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Fuqaha’s Perspective on Ju’ala Contract and Its Application in Bank Wakaf Mikro in Indonesia Fuqaha 对 Ju'ala 合同的看法及其在印度尼西亚 Wakaf Mikro 银行中的应用
Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.47498/tasyri.v16i1.3070
Salma Rahmani, Neni Nuraeni, M. F. Januri
The understanding of the ju'alah contract in Islam has been a focal point of debate and analysis in fiqh literature. Ju'alah, as a form of promise to provide compensation for tasks or work performed, holds significant implications in Sharia finance practices, including Bank Wakaf Mikro. From the perspective of scholars, there are various views regarding the legal principles and implications of the ju'alah contract, often reflecting differences among schools of thought. This diversity of opinions raises questions regarding the pillars, conditions, and legal implications of ju'alah transactions. The objective of this study is to delve deeper into scholars' comprehension of the ju'alah contract, its distinctions from the ijarah contract, and its application in Bank Wakaf Mikro in Indonesia. In this study, a qualitative approach is utilized, employing a descriptive-analytical method, where data is obtained through library research methods. The research findings indicate that the arguments presented by the Maliki and Syafi'i scholars regarding ju'alah appear to be stronger due to being grounded on more solid reasoning, both in terms of evidence and societal needs. Furthermore, in analyzing the practices of Bank Wakaf Mikro, conformity with the principles of the ju'alah contract is found, both in terms of its pillars and conditions. Among the various scholars' opinions on the ju'alah contract, it is evident that the Syafi'i scholars' views are more aligned with the practices carried out by Bank Wakaf Mikro support programs.
伊斯兰教中对 Ju'alah 合同的理解一直是教法文献中争论和分析的焦点。ju'alah作为一种为所完成的任务或工作提供补偿的承诺形式,在伊斯兰教法金融实践(包括瓦卡夫银行 Mikro)中具有重要意义。从学者的角度来看,关于 Ju'alah 合同的法律原则和含义存在各种观点,这通常反映了不同学派之间的分歧。这种意见分歧引发了有关 ju'alah 交易的支柱、条件和法律含义的问题。本研究旨在深入探讨学者们对 ju'alah 合同的理解、其与 ijarah 合同的区别以及在印度尼西亚 Wakaf Mikro 银行中的应用。本研究采用定性方法,采用描述分析法,通过图书馆研究方法获取数据。研究结果表明,马利基(Maliki)学者和赛菲(Syafi'i)学者就 ju'alah 提出的论点似乎更有说服力,因为这些论点在证据和社会需求方面都有更坚实的推理基础。此外,在分析 Wakaf Mikro 银行的做法时,我们发现其在支柱和条件方面都符合 ju'alah 合同的原则。在不同学者对 ju'alah 合同的观点中,Syafi'i 学者的观点显然更符合瓦卡夫 Mikro 银行支持项目的做法。
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引用次数: 0
Financial Performance Analysis of Bank Aceh's During the Covid-19: RGEC Approaches 亚齐银行在 Covid-19 期间的财务业绩分析:RGEC 方法
Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.47498/tasyri.v16i1.3142
Azharsyah Ibrahim, Muksal Muksal, Ayu Sartika
The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on various sectors in Indonesia, including the banking industry. This study aims to compare the financial performance of PT Bank Aceh Syariah before and during the Covid-19 pandemic using the RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, Capital) analysis method. Secondary data used in this research were obtained from the financial statements of Bank Aceh Syariah published on the bank's official website. Data analysis was conducted using the independent sample t-test hypothesis testing. The results indicate that there were no significant differences in the ratios of Non-Performing Financing (NPF), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Operating Expenses to Operating Income (BOPO), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) between the periods before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. These findings suggest that Bank Aceh Syariah has been able to maintain its financial performance despite the challenges posed by the pandemic. This study contributes to the understanding of the resilience and adaptability of Islamic banks in the face of economic shocks and highlights the importance of robust risk management and governance practices in ensuring financial stability during times of crisis.
