Pub Date : 2023-12-09DOI: 10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-13
E.A. Radovskaya
The article is devoted to the history of the discovery and study of 20 metal mirrors recorded in the territory of Altai in the 1920s — the first half of the 1950s. It has been established that the vast majority of products come from the monuments of the Scythian period and the Middle Ages. An analysis of the available information about the finds allowed the author of the study to identify several trends that are characteristic of this stage. During this period, the leading museum institutions of the country (the Russian Museum, the State Hermitage, the State Historical Museum) organized a number of large expeditions led by professional archaeologists (S.I. Rudenko, S.V. Kiselev, M.P. Gryaznov). Most of the metal mirrors presented in the publication come from the archaeological complexes investigated by these experts. In addition, there is an active work of employees of local museums (M.D. Kopytov, S.M. Sergeev) in the study of the ancient past of the region. In particular, they assembled a series of metal mirrors that added to the collections of the State Hermitage and the Biysk Museum of Local Lore. Another important trend ofthe designated period was the first theoretical understanding of the findings. Thus, sections related to the cultural and chronological interpretation of metal mirrors found on the territory of Altai appear in the articles and monographs of archaeologists.
{"title":"Accumulation of Information about Metal Mirrors from Altai Sites and the Formation of a Source Base in the 1920s — the First Half of the 1950s","authors":"E.A. Radovskaya","doi":"10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-13","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the history of the discovery and study of 20 metal mirrors recorded in the territory of Altai in the 1920s — the first half of the 1950s. It has been established that the vast majority of products come from the monuments of the Scythian period and the Middle Ages. An analysis of the available information about the finds allowed the author of the study to identify several trends that are characteristic of this stage. During this period, the leading museum institutions of the country (the Russian Museum, the State Hermitage, the State Historical Museum) organized a number of large expeditions led by professional archaeologists (S.I. Rudenko, S.V. Kiselev, M.P. Gryaznov). Most of the metal mirrors presented in the publication come from the archaeological complexes investigated by these experts. In addition, there is an active work of employees of local museums (M.D. Kopytov, S.M. Sergeev) in the study of the ancient past of the region. In particular, they assembled a series of metal mirrors that added to the collections of the State Hermitage and the Biysk Museum of Local Lore. Another important trend ofthe designated period was the first theoretical understanding of the findings. Thus, sections related to the cultural and chronological interpretation of metal mirrors found on the territory of Altai appear in the articles and monographs of archaeologists.","PeriodicalId":488703,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Altai State University","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-09DOI: 10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-06
E. Varova, R.M. Ziganshin
The relevance of the study is conditioned by the need to study Chinese religious buildings in order to identify the specifics of the construction of temple complexes, to reveal the features inherent in ancient temple buildings. The experience of studying temple complexes of the Tang dynasty in the context of historical research in China in the 20th century is analyzed. The monument of Buddhist Tang architecture — Foguang temple is considered. The socio-economic situation in China in the 20th century formed special conditions for the development of institutes, faculties for the study of temple building. The process of adaptation of architects to the new conditions after the Cultural Revolution was not unequivocal, as most of the temple buildings were destroyed. Only a small part of China's history remained imprinted in cult architecture, which had to be studied. As a result of historical research, new sources appear, and previously unstudied temples are introduced into scientific circulation. Among the Chinese architects of the 20th century were real connoisseurs of Chinese culture, who collected unique objects of ancient architecture, which became part of the world cultural heritage. It is concluded that in each historical epoch of temple building had its own distinctive features; temple architecture became a standard of power and might of emperors of this or that period, allowing us today to judge the achievements and knowledge of ancient architects.
