Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0011
{"title":"Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":477221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of late antique, Islamic and Byzantine studies","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0013
Cameron Barnes
This article looks at a famous anecdote in Priskos. According to the historian, Attila possessed a sword sacred to the war-god Ares. The Hunnic ruler is said to have regarded this weapon as a sign of his destiny to conquer the world. However, there is almost nothing in Priskos’ account that makes sense in Hunnic terms. Instead, it reflects contemporary Roman misunderstandings about the Huns and their origins. The tale is a fiction, one almost certainly invented by a Pannonian Roman at Attila’s court.
{"title":"Attila and the Sword of Ares","authors":"Cameron Barnes","doi":"10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0013","url":null,"abstract":"This article looks at a famous anecdote in Priskos. According to the historian, Attila possessed a sword sacred to the war-god Ares. The Hunnic ruler is said to have regarded this weapon as a sign of his destiny to conquer the world. However, there is almost nothing in Priskos’ account that makes sense in Hunnic terms. Instead, it reflects contemporary Roman misunderstandings about the Huns and their origins. The tale is a fiction, one almost certainly invented by a Pannonian Roman at Attila’s court.","PeriodicalId":477221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of late antique, Islamic and Byzantine studies","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0019
Cristina Rognoni
The aim of this paper is to examine the literary and documentary sources produced in the ninth- and tenth-century border contexts of Sicily and Apulia, two western regions still central to imperial policy at the time. The former between Byzantium and Islam, and the latter almost reconquered by Latin Lombards, these regions appear as an excellent field for revisiting the Greek-speaking turn of the empire in the middle centuries. The monolingualism of the state was adapted to the plurilingualism of society by means of various strategies that ensured a long western history for Byzantine Hellenism.
{"title":"Sicily and Southern Italy: A Long-Lasting Byzantine Multilingualism","authors":"Cristina Rognoni","doi":"10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0019","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to examine the literary and documentary sources produced in the ninth- and tenth-century border contexts of Sicily and Apulia, two western regions still central to imperial policy at the time. The former between Byzantium and Islam, and the latter almost reconquered by Latin Lombards, these regions appear as an excellent field for revisiting the Greek-speaking turn of the empire in the middle centuries. The monolingualism of the state was adapted to the plurilingualism of society by means of various strategies that ensured a long western history for Byzantine Hellenism.","PeriodicalId":477221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of late antique, Islamic and Byzantine studies","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0021
Maria Mavroudi
Scholarly demand to re-evaluate underappreciated cultures has grown since the 1980s. This generated a call to re-write the nineteenth-century narrative on the transmission of knowledge from the ancient Near East to the Graeco-Roman, Islamic, Western medieval, and early modern European world. The paper surveys the modern study of Byzantine translations from Arabic into Greek in order to propose a new narrative frame, no longer linear but attentive to continuous and bi-directional contact between medieval civilisations. The paper offers the contact between Byzantium and various parts of the Islamic world as an example. It discusses the presumed insularity of Byzantine literary culture and its relationship with ancient Greek literary heritage. Problems of dating, localising, and socially contextualising the translations (through information on their authors and patrons) are also examined.
{"title":"Byzantine Translations from Arabic into Greek: Old and New Historiography in Confluence and in Conflict","authors":"Maria Mavroudi","doi":"10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Scholarly demand to re-evaluate underappreciated cultures has grown since the 1980s. This generated a call to re-write the nineteenth-century narrative on the transmission of knowledge from the ancient Near East to the Graeco-Roman, Islamic, Western medieval, and early modern European world. The paper surveys the modern study of Byzantine translations from Arabic into Greek in order to propose a new narrative frame, no longer linear but attentive to continuous and bi-directional contact between medieval civilisations. The paper offers the contact between Byzantium and various parts of the Islamic world as an example. It discusses the presumed insularity of Byzantine literary culture and its relationship with ancient Greek literary heritage. Problems of dating, localising, and socially contextualising the translations (through information on their authors and patrons) are also examined.","PeriodicalId":477221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of late antique, Islamic and Byzantine studies","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0017
Ahab Bdaiwi
This article seeks to offer a new reading of how we frame medieval Islamic intellectual traditions in relation to the question of Late Antiquity. It introduces a group of medieval Muslim thinkers, known as the Shiraz Circle, who remain largely unknown to modern scholarship. The main argument is that for these thinkers knowledge of the pre-Islamic past and their Islamic present was mediated by the same lens. The article also examines the main themes in the study of Late Antiquity, such as intellectualism, religion, and philosophy, and the relevance of such themes in medieval Islam.