Covid-19 大流行对印尼各行各业都产生了重大影响,其中包括银行业。本研究旨在使用 RGEC(风险概况、良好公司治理、盈利、资本)分析方法,比较 PT Bank Aceh Syariah 在 Covid-19 大流行之前和期间的财务表现。本研究使用的二手数据来自亚齐伊斯兰银行在其官方网站上公布的财务报表。数据分析采用独立样本 t 检验法进行假设检验。结果表明,不良融资比率(NPF)、融资与存款比率(FDR)、良好公司治理比率(GCG)、资产回报率(ROA)、股本回报率(ROE)、营业支出与营业收入比率(BOPO)和资本充足率(CAR)在 Covid-19 大流行之前和期间没有明显差异。这些研究结果表明,尽管大流行病带来了挑战,亚齐伊斯兰银行仍能保持其财务业绩。这项研究有助于了解伊斯兰银行在面对经济冲击时的复原力和适应性,并强调了健全的风险管理和治理做法在危机时期确保金融稳定的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Komparasi Return dan Risiko Saham Syariah dan Konvensional Pada JII dan IDX30 Periode 2019-2023 2019-2023 年期间日本证券研究所和 IDX30 上伊斯兰教股票与传统股票的收益和风险比较
Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.47498/tasyri.v16i1.3303
Marlinda Marlinda, Hendra Syahputra
The purpose of this study is to compare the average return and risk of Islamic stocks and conventional stocks on the JII and IDX30. Data was taken from the IDX website which provides data on companies listed on the JII and IDX for the 2019-2023 period and Yahoo Finance which provides monthly stock closing price data on the JII and IDX during the 2019-2023 period. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method so that 3 sharia stocks and 5 conventional stocks were obtained. Data analysis uses descriptive and inferential statistics using a t-test to draw conclusions. The results of the Independent Sample T Test showed that the return variable obtained a significance value of 0.777>0.05 and the risk variable obtained a significance value of 0.209>0.05. So it is concluded that Islamic stocks and conventional stocks do not show significantly different levels of return and risk.
本研究的目的是比较伊斯兰股票和传统股票在 JII 和 IDX30 上的平均收益和风险。数据取自 IDX 网站,该网站提供 2019-2023 年期间在日本证券交易所和 IDX 上市公司的数据,以及雅虎财经网站,该网站提供 2019-2023 年期间日本证券交易所和 IDX 的月度股票收盘价数据。抽样技术采用目的性抽样法,因此获得了 3 只伊斯兰教法股票和 5 只传统股票。数据分析使用了描述性和推论性统计方法,通过 t 检验得出结论。独立样本 T 检验结果显示,收益变量的显著性值为 0.777>0.05,风险变量的显著性值为 0.209>0.05。因此可以得出结论,伊斯兰股票和传统股票在收益和风险水平上没有明显差异。
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引用次数: 0
Muamalah Fiqh Analysis of the Use of Shopee Paylater 使用 Shopee Paylater 的伊斯兰教律分析
Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.47498/tasyri.v16i1.2771
Mirzam Arqy Ahmadi, Uswatun Khasanah, Putri Rizqya Faza, Tifani Adelia, Saltsa Woro Ayu Satiti, Alya Agustina, Shaka Yudha Pratama, Dhevan Muhammad Fanny
In the era of advancing technology, online services have become a solution to meet human needs by facilitating access to various aspects of life. One renowned online shopping platform is Shopee, Providing an extensive array of items, ranging from food and apparel to household appliances.. Shopee users are familiar with the "Pay Later" feature, or SpayLater, allowing payment for purchased items without an immediate settlement, known as a credit system with applicable terms and conditions. This research utilizes qualitative data obtained through documentation and literature studies from various sources, primarily secondary sources such as journals, articles, reports, and information related to the review of Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh) and fundamental principles of Fiqh Muamalah concerning credit systems in buying and selling transactions. The aim of this study is to evaluate the Fiqh Muamalah perspective on the credit system offered by Shopee through the "SPayLater" feature. The qualitative data obtained through documentation and literature studies from various secondary sources such as journals, articles, reports, and related information reveal that the use of the SPayLater credit system, from the perspective of Fiqh Muamalah, is considered permissible (mubah). This is because the contract executed during the transaction is evidently clear through the agreement made between the seller and the buyer during the execution of the offer and acceptance (ijab and qabul), along with the agreed-upon additional fees for deferment in the SPayLater credit system. However, the research also highlights that the use of SPayLater becomes impermissible (haram) when it involves the element of interest that must be paid by the buyer if not settled within the specified timeframe. In this case, SPayLater users are subject to a 5% interest charge on the total bill, conflicting with the fundamental principles of Fiqh Muamalah. Thus, although SPayLater may be acceptable in terms of the contract and agreement, the presence of interest in the payment system can be controversial from the perspective of Fiqh Muamalah, as this practice is considered usury, which is prohibited in Islam.
