Introduction. General anesthesia is frequently employed in neck surgery procedures. However, in patients at high risk for general anesthesia, regional anesthesia options, such as the superficial cervical plexus block, warrant careful consideration. Patients with mediastinal lymph node enlargement face an elevated risk of airway obstruction and hemodynamic mediastinal instability during anesthesia induction. In selected neck surgeries, including thyroglossal cyst excision, thyroglossal fistula repair, bronchial cyst removal, thyroidectomy, and lymph node excision, the superficial cervical plexus block presents a viable and secure alternative to general anesthesia. Case report. This report details the case of a patient with mediastinal lymphadenopathy and multiple brain metastases who underwent cervical lymph node excision. Given the patient?s severe comorbidities, pronounced risk of complete distal airway obstruction, hemodynamic instability, and the potential for compression effects from mediastinal mass, a superficial cervical block was administered. This block facilitated effective perioperative analgesia without inducing respiratory or cardiovascular instability. Conclusion. The superficial cervical plexus block emerges as a prudent alternative to general anesthesia in high-risk patients necessitating cervical lymph node excision procedures. Its utilization should be considered in such cases to enhance patient safety and perioperative management.
{"title":"The criminal offense of counterfeiting money in France from the revolution to the end of the 19th century","authors":"Milica Marinkovic","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2385001m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2385001m","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. General anesthesia is frequently employed in neck surgery procedures. However, in patients at high risk for general anesthesia, regional anesthesia options, such as the superficial cervical plexus block, warrant careful consideration. Patients with mediastinal lymph node enlargement face an elevated risk of airway obstruction and hemodynamic mediastinal instability during anesthesia induction. In selected neck surgeries, including thyroglossal cyst excision, thyroglossal fistula repair, bronchial cyst removal, thyroidectomy, and lymph node excision, the superficial cervical plexus block presents a viable and secure alternative to general anesthesia. Case report. This report details the case of a patient with mediastinal lymphadenopathy and multiple brain metastases who underwent cervical lymph node excision. Given the patient?s severe comorbidities, pronounced risk of complete distal airway obstruction, hemodynamic instability, and the potential for compression effects from mediastinal mass, a superficial cervical block was administered. This block facilitated effective perioperative analgesia without inducing respiratory or cardiovascular instability. Conclusion. The superficial cervical plexus block emerges as a prudent alternative to general anesthesia in high-risk patients necessitating cervical lymph node excision procedures. Its utilization should be considered in such cases to enhance patient safety and perioperative management.","PeriodicalId":485988,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice srpske za društvene nauke","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135360544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The concept of successful ageing is rather important for understanding its positive aspects. Although it has been present in the scientific literature for more than half a century, it is still not entirely clear what it means, thus the concept of successful ageing remains a challenge for scientific research. In order to gain a clearer picture of the complexity of this phenomenon, the models which represent successful ageing and which were created within the biomedical and psycho-social approach will be presented and then critically considered in this paper. In order to recognize their scientific and practical contributions, i.e. limitations, special attention will be paid to their mutual relations. Based on this analysis, the suggestions for future empirical studies of this phenomenon will be offered.
{"title":"Models of successful ageing","authors":"Dejan Kantar","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2385051k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2385051k","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of successful ageing is rather important for understanding its positive aspects. Although it has been present in the scientific literature for more than half a century, it is still not entirely clear what it means, thus the concept of successful ageing remains a challenge for scientific research. In order to gain a clearer picture of the complexity of this phenomenon, the models which represent successful ageing and which were created within the biomedical and psycho-social approach will be presented and then critically considered in this paper. In order to recognize their scientific and practical contributions, i.e. limitations, special attention will be paid to their mutual relations. Based on this analysis, the suggestions for future empirical studies of this phenomenon will be offered.","PeriodicalId":485988,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice srpske za društvene nauke","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135360717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vera Gligorijevic, Aleksandar Knezevic, Damjan Bakic
The composition of the workforce according to education and age is an important determinant of the labour force participation rate. Education and age of the working-agepopulation determine the level of economic activity through specific activity rates (direct effect) and through the numerical distribution of the population according to educational and age categories (indirect effect). The nature of the basic relationship between demographic structures and the level of activity is already well known and explained, but in previous works in which changes in the level of economic activity were investigated, there is a lack of analyses that would break down the difference in the value of the general rate of activity of the labour contingent into the contribution of the components that participate in that change, which would create space for public policies and the implementation of measures aimed at expanding the scope of the workforce. Therefore, this scientific paper quantifies the indirect (composite) and direct (behavioural) effects of the educational and age structure of the workforce during the period 2002-2021. It is assumed that for oscillations in the level of activity there was a more significant contribution of behavioural effects, that is, compared to composite effects, they had a stronger influence both when the labour force participation rate was falling (2002-2011) and when it was growing (2011-2021). The analysis is based on data from the Labour Force Survey, and the method of decomposition of general rates, often used in demography, was used to quantify the individual contribution of effects.
