Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.37745/bjes.2013/vol12n12133
Ugbede Sunday Odaudu, Suleiman A. Isah, Aminu L. Abdullahi
Over the years there have been series of crisis in Plateau State of Nigeria and they have led to massive killings and destruction of valuable properties; this is a very serious problem. Hence, it became necessary to conduct a research work with the aim of overviewing the cases of crises and killings at residential environments in Plateau State, in order to generate architectural and other safety measures to reduce their future occurrences in Nigeria. The research focused on desktop study as the instrument for data collection; reviewed different newspapers in Nigeria with available crisis and killing cases in Plateau State, in order to get relevant information to the research. Thus, table was used for the presentation and analysis of the research data, so as to generate results and the results were checked by using contents analysis technique, in order to validate them. Among the architectural research findings is: 1,290 houses were burnt during December, 2023 crisis in Bokkos Local Government Area of Plateau State and some other research findings are: the security agencies knew that an attack was coming before the 2023 Christmas eve massacre; the security forces know the attackers, and they even know their hideouts for two decades. Among the recommended architectural safety measures to reduce future crises and killings is: the design of the members of roof, door, window, ceiling and any other part of building that can easily burn with the use of wood should be fire retardant type, in order to reduce death, massive destruction of houses and valuable properties in times of fire attack from the terrorists. Some other recommended safety measures are: there should be advanced training of security agencies on immediate defensive responses against the terrorists been rumored of their coming to the state; urgent investigations must be made on the security forces that knew the attackers and their hideouts for two decades without revealing the information, so that the defaulted members of those security forces can receive a very severe/appropriate punishment, in order to stop this kind of bad service in Nigeria.
{"title":"Generation of Architectural and Other Safety Measures Against Crises and Killings at Residential Environments in Plateau State of Nigeria","authors":"Ugbede Sunday Odaudu, Suleiman A. Isah, Aminu L. Abdullahi","doi":"10.37745/bjes.2013/vol12n12133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/bjes.2013/vol12n12133","url":null,"abstract":"Over the years there have been series of crisis in Plateau State of Nigeria and they have led to massive killings and destruction of valuable properties; this is a very serious problem. Hence, it became necessary to conduct a research work with the aim of overviewing the cases of crises and killings at residential environments in Plateau State, in order to generate architectural and other safety measures to reduce their future occurrences in Nigeria. The research focused on desktop study as the instrument for data collection; reviewed different newspapers in Nigeria with available crisis and killing cases in Plateau State, in order to get relevant information to the research. Thus, table was used for the presentation and analysis of the research data, so as to generate results and the results were checked by using contents analysis technique, in order to validate them. Among the architectural research findings is: 1,290 houses were burnt during December, 2023 crisis in Bokkos Local Government Area of Plateau State and some other research findings are: the security agencies knew that an attack was coming before the 2023 Christmas eve massacre; the security forces know the attackers, and they even know their hideouts for two decades. Among the recommended architectural safety measures to reduce future crises and killings is: the design of the members of roof, door, window, ceiling and any other part of building that can easily burn with the use of wood should be fire retardant type, in order to reduce death, massive destruction of houses and valuable properties in times of fire attack from the terrorists. Some other recommended safety measures are: there should be advanced training of security agencies on immediate defensive responses against the terrorists been rumored of their coming to the state; urgent investigations must be made on the security forces that knew the attackers and their hideouts for two decades without revealing the information, so that the defaulted members of those security forces can receive a very severe/appropriate punishment, in order to stop this kind of bad service in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":483953,"journal":{"name":"British journal of environmental sciences","volume":"58 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.37745/bjes.2013/vol12n14362
N. R. Akoh
The issue of land administration was and is still gaining a lot of traction in contemporary research as scholarly agendas attuned to this issue continue to proliferate because peoples’ attachment to land predates recorded history. That is why development agencies, urban development professionals and academicians in urban management issues now concur that the urban development process in less developed countries is most often than not unsustainable as the polemics in land registration is not responsive for environmental sanity given the fact that environmental hazards are the role rather than the exception. Such a trend is frightening that a pragmatic and timely research is indispensable to diagnose the intriguing situation. This paper unravels and disentangles the polemics in the land registration process in some Cameroons’ urban centers (Bamenda, Yaounde, Douala and Bafoussam) in a bid to establish the nexus between land registration and environmental hazards so as to enshrine sustainable solutions into concrete policy options. Using primary and secondary data sources, the findings aver that the land registration in Cameroons is not responsive for environmental vibrancy due to some inherent stalemates which have obfuscated the procurement process. These stalemates inter-a-lea include; inappropriate regulatory frameworks through procedural difficulties, institutional weaknesses, political exploitation and fraudulent practices. These impasses invariably breed frustration and friction to would be land/home owners who are obliged to bypass such cumbersome processes and construct in off limit terrains which are vulnerable to the caprices of environmental hazards like floods and landslides, casting doubt on government's ability to instill a more sustainable land registration system for enhanced environmental productivity. If the land administration process is well-structured and revolutionized via good governance, this might reconfigure uncontrolled urban development to curtail such vulnerabilities to environmental hazards.