{"title":"Late Antique Intellectualism in Medieval Islam: The Shiraz Circle and the Revival of Ancient and Islamic Knowledge","authors":"Ahab Bdaiwi","doi":"10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0017","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to offer a new reading of how we frame medieval Islamic intellectual traditions in relation to the question of Late Antiquity. It introduces a group of medieval Muslim thinkers, known as the Shiraz Circle, who remain largely unknown to modern scholarship. The main argument is that for these thinkers knowledge of the pre-Islamic past and their Islamic present was mediated by the same lens. The article also examines the main themes in the study of Late Antiquity, such as intellectualism, religion, and philosophy, and the relevance of such themes in medieval Islam.","PeriodicalId":477221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of late antique, Islamic and Byzantine studies","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0018
Arietta Papaconstantinou
This introductory essay discusses the historiographical background of Byzantine multilingualism against which the contributions that follow can be read. It focuses at more length on Gilbert Dagron’s ‘Le pluralisme linguistique à Byzance’, which remained until recently the only proper exploration of the subject, and argues that it reflects a concept of the Byzantine empire that differs in significant ways from that proposed by other scholars, including the contributors to this issue.
{"title":"Byzantine Linguistic Pluralism Revisited: An Introductory Essay","authors":"Arietta Papaconstantinou","doi":"10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0018","url":null,"abstract":"This introductory essay discusses the historiographical background of Byzantine multilingualism against which the contributions that follow can be read. It focuses at more length on Gilbert Dagron’s ‘Le pluralisme linguistique à Byzance’, which remained until recently the only proper exploration of the subject, and argues that it reflects a concept of the Byzantine empire that differs in significant ways from that proposed by other scholars, including the contributors to this issue.","PeriodicalId":477221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of late antique, Islamic and Byzantine studies","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0020
Rustam Shukurov
The earliest instances of Byzantine interest for the New Persian language date from the ninth century. The most notable example is provided by Photios who was especially curious about the Persian roots of Greek words. However, in the eighth-to-eleventh centuries, the knowledge of Persian was not common among the Greeks. The situation changed in the second half of the thirteenth century, when the practical knowledge of foreign languages spread outside the small circle of professional scholars and diplomats and became rather common among the native Byzantines. The status of the Persian language increased dramatically for two reasons: first, because of the rise of the political and cultural prestige of Anatolian Muslims in Byzantine eyes; and secondly, due to the rediscovery of Persian science by the Byzantines.
{"title":"Speaking Persian in Byzantium","authors":"Rustam Shukurov","doi":"10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0020","url":null,"abstract":"The earliest instances of Byzantine interest for the New Persian language date from the ninth century. The most notable example is provided by Photios who was especially curious about the Persian roots of Greek words. However, in the eighth-to-eleventh centuries, the knowledge of Persian was not common among the Greeks. The situation changed in the second half of the thirteenth century, when the practical knowledge of foreign languages spread outside the small circle of professional scholars and diplomats and became rather common among the native Byzantines. The status of the Persian language increased dramatically for two reasons: first, because of the rise of the political and cultural prestige of Anatolian Muslims in Byzantine eyes; and secondly, due to the rediscovery of Persian science by the Byzantines.","PeriodicalId":477221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of late antique, Islamic and Byzantine studies","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0015
João Vicente de Medeiros Publio Dias
This article is a study on projects of jurisdictional division of imperial territory from the tenth to the twelfth century. For that, modern concepts of “power-sharing” and “power settlement” will be adapted for the analysed context. Initially the history of territorial power-sharing in the Roman Empire will be summarised to underline the long tradition upon which the studied projects lay. Then the political strategies behind those projects are also analysed, as well as how sources present them.