在科技不断进步的时代,在线服务已成为满足人类需求的一种解决方案,方便人们获取生活的各个方面。Shopee 是一个知名的在线购物平台,提供从食品、服装到家用电器等各种商品。Shopee 用户对 "稍后付款 "功能(或 SpayLater)并不陌生,该功能允许在不立即结算的情况下支付所购商品,即所谓的信用体系,并附有适用的条款和条件。本研究利用了通过各种来源的文件和文献研究获得的定性数据,主要是二手资料,如期刊、文章、报告以及与伊斯兰教法学(Fiqh)和伊斯兰教律法基本原则有关的信息,涉及买卖交易中的信用体系。本研究的目的是对 Shopee 通过 "SPayLater "功能提供的信贷系统的伊斯兰教律法观点进行评估。从期刊、文章、报告和相关信息等各种二手资料来源的文献和文献研究中获得的定性数据显示,从伊斯兰教律法的角度来看,使用 "SPayLater "信贷系统被认为是允许的(mubah)。这是因为,通过卖方和买方在执行要约和承诺(ijab 和 qabul)时达成的协议,以及在 SPayLater 信贷系统中商定的延期付款额外费用,交易过程中执行的合同显然是明确的。不过,研究还强调,如果在规定时间内未结清,买方必须支付利息,那么使用 SPayLater 就成为不允许的(哈拉姆)行为。在这种情况下,SPayLater 用户需支付账单总额 5% 的利息,这与伊斯兰教律法的基本原则相冲突。因此,尽管 SPayLater 在合同和协议方面是可以接受的,但从伊斯兰教律的角度来看,支付系统中的利息可能会引起争议,因为这种做法被视为伊斯兰教禁止的高利贷。
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引用次数: 0
Recontextualizing Fiqh: Fiqh in Business Ethics Construction for Sustainable Economy in Attanwir Boarding School 重构伊斯兰教律法:阿坦维尔寄宿学校商业道德中的伊斯兰教律建设促进可持续经济发展
Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.47498/tasyri.v16i1.2298
M. K. H. Al-Asyari, Syafril Wicaksono, M. K. M. Rambe
Pesantren sebagai wadah pemebelajaran agama yang mengantarkan para santri dan santri wati di dalam pendidikan agama, dalam dimensi pendidikan di pesantren memang hampir 90% adalah Kajian fiqh, fiqh yang di ajarkan di pesantren adalah fiqh klasik dan sedikit pandangan fiqh kontemporer, Kajian fiqh klasik masih di dominasi oleh kitab-kitab karangan ulama Timur tengah yang mempunyai dimensi sosial dan keragamaan yang berbeda, tetapi bersumber dari Satu sumber yang sama yaitu al-Quran dan hadis, maka jika di Tarik ke atas sisi inpiratif dan ghirah keagamaan adalah untuk kemaslahatan manusia, pada dimensi inilah fiqh pesantren memberikan warna yang berbeda dan menjadi inspirasi dalam perkembangan fiqh pesantren bagi peradaban dan kemaslahatan di dunia maupun di indonesia. Maka penelitian ini mengangkat tema tentang “Recontextualizing Fiqh : Fiqih In Bisnis Ethics Construction For Sustainble Economy In Attanwir Boarding School” Dengan tema ini terdapat tiga rumusan yang akan membahas: 1).Bagaimana historis pesantren kopi Attanwir  2).Bagaimana pengembangan ekonomisasi berbasis pesantren di attanwir jember 3).Bagaimana rekontektualisasi fiqih pasanteran Attanwir berbasis persantren kopi jember. Dengan kajian penelitian penulis menggunakan metode penelitian empiris dengan berbasis studi lapangan dan studi pustaka yang berdasar pada pendekatan data kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini ialah rerkontekstualisasi fiqih sebagai kontekstualisasi pesantren dalam pembangunan ekonomi sumber daya manusia dan juga sebagai perkembangan bisnis kopi berbasis pesantren at-Tanwir jember.