{"title":"Direct and indirect effects of demographic structures on the labour force participation rate","authors":"Vera Gligorijevic, Aleksandar Knezevic, Damjan Bakic","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2385031g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2385031g","url":null,"abstract":"The composition of the workforce according to education and age is an important determinant of the labour force participation rate. Education and age of the working-agepopulation determine the level of economic activity through specific activity rates (direct effect) and through the numerical distribution of the population according to educational and age categories (indirect effect). The nature of the basic relationship between demographic structures and the level of activity is already well known and explained, but in previous works in which changes in the level of economic activity were investigated, there is a lack of analyses that would break down the difference in the value of the general rate of activity of the labour contingent into the contribution of the components that participate in that change, which would create space for public policies and the implementation of measures aimed at expanding the scope of the workforce. Therefore, this scientific paper quantifies the indirect (composite) and direct (behavioural) effects of the educational and age structure of the workforce during the period 2002-2021. It is assumed that for oscillations in the level of activity there was a more significant contribution of behavioural effects, that is, compared to composite effects, they had a stronger influence both when the labour force participation rate was falling (2002-2011) and when it was growing (2011-2021). The analysis is based on data from the Labour Force Survey, and the method of decomposition of general rates, often used in demography, was used to quantify the individual contribution of effects.","PeriodicalId":485988,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice srpske za društvene nauke","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135360946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subject of the research are systemic changes in the world economic order, both those that led to the formation of the international economic system in its current form, and the current processes that lead to its disintegration. The most important financial, economic and geo-economic mechanisms that enabled the establishment of an economic order based on the dominance of the most developed countries of the West refer to: 1) the abolition of the gold standard, 2) the establishment of the petrodollar mechanism, and 3) the replacement of the role of the national economy by the dominance of transnational companies. These phenomena have been identified as the basis of the unipolar system of the world economy. As the established system represents a brake on the further development of the economy outside the dominant structure, new emerging powers (BRICS and others) are establishing parallel economic mechanisms that overcome the set limitations. In the article, these processes are conditionally called the resistance economy, a term that originally refers to the resistance of an individual economy to the negative effects of the environment. The development of a multi-currency monetary system, the establishment of alternative payment systems, the loss of dollar exclusivity in the energy trade of the Middle East, and the change in the overall relationship of OPEC economies to the demands of the USA were identified as the most important. These processes are not the cause of the disintegration of the existing order, but an obstacle to its restructuring. Since these are concrete, formally and institutionally regulated financial and other economic mechanisms, it can be considered that the process of change from a unipolar to a multipolar system of the world economy is irreversible.