{"title":"History of the Study of Chinese Traditional Architecture in the 20th Century : Specificity of Tang Dynasty Cult Objects","authors":"E. Varova, R.M. Ziganshin","doi":"10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-06","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the study is conditioned by the need to study Chinese religious buildings in order to identify the specifics of the construction of temple complexes, to reveal the features inherent in ancient temple buildings. The experience of studying temple complexes of the Tang dynasty in the context of historical research in China in the 20th century is analyzed. The monument of Buddhist Tang architecture — Foguang temple is considered. The socio-economic situation in China in the 20th century formed special conditions for the development of institutes, faculties for the study of temple building. The process of adaptation of architects to the new conditions after the Cultural Revolution was not unequivocal, as most of the temple buildings were destroyed. Only a small part of China's history remained imprinted in cult architecture, which had to be studied. As a result of historical research, new sources appear, and previously unstudied temples are introduced into scientific circulation. Among the Chinese architects of the 20th century were real connoisseurs of Chinese culture, who collected unique objects of ancient architecture, which became part of the world cultural heritage. It is concluded that in each historical epoch of temple building had its own distinctive features; temple architecture became a standard of power and might of emperors of this or that period, allowing us today to judge the achievements and knowledge of ancient architects.","PeriodicalId":488703,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Altai State University","volume":"4 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-09DOI: 10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-11
V.R. Filippov
The historical and cultural heritage of the region contains a powerful potential for its preservation and development. The more vividly colored the cultural specificity of the region, more precisely, the cultural peculiarity (and isolation) of the people living in the territory of this region, the greater the historical depth of the cultural tradition that determines the specifics of the population of the region, the more stable the local subculture (in this context, the totality of people having common features of culture and corresponding identity), the more cohesive, more stable the social group. The destruction of the historical cultural heritage, the discrediting of culture, the destruction of the cultural symbols of a particular social community inevitably entails the blurring of its boundaries, the destruction of stable social ties, and the loss of collectively shared values. During the armed confrontation between government troops and jihadist gangs in the Republic of Mali, jihadists captured the ancient cultural capital of the Sahel, the city of Timbuktu. Islamists destroyed ancient mosques and mausoleums, burned ancient manuscripts and libraries in which they were stored. It was an attempt to prevent the formation of a single national community and to prevent the creation of a multicultural nation-state.
{"title":"War in Mali: Destruction of Timbuktu Monuments","authors":"V.R. Filippov","doi":"10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-11","url":null,"abstract":"The historical and cultural heritage of the region contains a powerful potential for its preservation and development. The more vividly colored the cultural specificity of the region, more precisely, the cultural peculiarity (and isolation) of the people living in the territory of this region, the greater the historical depth of the cultural tradition that determines the specifics of the population of the region, the more stable the local subculture (in this context, the totality of people having common features of culture and corresponding identity), the more cohesive, more stable the social group. \u0000The destruction of the historical cultural heritage, the discrediting of culture, the destruction of the cultural symbols of a particular social community inevitably entails the blurring of its boundaries, the destruction of stable social ties, and the loss of collectively shared values. During the armed confrontation between government troops and jihadist gangs in the Republic of Mali, jihadists captured the ancient cultural capital of the Sahel, the city of Timbuktu. \u0000Islamists destroyed ancient mosques and mausoleums, burned ancient manuscripts and libraries in which they were stored. It was an attempt to prevent the formation of a single national community and to prevent the creation of a multicultural nation-state.","PeriodicalId":488703,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Altai State University","volume":"4 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-09DOI: 10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-07
N.A. Gudkov
This article is devoted to the analysis of ideas about the legitimacy of imperial power in the Roman Empire. Particular attention is paid to the understanding of legitimacy in the imperial period of Roman history and, in particular, Late Antiquity. The conclusion is made about the "broad" and somewhat "blurred" idea of the legitimacy of the imperial power in the Roman Empire, about the discrepancy between the modern term "legitimacy" and the ancient understanding. The elements and components of legitimacy, its main sources, institutions and ways of giving legitimacy to the new emperor who ascended the throne are presented. It is shown how the image of the legitimate emperor was inscribed in the image of the empire. Of the institutions, special attention is paid to the army as one of the most significant institutions in the election and approval of the new emperor. Methods for recognizing imperial power by referring to the "divine" principle: pagan gods, and, subsequently, to Christianity, are also considered. The reasons for the process of loss of legitimacy by the rulers of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD are analyzed. The transfer of legitimacy from political institutions and the empire to a single emperor, characteristic of the Roman political consciousness, is shown.