{"title":"Ruling Separately but with the Same Mind: The Partition of Territory as Power-Sharing Projects between the Tenth and the Twelfth Century in Byzantium","authors":"João Vicente de Medeiros Publio Dias","doi":"10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0015","url":null,"abstract":"This article is a study on projects of jurisdictional division of imperial territory from the tenth to the twelfth century. For that, modern concepts of “power-sharing” and “power settlement” will be adapted for the analysed context. Initially the history of territorial power-sharing in the Roman Empire will be summarised to underline the long tradition upon which the studied projects lay. Then the political strategies behind those projects are also analysed, as well as how sources present them.","PeriodicalId":477221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of late antique, Islamic and Byzantine studies","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0016
Nikolaos Vryzidis, Marielle Martiniani-Reber
In the library of the Monastery of the Transfiguration (Great Meteoro) is a Byzantine manuscript, the binding of which is decorated with a patterned silk fabric. By contextualising this late medieval remnant, this article aims to address the issue of late Byzantine weaving beyond the mainstream narrative of decline. This is because its weaving structure and association with Palaiologan and Serbian ornament perhaps points to a local workshop in tune with the wider artistic context of its time. Although a relatively modest finding, the Great Meteoro fabric raises important questions regarding the prevailing views on late Byzantine textile culture.
{"title":"The Silk Lampas in the Binding of the Great Meteoro Codex 301: Material Evidence on Late Byzantine Textile Culture","authors":"Nikolaos Vryzidis, Marielle Martiniani-Reber","doi":"10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0016","url":null,"abstract":"In the library of the Monastery of the Transfiguration (Great Meteoro) is a Byzantine manuscript, the binding of which is decorated with a patterned silk fabric. By contextualising this late medieval remnant, this article aims to address the issue of late Byzantine weaving beyond the mainstream narrative of decline. This is because its weaving structure and association with Palaiologan and Serbian ornament perhaps points to a local workshop in tune with the wider artistic context of its time. Although a relatively modest finding, the Great Meteoro fabric raises important questions regarding the prevailing views on late Byzantine textile culture.","PeriodicalId":477221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of late antique, Islamic and Byzantine studies","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135588099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0014
Hannah-Lena Hagemann
This article traces the history of the northern Jazīra in the early Islamic period, from the beginning of Umayyad rule until the 870s. It reviews the material and written evidence for this territory, using as case studies the main cities of Āmid, Mayyāfāriqīn, and Arzan. It argues that there is little evidence for a systematic integration of the Jazīran north into the imperial fabric before the (re-)establishment of caliphal authority over this region at the end of the ninth century, a process that culminated in the creation of the provincial subdivision of Diyār Bakr around the mid-tenth century. The paper suggests that the history of the Jazīran north in the early Islamic period should be studied with reference to its Armenian connection: the entire region had strong historical ties to Armenia that carried over at least partially into the Islamic period. Approaching the north from a Jazīran as well as Armenian perspective thus improves our understanding of the complex and understudied history of this region before the tenth century.
{"title":"Limits of Empire: The Jazīran North before the Tenth Century","authors":"Hannah-Lena Hagemann","doi":"10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0014","url":null,"abstract":"This article traces the history of the northern Jazīra in the early Islamic period, from the beginning of Umayyad rule until the 870s. It reviews the material and written evidence for this territory, using as case studies the main cities of Āmid, Mayyāfāriqīn, and Arzan. It argues that there is little evidence for a systematic integration of the Jazīran north into the imperial fabric before the (re-)establishment of caliphal authority over this region at the end of the ninth century, a process that culminated in the creation of the provincial subdivision of Diyār Bakr around the mid-tenth century. The paper suggests that the history of the Jazīran north in the early Islamic period should be studied with reference to its Armenian connection: the entire region had strong historical ties to Armenia that carried over at least partially into the Islamic period. Approaching the north from a Jazīran as well as Armenian perspective thus improves our understanding of the complex and understudied history of this region before the tenth century.","PeriodicalId":477221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of late antique, Islamic and Byzantine studies","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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