm7gnj.17","url":null,"abstract":"Jainism came into prominence in 6 century B.C., when Lord Mahavira propagated the religion. There were 24 great teachers, the last of whom was Lord Mahavira. These twenty-four teachers were called Tirthankaras-people who had attained all knowledge (Moksha) while living and preached it to the people. The first Tirthankara was Rishabnatha. The word ‘Jain’ is derived from jina or jaina which means the ‘Conqueror’. Cause of Origin Hinduism had become rigid and orthodox with complex rituals and the dominance of Brahmanas. Varna system divided the society into 4 classes based on birth, where the two higher classes enjoy several privileges. Kshatriyas' reaction against the domination of the Brahmanas. Spread of new agricultural economy in north-eastern India due to the use of iron tools.","PeriodicalId":447666,"journal":{"name":"Making Sense of the Sacred","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127097165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conclusion:","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv17vf47z.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv17vf47z.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":447666,"journal":{"name":"Making Sense of the Sacred","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123804136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is a straightforwardly-designed survey of themes in traditional Chinese, Korean, and Japanese religions, with a special emphasis on 6 key themes: ancestors, self-cultivation, festival, sagehood, religion-state relations, and religion and food. Because it is taught for theological students, it includes theological as well as historical and anthropological questions and concerns, and also makes room for the exploration of East Asian Christian movements as well as AsianAmerican religious expressions, including Christian ones. Essential to the course's design is the assumption that neither a blow-by-blow historical survey nor a "tradition per week" survey will adequately convey the richness and interrelatedness of these religious cultures -hence the focus on theme, rather than chronology or "tradition." Historical and cultural backgrounds are provided, however, in weekly lectures which preface the completion of assigned readings.
{"title":"East Asian Religions","authors":"Jeffrey L. Richey, Berea","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv17vf47z.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv17vf47z.14","url":null,"abstract":"This is a straightforwardly-designed survey of themes in traditional Chinese, Korean, and Japanese religions, with a special emphasis on 6 key themes: ancestors, self-cultivation, festival, sagehood, religion-state relations, and religion and food. Because it is taught for theological students, it includes theological as well as historical and anthropological questions and concerns, and also makes room for the exploration of East Asian Christian movements as well as AsianAmerican religious expressions, including Christian ones. Essential to the course's design is the assumption that neither a blow-by-blow historical survey nor a \"tradition per week\" survey will adequately convey the richness and interrelatedness of these religious cultures -hence the focus on theme, rather than chronology or \"tradition.\" Historical and cultural backgrounds are provided, however, in weekly lectures which preface the completion of assigned readings.","PeriodicalId":447666,"journal":{"name":"Making Sense of the Sacred","volume":"122 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129116064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Religious Trilemma:","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv17vf47z.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv17vf47z.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":447666,"journal":{"name":"Making Sense of the Sacred","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128123258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv17vf47z.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv17vf47z.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":447666,"journal":{"name":"Making Sense of the Sacred","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127891785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zoroastrianism and the Abrahamic Faiths","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv17vf47z.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv17vf47z.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":447666,"journal":{"name":"Making Sense of the Sacred","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133073438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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