{"title":"Representation of the Legitimacy of Imperial Power in the Roman Empire","authors":"N.A. Gudkov","doi":"10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-07","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to the analysis of ideas about the legitimacy of imperial power in the Roman Empire. Particular attention is paid to the understanding of legitimacy in the imperial period of Roman history and, in particular, Late Antiquity. The conclusion is made about the \"broad\" and somewhat \"blurred\" idea of the legitimacy of the imperial power in the Roman Empire, about the discrepancy between the modern term \"legitimacy\" and the ancient understanding. The elements and components of legitimacy, its main sources, institutions and ways of giving legitimacy to the new emperor who ascended the throne are presented. It is shown how the image of the legitimate emperor was inscribed in the image of the empire. Of the institutions, special attention is paid to the army as one of the most significant institutions in the election and approval of the new emperor. Methods for recognizing imperial power by referring to the \"divine\" principle: pagan gods, and, subsequently, to Christianity, are also considered. The reasons for the process of loss of legitimacy by the rulers of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD are analyzed. The transfer of legitimacy from political institutions and the empire to a single emperor, characteristic of the Roman political consciousness, is shown.","PeriodicalId":488703,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Altai State University","volume":"5 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-09DOI: 10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-09
A.V. Karpov
The article examines the historiography of studies devoted to various components of urban space and approaches to its study in Russian historical urban studies. It is noted that in most of the studies on the history of the city, the urban space is considered only partially, from the point of view of a separate aspect, which often does not allow to form a complete picture. The authors trace the formation of modern trends in the study of the city as a historical phenomenon, highlight the main components of the concept of "urban space", the study of which together allows you to make a synthetic description of the city space and trace its changes in the historical perspective, such as natural landscape conditions, development, zoning, culture, as well as the activities of the citizens themselves. Each of these aspects contains a separate layer of characteristics that are significant for understanding urban space. From the point of view of the historical process, the importance of each of these components for the representativeness of research findings is traced. The importance of multidimensional analysis of the city's space to identify patterns of historical development is emphasized. The conclusions reflect the main trends in the study of urban space in different periods.
{"title":"Urban Space and Its Structural Components Study in Russian Historiography","authors":"A.V. Karpov","doi":"10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-09","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the historiography of studies devoted to various components of urban space and approaches to its study in Russian historical urban studies. It is noted that in most of the studies on the history of the city, the urban space is considered only partially, from the point of view of a separate aspect, which often does not allow to form a complete picture. The authors trace the formation of modern trends in the study of the city as a historical phenomenon, highlight the main components of the concept of \"urban space\", the study of which together allows you to make a synthetic description of the city space and trace its changes in the historical perspective, such as natural landscape conditions, development, zoning, culture, as well as the activities of the citizens themselves. Each of these aspects contains a separate layer of characteristics that are significant for understanding urban space. From the point of view of the historical process, the importance of each of these components for the representativeness of research findings is traced. The importance of multidimensional analysis of the city's space to identify patterns of historical development is emphasized. The conclusions reflect the main trends in the study of urban space in different periods.","PeriodicalId":488703,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Altai State University","volume":"5 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-09DOI: 10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-12
Y. Tsyryapkina
The article analyzes the particular aspects of national policy in Turkestan ASSR in early Soviet period. It is shown that based on the thesis of the RSDLP «the right of nations to self-determination» and the «Declaration of the Rights of the Nations of Russia» in the Turkestan ASSR since 1919-1920, the regular realization of national policy through various methods and mechanisms started: the selection of sections on ethnic groups in the Commissariat for national affairs, the realization of cultural and educational activities of ethnic minorities in their native language, the organization of literacy courses in their native language and documentation in the language characteristic of the most of the population of the region inside Turkestan, the realization of the process of territorial redistriction of okrugs in according to the «national» structure since 1920. It is shown that national delimitation was one of the ways to contend with pan-Turkist moods and the Basmach movement. It is proved that in 1924 the compromise was made between the national and economic principle of the allocation of republics inside Turkestan. In 1925 the national-territorial delimitation of the region was realized on the basis of these principles.