{"title":"The resistance economy and the emergence of the new world economic order","authors":"Natasa Stanojevic, Marko Paic","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2385017s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2385017s","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the research are systemic changes in the world economic order, both those that led to the formation of the international economic system in its current form, and the current processes that lead to its disintegration. The most important financial, economic and geo-economic mechanisms that enabled the establishment of an economic order based on the dominance of the most developed countries of the West refer to: 1) the abolition of the gold standard, 2) the establishment of the petrodollar mechanism, and 3) the replacement of the role of the national economy by the dominance of transnational companies. These phenomena have been identified as the basis of the unipolar system of the world economy. As the established system represents a brake on the further development of the economy outside the dominant structure, new emerging powers (BRICS and others) are establishing parallel economic mechanisms that overcome the set limitations. In the article, these processes are conditionally called the resistance economy, a term that originally refers to the resistance of an individual economy to the negative effects of the environment. The development of a multi-currency monetary system, the establishment of alternative payment systems, the loss of dollar exclusivity in the energy trade of the Middle East, and the change in the overall relationship of OPEC economies to the demands of the USA were identified as the most important. These processes are not the cause of the disintegration of the existing order, but an obstacle to its restructuring. Since these are concrete, formally and institutionally regulated financial and other economic mechanisms, it can be considered that the process of change from a unipolar to a multipolar system of the world economy is irreversible.","PeriodicalId":485988,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice srpske za društvene nauke","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135360542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The geographical area of Sirinic zupa is a part of the region of the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija. The subject of studying the total number and ethnic structure of the population is based on the monitoring and analysis of demographic processes and their trends in Sirinic zupa from 1913 to 2011. With 16 settlements, Zupa represents a multi-ethnic area where Serbs, Albanians, Gorans, Muslims, Bosniaks and Roma have lived for centuries. As a separate parish, this region was first mentioned in the era of the Serbian medieval state. During the period of Turkish rule, and even later until the 19th century, settlements and economic life in Sirinic zupa stagnated. Sirinic zupa was included in the population censuses from 1913 to 2011. The population censuses from 1921 and 1931 clearly indicate an increase in the population. After the Second World War, Sirinic zupa was included in the censuses from 1948 to 2011. Censuses in the period from 1948 to 1989 record a constant increase in the population. However, the 1991 census recorded a decrease in the total number of inhabitants by 1% compared to the 1989 census. Demographic processes after 1999, when NATO bombed FR Yugoslavia and AP Kosovo and Metohija, unequivocally point to complex and serious factors that befell the Serbian community. The 2011 census, which was organized by the temporary institutions of Kosovo and Metohija, was boycotted by the Serbian population. Today, Serbs live in enclaves, displaced, without human dignity, without jobs and without conditions for returning to their centuries-old Serbian hearths. The current demographic processes in Sirinic zupa are characterized by the complexity identified through the reduction of the population, unfavourable security conditions for the Serbian community, unfavourable economic, health and social development.
{"title":"Demographic changes in the total number and ethnic structure of the population of Sirinic zupa from 1913 to 2011","authors":"Jovo Medojevic, Sasa Milosavljevic","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2385061m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2385061m","url":null,"abstract":"The geographical area of Sirinic zupa is a part of the region of the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija. The subject of studying the total number and ethnic structure of the population is based on the monitoring and analysis of demographic processes and their trends in Sirinic zupa from 1913 to 2011. With 16 settlements, Zupa represents a multi-ethnic area where Serbs, Albanians, Gorans, Muslims, Bosniaks and Roma have lived for centuries. As a separate parish, this region was first mentioned in the era of the Serbian medieval state. During the period of Turkish rule, and even later until the 19th century, settlements and economic life in Sirinic zupa stagnated. Sirinic zupa was included in the population censuses from 1913 to 2011. The population censuses from 1921 and 1931 clearly indicate an increase in the population. After the Second World War, Sirinic zupa was included in the censuses from 1948 to 2011. Censuses in the period from 1948 to 1989 record a constant increase in the population. However, the 1991 census recorded a decrease in the total number of inhabitants by 1% compared to the 1989 census. Demographic processes after 1999, when NATO bombed FR Yugoslavia and AP Kosovo and Metohija, unequivocally point to complex and serious factors that befell the Serbian community. The 2011 census, which was organized by the temporary institutions of Kosovo and Metohija, was boycotted by the Serbian population. Today, Serbs live in enclaves, displaced, without human dignity, without jobs and without conditions for returning to their centuries-old Serbian hearths. The current demographic processes in Sirinic zupa are characterized by the complexity identified through the reduction of the population, unfavourable security conditions for the Serbian community, unfavourable economic, health and social development.","PeriodicalId":485988,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice srpske za društvene