{"title":"The Nexus between Land registration and Environmental Hazards in some Urban Centers in Cameroon","authors":"N. R. Akoh","doi":"10.37745/bjes.2013/vol12n14362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/bjes.2013/vol12n14362","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of land administration was and is still gaining a lot of traction in contemporary research as scholarly agendas attuned to this issue continue to proliferate because peoples’ attachment to land predates recorded history. That is why development agencies, urban development professionals and academicians in urban management issues now concur that the urban development process in less developed countries is most often than not unsustainable as the polemics in land registration is not responsive for environmental sanity given the fact that environmental hazards are the role rather than the exception. Such a trend is frightening that a pragmatic and timely research is indispensable to diagnose the intriguing situation. This paper unravels and disentangles the polemics in the land registration process in some Cameroons’ urban centers (Bamenda, Yaounde, Douala and Bafoussam) in a bid to establish the nexus between land registration and environmental hazards so as to enshrine sustainable solutions into concrete policy options. Using primary and secondary data sources, the findings aver that the land registration in Cameroons is not responsive for environmental vibrancy due to some inherent stalemates which have obfuscated the procurement process. These stalemates inter-a-lea include; inappropriate regulatory frameworks through procedural difficulties, institutional weaknesses, political exploitation and fraudulent practices. These impasses invariably breed frustration and friction to would be land/home owners who are obliged to bypass such cumbersome processes and construct in off limit terrains which are vulnerable to the caprices of environmental hazards like floods and landslides, casting doubt on government's ability to instill a more sustainable land registration system for enhanced environmental productivity. If the land administration process is well-structured and revolutionized via good governance, this might reconfigure uncontrolled urban development to curtail such vulnerabilities to environmental hazards.","PeriodicalId":483953,"journal":{"name":"British journal of environmental sciences","volume":"43 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the past decade, radioactivity in drinking water has become a matter of urgent concern following reports from various scientific researches. The rapid urbanization and increase in population of Ogwashi-Uku has culminated in the increase for demand of safe and potable water hence the need for this study. A total of 10 samples were collected from the study location. Standard methods for determination of gross alpha and gross beta activity concentrations in the water samples were deployed. The measured gross alpha activity concentrations for all water samples are below 0.1 Bq/L while the measured gross beta activity concentrations in all water samples collected are lower than 1.0 Bq/L permissible limit. The mean annual dose equivalent in all the water samples for gross alpha and gross beta activity is lower than 0.1 mSv recommended dose for radionuclides in water, hence the life cancer risk assessment showed lower values, indicating the water is safe for drinking. The purpose of this study is to assess the concentration of gross alpha and beta activity levels of drinking water from hand-dug reservoirs in Ogwashi-Uku, Delta State in order to offer a scientific basis for making decisions regarding mitigating radioactive pollution and also to ensure the safety of drinking water and public health.
{"title":"Risk Assessment of Drinkable Water from Hand-dug Reservoirs Using Gross Alpha and Beta Radioactivity Levels in Ogwashi-Uku, Delta State","authors":"Ijabor Okeoghene, Nwabuoku Augustine Onyema, Janefrances Chinonso Okpilike, Rachael Erhuvwuada, Choice Uzezi Mallam-Obi","doi":"10.37745/bjes.2013/vol12n13442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/bjes.2013/vol12n13442","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decade, radioactivity in drinking water has become a matter of urgent concern following reports from various scientific researches. The rapid urbanization and increase in population of Ogwashi-Uku has culminated in the increase for demand of safe and potable water hence the need for this study. A total of 10 samples were collected from the study location. Standard methods for determination of gross alpha and gross beta activity concentrations in the water samples were deployed. The measured gross alpha activity concentrations for all water samples are below 0.1 Bq/L while the measured gross beta activity concentrations in all water samples collected are lower than 1.0 Bq/L permissible limit. The mean annual dose equivalent in all the water samples for gross alpha and gross beta activity is lower than 0.1 mSv recommended dose for radionuclides in water, hence the life cancer risk assessment showed lower values, indicating the water is safe for drinking. The purpose of this study is to assess the concentration of gross alpha and beta activity levels of drinking water from hand-dug reservoirs in Ogwashi-Uku, Delta State in order to offer a scientific basis for making decisions regarding mitigating radioactive pollution and also to ensure the safety of drinking water and public health.","PeriodicalId":483953,"journal":{"name":"British journal of environmental sciences","volume":"36 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.37745/bjes.2013/vol12n1120
Rasaki Aderemi Ibrahim, Sagabo Bala, Rasak Kolawole, A. Akinyemi, Abraham Adeniyi Taiwo, A. A. Fakere
This paper looked at the significance of special concepts on Traditional Architecture of the Hausas in Nigeria. Traditional architecture may be defined as an inherited art and science from the past generation in the area of planning and designing with consideration to the provision of spaces for the individual and public interest and the construction of buildings with available local building materials. The aim of this study was to conduct exploratory research on the significance of special concepts of traditional architecture of the Hausas in Nigeria, and specific objectives were used to identify and examine these concepts and their importance and how they have influenced the use of traditional building materials, technology deployed and their consequence on traditional architecture of the Hausas in Nigeria. The study critically reviewed existing literatures on traditional architecture and explores the key importance relating to the concept of Hausa traditional architecture. In addition, the research identified the factors that contribute to the concept of Hausa traditional architecture. The study concluded with a recommendation to all professionals in the built environment to embrace and adapt traditional architecture in their design provisions and execution to give identifiable character. It will be sad if our traditional building styles and construction techniques disappear from the universe. The gains derived from our local methods and materials are enormous and need to be propagated, while any inadequacies associated with the traditional approach can be improved.