{"title":"National Policy and the Process of National-Territorial Delimitation of Turkestan (1918-1925)","authors":"Y. Tsyryapkina","doi":"10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-12","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the particular aspects of national policy in Turkestan ASSR in early Soviet period. It is shown that based on the thesis of the RSDLP «the right of nations to self-determination» and the «Declaration of the Rights of the Nations of Russia» in the Turkestan ASSR since 1919-1920, the regular realization of national policy through various methods and mechanisms started: the selection of sections on ethnic groups in the Commissariat for national affairs, the realization of cultural and educational activities of ethnic minorities in their native language, the organization of literacy courses in their native language and documentation in the language characteristic of the most of the population of the region inside Turkestan, the realization of the process of territorial redistriction of okrugs in according to the «national» structure since 1920. It is shown that national delimitation was one of the ways to contend with pan-Turkist moods and the Basmach movement. It is proved that in 1924 the compromise was made between the national and economic principle of the allocation of republics inside Turkestan. In 1925 the national-territorial delimitation of the region was realized on the basis of these principles.","PeriodicalId":488703,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Altai State University","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-09DOI: 10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-03
I. N. Nikulina, Елена Владимировна Серак
The topic of the Siberian exile of the participants of the January Insurrection (1863-1864) is one of the most important and complex, occupying a special place both in Russian history and in the history of neighboring countries. The relevance of this problem is determined by the importance of this event, which had a great impact on the formation of Russian-Polish relations in the 19th century, the need for a detailed study of the life of the participants of the insurrection in Siberian exile. Extremely difficult interstate relations in the modern world cause an acute need to address the historical experience of cohabitation and interaction of exiles of different nationalities who found themselves in Siberian conditions in the second half of the 19th century. In this regard, there is a need for further in-depth study of the living conditions of exiles in Siberia, their relationship with the administration and the local population. The article deals with the period of stay in Altai of the participants of the January Insurrection (1863-1864), exiled from Mogilev, Minsk, Vitebsk, Grodno provinces. Based on the available sources, the work reflects the issues of the number, places of accommodation, material situation, activities of the exiles, supplemented with details of their biography. Some of the exiles served as scribes, accountants, engaged in education, crafts, beekeeping, having a significant impact on the development of the local population. In the process of direct communication in the conditions of living in Altai, interethnic relations and contacts between the exiles were formed.
{"title":"Exiled Participants of the January Insurrection in Altai (1863-1864)","authors":"I. N. Nikulina, Елена Владимировна Серак","doi":"10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-03","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of the Siberian exile of the participants of the January Insurrection (1863-1864) is one of the most important and complex, occupying a special place both in Russian history and in the history of neighboring countries. The relevance of this problem is determined by the importance of this event, which had a great impact on the formation of Russian-Polish relations in the 19th century, the need for a detailed study of the life of the participants of the insurrection in Siberian exile. Extremely difficult interstate relations in the modern world cause an acute need to address the historical experience of cohabitation and interaction of exiles of different nationalities who found themselves in Siberian conditions in the second half of the 19th century. In this regard, there is a need for further in-depth study of the living conditions of exiles in Siberia, their relationship with the administration and the local population. The article deals with the period of stay in Altai of the participants of the January Insurrection (1863-1864), exiled from Mogilev, Minsk, Vitebsk, Grodno provinces. Based on the available sources, the work reflects the issues of the number, places of accommodation, material situation, activities of the exiles, supplemented with details of their biography. Some of the exiles served as scribes, accountants, engaged in education, crafts, beekeeping, having a significant impact on the development of the local population. In the process of direct communication in the conditions of living in Altai, interethnic relations and contacts between the exiles were formed.","PeriodicalId":488703,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Altai State University","volume":"5 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138586016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-09DOI: 10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-05
S.A. Papkov
The article deals with the peculiarities of agricultural development in Siberia during the war. An assessment of the main losses of labor resources and material base of the region is given. The role of emergency laws in the field of labor and the consequences of their application are described. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the government decree on the minimum of collective farm labor and the scope of application of criminal liability for its non-compliance. The significance of the use of Article 61 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR about the failure to fulfill the state burdens is also revealed. The problem of mass starvation during the war years as a consequence of the destruction of the foundations of the agrarian economy is touched upon. It is noted that the famine in the rural areas of Siberia had already spread on the eve of the war, but most widely affected the population of the village in 1943-1944. A number of new historical facts and statistical data characterizing the situation of agriculture and the peasantry in Siberia during the war are introduced into scientific circulation. Concludes that measures of judicial threat did not play a decisive role during the war, and that motivation to work was determined by personal and collective responsibility of rural toilers. Keywords: Great Patriotic War, World War II, agriculture, livestock, Siberia, resources, peasantry, emergency laws.