nauke","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135360907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Violence in the media mostly refers to the use of explicit scenes of violence seen on film and television screens as well as in the cyberspace of interactive digital games. Everlasting questioning about the negative effects of the media of mass communication was especially evident in the time of expansion of television and the ?narcotic role? of the television image, when violence became one of the most commercial areas from which the media got the topics of their cultural content. The arrival of the new ways of communication by means of digital media has opened another page in the consideration of the notion of violence in the media - cyberbullying. Therefore, the subject of the paper is violence in the media and the possible effects of traditional and social media on the global audience. By presenting some of the theoretical considerations and empirical research on the effects of the media, the aim of this paper is to answer the question of how much the connection there is between the media and violence with special reference to digital abuse as a long-term exposure to violence on social networks. By using the descriptive-explanatory method and the method of theoretical analysis, by connecting theoretical knowledge and empirical data, the paper, within the scope of the research, presents the overview of theoretical premises related to the action of violence in the media. Likewise, the examples from the field of the effects of violence in traditional and digital media were reviewed in order to realize the phenomenon of violence and its connection with the media. The research results indicated the connection between the effects of traditional and digital violence and the particular danger of different methods of cyberbullying considering the characteristics of this phenomenon. Beginning with the assertion that the media greately influences the recipients with their aggressive content, by applying a literature review, the models of aggression in the traditional media were pointed out, as well as the methods by which cyberbullyingis done by means of text or video messages that insult, harass, threaten. The answer to the question of the connection between the media and violence required theoretical reflections and the presentation of empirical research in order to realize the effects of violent communication, and especially to shed light on digital abuse on social networks. Recent analyses of cyberbullyingrarely rely on the previous research and do not tend to connect mutually in order to provide a general picture, so it is difficult to get a whole picture of the state of violent content in digital media. Nevertheless, even though there are opinions about the media as being the sole culprits of violence in society, even though completely opposite opinions are pointed out, the latest researches unequivocally prove that the theory about the ineffectiveness of media violence is not sustainable.
{"title":"The media and violence - cyberbullying","authors":"Vesna Milenkovic","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2385079m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2385079m","url":null,"abstract":"Violence in the media mostly refers to the use of explicit scenes of violence seen on film and television screens as well as in the cyberspace of interactive digital games. Everlasting questioning about the negative effects of the media of mass communication was especially evident in the time of expansion of television and the ?narcotic role? of the television image, when violence became one of the most commercial areas from which the media got the topics of their cultural content. The arrival of the new ways of communication by means of digital media has opened another page in the consideration of the notion of violence in the media - cyberbullying. Therefore, the subject of the paper is violence in the media and the possible effects of traditional and social media on the global audience. By presenting some of the theoretical considerations and empirical research on the effects of the media, the aim of this paper is to answer the question of how much the connection there is between the media and violence with special reference to digital abuse as a long-term exposure to violence on social networks. By using the descriptive-explanatory method and the method of theoretical analysis, by connecting theoretical knowledge and empirical data, the paper, within the scope of the research, presents the overview of theoretical premises related to the action of violence in the media. Likewise, the examples from the field of the effects of violence in traditional and digital media were reviewed in order to realize the phenomenon of violence and its connection with the media. The research results indicated the connection between the effects of traditional and digital violence and the particular danger of different methods of cyberbullying considering the characteristics of this phenomenon. Beginning with the assertion that the media greately influences the recipients with their aggressive content, by applying a literature review, the models of aggression in the traditional media were pointed out, as well as the methods by which cyberbullyingis done by means of text or video messages that insult, harass, threaten. The answer to the question of the connection between the media and violence required theoretical reflections and the presentation of empirical research in order to realize the effects of violent communication, and especially to shed light on digital abuse on social networks. Recent analyses of cyberbullyingrarely rely on the previous research and do not tend to connect mutually in order to provide a general picture, so it is difficult to get a whole picture of the state of violent content in digital media. Nevertheless, even though there are opinions about the media as being the sole culprits of violence in society, even though completely opposite opinions are pointed out, the latest researches unequivocally prove that the theory about the ineffectiveness of media violence is not sustainable.","PeriodicalId":485988,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice srpske za društvene nauke","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135400041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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