长老会作为宗教学习的场所,在宗教教育中提供 "桑特里 "和 "桑特里-瓦提",在长老会的教育中,几乎 90% 是教法学习,长老会教授的教法是古典教法和少量当代教法,古典教法学习仍然以中东学者的书籍为主,这些学者具有不同的社会和宗教维度、但是,如果从同一源头,即《古兰经》和圣训中汲取灵感,而宗教热情又是为了造福人类,那么,正是在这一维度上,长老会教法呈现出不同的色彩,成为长老会教法发展的灵感源泉,为世界和印尼的文明与福祉服务。因此,本研究提出了 "教法的重新语境化 "这一主题:阿坦维尔寄宿学校商业道德建设中的伊斯兰教律法促进可持续经济发展":1).阿坦维尔咖啡寄宿学校的历史如何; 2).阿坦维尔金边市以长老会为基础的经济发展如何; 3).阿坦维尔伊斯兰教法如何在金边市咖啡寄宿学校的基础上重新构建。在研究过程中,作者采用了基于实地考察的实证研究方法和基于描述性定性数据的文献研究方法。本研究的成果是将教法重新语境化,将其作为人力资源经济发展中的长老会语境,同时也作为在丹维尔金边长老会基础上发展咖啡业务的语境。
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引用次数: 0
Pengaruh Kepercayaan Konsumen dan Kualitas Produk Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Melalui Marketplace Shopee Pada Masyarakat Kabupaten Pekalongan 消费者信任和产品质量对北加龙根地区社区通过 Shopee 市场购买产品决策的影响
Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.47498/tasyri.v16i1.2425
Arifatul Aini, Hendri Hermawan Adinugraha
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh Kepercayaan Konsumen dan Kualitas Produk terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Melalui Marketplace Shopee Pada Masyarakat Kabupaten Pekalongan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan bersifat kuantitatif, data pada penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang didapatkan dari penyebaran angket (kuisioner). Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan regresi linear berganda. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan masing-masing variable bebas mempunyai hasil yang positif dan signifikan terhadap variable terikat, yaitu kepercayaan konsumen memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, kualitas produk juga memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian. Sedangkan dari pengaruh secara simultan atau bersama-sama kepercayaan konsumen dan kualitas produk mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian dengan menyatakan bahwa nilai prob. F (Statistic) sebesar 0,000000 lebih kecil dari tingkat signifikansi 0,05 Koefisien determinasinya sebesar 0,391618 yang berarti bahwa 39,16% variabel Y dipengaruhi secara langsung oleh semua variabel bebas. Sisanya 60,84% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain diluar variabel dalam penelitian. 