{"title":"Significance of Special Concept on Traditional Architecture of the Hausas in Nigeria","authors":"Rasaki Aderemi Ibrahim, Sagabo Bala, Rasak Kolawole, A. Akinyemi, Abraham Adeniyi Taiwo, A. A. Fakere","doi":"10.37745/bjes.2013/vol12n1120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/bjes.2013/vol12n1120","url":null,"abstract":"This paper looked at the significance of special concepts on Traditional Architecture of the Hausas in Nigeria. Traditional architecture may be defined as an inherited art and science from the past generation in the area of planning and designing with consideration to the provision of spaces for the individual and public interest and the construction of buildings with available local building materials. The aim of this study was to conduct exploratory research on the significance of special concepts of traditional architecture of the Hausas in Nigeria, and specific objectives were used to identify and examine these concepts and their importance and how they have influenced the use of traditional building materials, technology deployed and their consequence on traditional architecture of the Hausas in Nigeria. The study critically reviewed existing literatures on traditional architecture and explores the key importance relating to the concept of Hausa traditional architecture. In addition, the research identified the factors that contribute to the concept of Hausa traditional architecture. The study concluded with a recommendation to all professionals in the built environment to embrace and adapt traditional architecture in their design provisions and execution to give identifiable character. It will be sad if our traditional building styles and construction techniques disappear from the universe. The gains derived from our local methods and materials are enormous and need to be propagated, while any inadequacies associated with the traditional approach can be improved.","PeriodicalId":483953,"journal":{"name":"British journal of environmental sciences","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140506998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-15DOI: 10.37745/bjes.2013/vol11n22334
Simon Stephen Mshelia, Lawan Bulama
The paper examined the concentrations of heavy metals and microbial parameters in groundwater and were compared to World Health Organisation (WHO)guidelines and National Standard for Drinking Water Quality standard. A total of 800 boreholes and wells water samples were purposefully and systematically collected in the metropolis and subjected to laboratory analysis where mean concentration values of Cadmium, Chromium, Zinc, Iron, Lead, Mercury, Arsenic, Copper, Manganese, Total Coliform count and Escherichia coli were determined in line with APHA 1998 standard procedures. The T- test statistical analysis, p<0.05 results showed that there were high and low significant variations between the concentrations values of heavy metals with WHO and NSDWQ permissible limits especially during wet season while microbial parameters only showed high significant variations except Zinc, Mercury, and Arsenic recorded no significant differences. The study therefore drew inference that wastewater and geomorphic processes contribute significantly to groundwater contaminations in the metropolis and recommends public education and enlightenment, strong legislation, provision of standard water treatment plants, adoption sustainable environmental concepts, attitudinal change, good drainage system should strictly be adhered to in order to harness good drinkable water potentials.
{"title":"Concentration and Comparison of Groundwater Quality in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria","authors":"Simon Stephen Mshelia, Lawan Bulama","doi":"10.37745/bjes.2013/vol11n22334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/bjes.2013/vol11n22334","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examined the concentrations of heavy metals and microbial parameters in groundwater and were compared to World Health Organisation (WHO)guidelines and National Standard for Drinking Water Quality standard. A total of 800 boreholes and wells water samples were purposefully and systematically collected in the metropolis and subjected to laboratory analysis where mean concentration values of Cadmium, Chromium, Zinc, Iron, Lead, Mercury, Arsenic, Copper, Manganese, Total Coliform count and Escherichia coli were determined in line with APHA 1998 standard procedures. The T- test statistical analysis, p<0.05 results showed that there were high and low significant variations between the concentrations values of heavy metals with WHO and NSDWQ permissible limits especially during wet season while microbial parameters only showed high significant variations except Zinc, Mercury, and Arsenic recorded no significant differences. The study therefore drew inference that wastewater and geomorphic processes contribute significantly to groundwater contaminations in the metropolis and recommends public education and enlightenment, strong legislation, provision of standard water treatment plants, adoption sustainable environmental concepts, attitudinal change, good drainage system should strictly be adhered to in order to harness good drinkable water potentials.","PeriodicalId":483953,"journal":{"name":"British journal of environmental sciences","volume":"356 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135683593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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