首页 > 最新文献

Open access research journal of chemistry and pharmacy最新文献

英文 中文
An insight on the mechanism of the Hoppe-Seyler test for xanthine 对霍普-塞勒黄嘌呤测试机制的深入了解
Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.53022/oarjcp.2024.5.2.0087
Francisco Sánchez-Viesca, Reina Gómez
Being xanthine an important biomolecule, it has attracted the attention of scholars from different points of view. In the analytical field some tests for identification have been developed. Hoppe-Seyler detected xanthine using calcium chlorohypochlorite and sodium hydroxide since a green ring, changing to brown, is formed. It is a challenge to the theoretical chemist disentangle what is happening at molecular level during the assay. In this communication emphasis is placed in a reactive tri-polar intermediate that arises in a reaction sequence. That is, a carboxylate and a newly formed zwitterion. Reaction with water can eliminate the last dipole (a negatively charged nitrogen and a carbonium ion). However, there is other pair of ions that are connected: the carboxylate and the carbonium ion at β-position. This situation produces immediate decarboxylation, eliminating two electrical charges in a single internal way, and forming a double bond. Neutralization of the negatively charged nitrogen atom gives an ureido. This reaction sequence produces the principal reaction product, imidazo-imidazolone. The observed colours are due to halochromism.
黄嘌呤作为一种重要的生物大分子,引起了学者们从不同角度的关注。在分析领域,已经开发出了一些用于鉴定的测试方法。霍普-塞勒(Hoppe-Seyler)使用氯次氯酸钙和氢氧化钠检测黄嘌呤,因为形成的绿色环会变成棕色。对于理论化学家来说,要弄清检测过程中分子水平发生了什么变化是一项挑战。在这篇通讯中,重点放在反应序列中出现的反应性三极中间体上。即羧酸盐和新形成的齐聚物。与水反应可以消除最后一个偶极(带负电荷的氮和羰离子)。但是,还有一对离子是相连的:羧酸根离子和位于 β 位的羰离子。这种情况会立即产生脱羧反应,以单一的内部方式消除两个电荷,形成双键。带负电荷的氮原子中和后生成脲基。这一反应顺序产生了主要反应产物咪唑-咪唑啉酮。观察到的颜色是由于卤代色素造成的。
{"title":"An insight on the mechanism of the Hoppe-Seyler test for xanthine","authors":"Francisco Sánchez-Viesca, Reina Gómez","doi":"10.53022/oarjcp.2024.5.2.0087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjcp.2024.5.2.0087","url":null,"abstract":"Being xanthine an important biomolecule, it has attracted the attention of scholars from different points of view. In the analytical field some tests for identification have been developed. Hoppe-Seyler detected xanthine using calcium chlorohypochlorite and sodium hydroxide since a green ring, changing to brown, is formed. It is a challenge to the theoretical chemist disentangle what is happening at molecular level during the assay. In this communication emphasis is placed in a reactive tri-polar intermediate that arises in a reaction sequence. That is, a carboxylate and a newly formed zwitterion. Reaction with water can eliminate the last dipole (a negatively charged nitrogen and a carbonium ion). However, there is other pair of ions that are connected: the carboxylate and the carbonium ion at β-position. This situation produces immediate decarboxylation, eliminating two electrical charges in a single internal way, and forming a double bond. Neutralization of the negatively charged nitrogen atom gives an ureido. This reaction sequence produces the principal reaction product, imidazo-imidazolone. The observed colours are due to halochromism.","PeriodicalId":485613,"journal":{"name":"Open access research journal of chemistry and pharmacy","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antioxidant activity and levels of lipid peroxidation in glucose -6- phosphate deficient neonates 葡萄糖-6-磷酸缺乏症新生儿的抗氧化活性和脂质过氧化水平
Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.53022/oarjcp.2024.5.1.0072
I. Akinlua
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a genetic abnormality that results in inadequate amount of this all important protein that help regulate key physiological processes in the body. This study was carried out to evaluate plasma activity of antioxidants and level of lipid peroxidation in neonates with G6PD deficiency. A total of forty neonates delivered at Wesley Guide Hospital, Ilesa, Osun State were used for this study. They were divided into two groups; group 1 consists of 20 G6PD deficient neonates as the test while group2 consists of 20 G6PD positive neonates as control. 5mls of venous blood was taken from both test and control and prepared to obtain the plasma. The plasma was stored at room temperature prior analysis. The plasma activity of antioxidant enzyme [superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (Gpx)], non-enzymatic antioxidant (vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene) and plasma level of malonyldialdehyde (MDA) was carried out in both test and control using standard methods. The results of the study revealed no significant difference (p<0.05) in the plasma activity of most of the antioxidant enzymes with the exception of GPx which was significantly raised in the test subjects when compared with the control.. However, the plasma activity of both vitamin C and beta-carotene increased significantly (p<0.05) in the test when compared with the control. The plasma level of MDA was also significantly raised in the test when compared with the control group. This study revealed the presence of lipid peroxidation and possibly oxidative stress in G6PD deficient neonates.
葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)缺乏症是一种遗传异常,会导致这种有助于调节体内关键生理过程的重要蛋白质含量不足。本研究旨在评估 G6PD 缺乏症新生儿血浆中抗氧化剂的活性和脂质过氧化水平。共有四十名新生儿在奥逊州伊莱萨的卫斯理指南医院分娩,并被用于本研究。他们被分为两组:第一组由 20 名 G6PD 缺乏症新生儿组成,作为试验组;第二组由 20 名 G6PD 阳性新生儿组成,作为对照组。从试验组和对照组各抽取 5 毫升静脉血,制备血浆。血浆在分析前储存在室温下。采用标准方法对试验组和对照组的血浆中抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Gpx))、非酶抗氧化剂(维生素 E、维生素 C、β-胡萝卜素)的活性以及血浆中丙二醛(MDA)的水平进行了检测。研究结果表明,除 GPx 与对照组相比明显升高外,大多数抗氧化酶的血浆活性无明显差异(p<0.05)。然而,与对照组相比,试验组的维生素 C 和 β-胡萝卜素的血浆活性都明显增加(p<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组血浆中的 MDA 水平也明显升高。这项研究表明,G6PD 缺乏的新生儿体内存在脂质过氧化反应,并可能存在氧化应激。
{"title":"Antioxidant activity and levels of lipid peroxidation in glucose -6- phosphate deficient neonates","authors":"I. Akinlua","doi":"10.53022/oarjcp.2024.5.1.0072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjcp.2024.5.1.0072","url":null,"abstract":"Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a genetic abnormality that results in inadequate amount of this all important protein that help regulate key physiological processes in the body. This study was carried out to evaluate plasma activity of antioxidants and level of lipid peroxidation in neonates with G6PD deficiency. A total of forty neonates delivered at Wesley Guide Hospital, Ilesa, Osun State were used for this study. They were divided into two groups; group 1 consists of 20 G6PD deficient neonates as the test while group2 consists of 20 G6PD positive neonates as control. 5mls of venous blood was taken from both test and control and prepared to obtain the plasma. The plasma was stored at room temperature prior analysis. The plasma activity of antioxidant enzyme [superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (Gpx)], non-enzymatic antioxidant (vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene) and plasma level of malonyldialdehyde (MDA) was carried out in both test and control using standard methods. The results of the study revealed no significant difference (p<0.05) in the plasma activity of most of the antioxidant enzymes with the exception of GPx which was significantly raised in the test subjects when compared with the control.. However, the plasma activity of both vitamin C and beta-carotene increased significantly (p<0.05) in the test when compared with the control. The plasma level of MDA was also significantly raised in the test when compared with the control group. This study revealed the presence of lipid peroxidation and possibly oxidative stress in G6PD deficient neonates.","PeriodicalId":485613,"journal":{"name":"Open access research journal of chemistry and pharmacy","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140420332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Open access research journal of chemistry and pharmacy
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1