本研究旨在确定消费者信任和产品质量对北加龙岸社区通过 Shopee 市场购买产品的决策有多大影响。本研究采用定量方法,数据来自于发放的调查问卷(问卷)。本研究采用的分析方法是多元线性回归法。研究结果表明,各自变量对因变量均有正向显著影响,即消费者信心对购买决策有正向显著影响,产品质量对购买决策也有正向显著影响。同时,从消费者信心和产品质量对购买决策的同时或共同影响来看,prob 值。F(统计量)为 0.000000,小于显著性水平 0.05,决定系数为 0.391618,这意味着变量 Y 的 39.16%直接受所有自变量的影响。其余 60.84%受研究变量之外的其他变量影响。
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引用次数: 0
Pengaruh Kepercayaan dan Pemahaman Masyarakat Kampung Bener Pepanyi Terhadap Minat Membayar Zakat di Baitul Mal Bener Meriah Bener Pepanyi 村社区的信任和理解对 Baitul Mal Bener Meriah 缴纳天课兴趣的影响
Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.47498/tasyri.v16i1.3033
Rahmawati Rahmawati, Iskandar Iskandar, J. Putri, Sofian Sauri
Penelitian  yang berjudul “Pengaruh Kepercayaan dan Pemahaman Masyarakat Kampung Bener Pepanyi Terhadap Minat Membayar Zakat di Baitul Mal Bener Meriah”. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu (1) untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepercayaan berpengaruh terhadap minat masyarakat dalam membayar zakat di Baitul Mal Bener Meriah (2) untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemahaman berpengaruh terhadap Minat Masyarakat dalam membayar Zakat Di Baitul Mal Bener Meriah (3) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepercayaan dan pemahaman berpengaruh terhadap simultan terhadap Minat Masyarakat membayar Zakat di Baitul Mal Bener Meriah. Penelitian ini mengunakan pendekatan secara kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh antara satu variabel dengan variabel lainnya adapun variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu Minat (Y), Kepercayaan (X1), Pemahaman (X2). Adapun data yang digunakan data sekunder berupa data runtun waktu dalam model hipotesisnya. Populasi dan sample penelitian ini di ambil dari masyrakat Kampung Bener Pepanyi, Kecamatan Permata, Kabupaten Bener Meriah. Adapun jumlah yang membayar Zakat di Kampung Bener Pepanyi pada tahun 2022 sebanyak 63 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data mengunakan kouesioner. Analisa data mengunakan SPSS versi 25. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kepercayaan dan pemahaman berpengaruh terhadap minat masyarakat dalam membayar Zakat di Baitul Mal Bener Meriah. Hasil Uji F Variabel Kepercayan (X1) dan Pemahaman (X2) berpengaruh terhadap simultan terhadap Minat Masyarakat dalam Membayar Zakat di Baitul Mal Bener Meriah
题为 "Bener Pepanyi 村社区的信任和理解对 Baitul Mal Bener Meriah 缴纳天课的兴趣的影响 "的研究。本研究的目标是:(1)确定信任对 Baitul Mal Bener Meriah 的公众缴纳天课兴趣的影响;(2)确定理解对 Baitul Mal Bener Meriah 的公众缴纳天课兴趣的影响;(3)确定信任和理解同时对 Baitul Mal Bener Meriah 的公众缴纳天课兴趣的影响。本研究采用定量方法,旨在解释一个变量与另一个变量之间的影响,如本研究中的变量,即兴趣(Y)、信任(X1)和理解(X2)。假设模型中使用的数据是时间序列数据形式的二手数据。本研究的人口和样本取自 Bener Meriah 行政区 Permata 县 Kampung Bener Pepanyi 的居民。2022 年在甘榜班纳佩帕尼(Kampung Bener Pepanyi)缴纳天课的人数为 63 人。采用问卷调查的数据收集技术。根据研究结果可知,信任和理解会影响公众在 Baitul Mal Bener Meriah 缴纳天课的兴趣。F 检验变量信任(X1)和理解(X2)对 Baitul Mal Bener Meriah 的公众支付天课的兴趣同时产生影响。
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引用次数: 0
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At-Tasyri': Jurnal Ilmiah Prodi Muamalah
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