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Supersession and Superseded Causes in Aristotle 亚里斯多德的取代和被取代的原因
1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.1163/15685284-bja10076
Frank A. Lewis
Abstract Aristotle’s theory of causes requires a first, unmoved mover outside the sublunary world, along with soul as first and unmoved mover in the natural world below. Aristotle separates the charmed group of causes headed by soul that are jointly sufficient for typical animal behaviour from external causes. The border between external and charmed is permeable: crops growing in the field are co-opted to become an instrument of soul that nourishes the animal. (Instruments of soul like the sumphuton pneuma are internal to the animal from the start.) But no causes, not even the Unmoved Mover, may supersede soul as unmoved mover.
亚里士多德的原因理论要求在地下世界之外有一个首要的、不动的推动者,而在下面的自然世界中,灵魂也是首要的、不动的推动者。亚里士多德将以灵魂为首的迷人的一组原因与外部原因分开,这些原因共同足以导致典型的动物行为。外部和迷人之间的边界是可渗透的:在田地里生长的作物被选为滋养动物的灵魂工具。(像sumphuton pneuma这样的灵魂乐器从一开始就存在于动物体内。)但是,任何原因,甚至是不动的动因,都不能取代灵魂作为不动的动因。
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引用次数: 0
The First Square of Opposition 第一个对方
1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.1163/15685284-bja10078
Ryan Christensen
Abstract It has become an article of faith among historians of logic that the square of opposition diagram is due not to Aristotle, but to Apuleius. I examine three Aristotelian texts and argue that Prior Analytics I.46 contains a square of opposition, making Aristotle the discoverer of the diagram.
对角图的平方不是亚里士多德提出的,而是阿普列乌斯提出的,这已经成为逻辑史家的信条。我研究了三个亚里士多德的文本,并认为《先验分析》I.46包含一个对立线,使亚里士多德成为图表的发现者。
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引用次数: 0
Only Half the Truth. Proclus on Aristotle’s Deficient Metaphysics 只有一半的事实。论亚里士多德的缺陷形而上学
1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.1163/15685284-bja10077
Rareș Ilie Marinescu
Abstract In this paper I argue that Proclus’ criticism of the causality of Aristotle’s intellect is part of a general attack on Aristotle’s metaphysics. I show how Proclus criticises Aristotle for rejecting the One as a metaphysical principle and the metaphysical confusion that arises from this. Additionally, I claim that for Proclus Aristotle’s understanding of efficient causality differs from Plato’s and I discuss two of his arguments that Aristotle should have accepted the intellect as an efficient cause. As I show throughout, Proclus differs in his approach to Aristotle from the harmonising agenda of Ammonius and Simplicius.
本文认为,普罗克劳斯对亚里士多德理智的因果性的批判是对亚里士多德形而上学的普遍攻击的一部分。我将展示普罗克卢斯如何批评亚里士多德拒绝“一”作为形而上学原则,以及由此产生的形而上学混乱。此外,我认为亚里士多德对有效因果关系的理解与柏拉图的不同,我还讨论了他的两个论点,即亚里士多德应该接受智力作为有效原因。正如我在整个过程中所展示的,普罗克劳斯对亚里士多德的态度不同于阿蒙纽斯和辛普利修斯的协调议程。
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引用次数: 0
The Cyrenaics on the Premeditation of Future Evils 昔兰尼派论对未来罪恶的预谋
1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.1163/15685284-bja10075
Isabelle Chouinard
Abstract In Book 3 of the Tusculans , Cicero reports that the Cyrenaics practised the premeditation of future evils. This article focuses on the philosophical consistency of this exercise with other Cyrenaic testimonies. It argues for the authenticity of Cicero’s report and provides a critical survey of previous attempts to reconstruct the theory underlying Cyrenaic premeditation, which addresses crucial questions about the management of future pleasures and pains, and the duration of affections. New evidence from Diogenes Laertius 2.94 is then used to support an alternative interpretation of the Cyrenaic praemeditatio malorum .
在《图斯库兰人》第三卷中,西塞罗写道昔兰尼人对未来的灾祸进行了预先的准备。这篇文章的重点是这个练习与其他昔兰尼证词的哲学一致性。它论证了西塞罗报告的真实性,并对先前重建昔兰尼人预谋理论的尝试进行了批判性的调查,该理论解决了有关未来快乐和痛苦的管理以及情感持续时间的关键问题。然后,第欧根尼·拉尔提乌斯2.94的新证据被用来支持昔兰尼人的preemeditatio malorum的另一种解释。
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引用次数: 0
Front matter 前页
1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1163/15685284-06801000
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引用次数: 0
Pores and Void in Asclepiades' Physical Theory. 阿斯克勒庇阿德物理理论中的孔隙与虚空。
IF 0.6 1区 哲学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1163/156852812X629005
David Leith

This paper examines a fundamental, though relatively understudied, aspect of the physical theory of the physician Asclepiades of Bithynia, namely his doctrine of pores. My principal thesis is that this doctrine is dependent on a conception of void taken directly from Epicurean physics. The paper falls into two parts: the first half addresses the evidence for the presence of void in Asclepiades' theory, and concludes that his conception of void was basically that of Epicurus; the second half focuses on the precise nature of Asclepiadean pores, and seeks to show that they represent void interstices between the primary particles of matter which are the constituents of the human body, and are thus exactly analogous to the void interstices between atoms within solid objects in Epicurus' theory.

本文研究了比西尼亚医生阿斯克勒皮阿德的物理理论中一个基本的方面,即他的孔隙学说,尽管这个方面的研究相对较少。我的主要论点是,这一学说依赖于直接来自伊壁鸠鲁物理学的虚空概念。论文分为两部分:前半部分论述了阿斯克勒庇阿德斯理论中存在虚空的证据,并得出结论认为,他的虚空概念基本上是伊壁鸠鲁的虚空概念;后半部分重点论述了阿斯克勒庇阿德斯孔隙的确切性质,并试图证明它们代表了构成人体的主要物质粒子之间的虚空间隙,因此与伊壁鸠鲁理论中固体物体内部原子之间的虚空间隙完全类似。
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引用次数: 0
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PHRONESIS-A JOURNAL FOR ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY
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