{"title":"Agrarian Economy of Siberia and Emergency Legislation during the Great Patriotic War","authors":"S.A. Papkov","doi":"10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-05","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the peculiarities of agricultural development in Siberia during the war. An assessment of the main losses of labor resources and material base of the region is given. The role of emergency laws in the field of labor and the consequences of their application are described. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the government decree on the minimum of collective farm labor and the scope of application of criminal liability for its non-compliance. The significance of the use of Article 61 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR about the failure to fulfill the state burdens is also revealed. The problem of mass starvation during the war years as a consequence of the destruction of the foundations of the agrarian economy is touched upon. It is noted that the famine in the rural areas of Siberia had already spread on the eve of the war, but most widely affected the population of the village in 1943-1944. A number of new historical facts and statistical data characterizing the situation of agriculture and the peasantry in Siberia during the war are introduced into scientific circulation. Concludes that measures of judicial threat did not play a decisive role during the war, and that motivation to work was determined by personal and collective responsibility of rural toilers. Keywords: Great Patriotic War, World War II, agriculture, livestock, Siberia, resources, peasantry, emergency laws.","PeriodicalId":488703,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Altai State University","volume":"2 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138586154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-02
D.S. Morozov, V.N. Razgon
The article describes the process of implementing a campaign against «sycophancy towards the West» in higher education institutions of the largest university and scientific center of Siberia — Tomsk. The role of central and regional party bodies in the organization of the campaign, the mechanism of its implementation, and the consequences for the higher school of the region are shown. The campaign was generated by the desire of the Stalinist regime to protect the Soviet intelligentsia from the influence of liberal ideas in the face of increasing confrontation with the West in connection with the beginning of the Cold War. It included ideological measures aimed at strengthening the propaganda of «Soviet patriotism» and criticism of professors and researchers accused of "blind worship" of the culture and scientific authorities of the bourgeois West. "Moral repression" was combined with the dismissal of some professors, at the same time, due to the lack of scientific personnel, highly qualified scientists from the European part of the country who arrived in Tomsk as a result of persecution were hired at local universities. This campaign aimed at isolating domestic science and education and more intensive use of the mobilization resources of the socialist system, on the one hand, contributed to the intensification of scientific research in areas that were considered critical for military-technological confrontation with the West and demonstrating the superiority of socialism, and on the other hand, contributed to the deepening of the backlog of most scientific areas forced to develop in isolation from the achievements of world science.
{"title":"Implementation of Party-Ideological Campaign against the «Sycophancy towards the West» in Tomsk Higher Education Institutions (1947-1948)","authors":"D.S. Morozov, V.N. Razgon","doi":"10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-02","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the process of implementing a campaign against «sycophancy towards the West» in higher education institutions of the largest university and scientific center of Siberia — Tomsk. The role of central and regional party bodies in the organization of the campaign, the mechanism of its implementation, and the consequences for the higher school of the region are shown. \u0000The campaign was generated by the desire of the Stalinist regime to protect the Soviet intelligentsia from the influence of liberal ideas in the face of increasing confrontation with the West in connection with the beginning of the Cold War. It included ideological measures aimed at strengthening the propaganda of «Soviet patriotism» and criticism of professors and researchers accused of \"blind worship\" of the culture and scientific authorities of the bourgeois West. \"Moral repression\" was combined with the dismissal of some professors, at the same time, due to the lack of scientific personnel, highly qualified scientists from the European part of the country who arrived in Tomsk as a result of persecution were hired at local universities. \u0000This campaign aimed at isolating domestic science and education and more intensive use of the mobilization resources of the socialist system, on the one hand, contributed to the intensification of scientific research in areas that were considered critical for military-technological confrontation with the West and demonstrating the superiority of socialism, and on the other hand, contributed to the deepening of the backlog of most scientific areas forced to develop in isolation from the achievements of world science.","PeriodicalId":488703,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Altai State University","volume":"41 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138588438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-01
Yu.V. Golovinova, A. V. Golovinov
The presented publication is aimed at researching within the elite processes taking place within the framework of the socio-professional group of the party-administrative administrative apparatus of the Altai Territory in the beginning of the 1960s. Archival sources are analyzed. First of all, the documentation stored in the State Archive of the Altai Territory. In particular, the protocols and transcripts of regional party conferences. The study is based on the methodology of the “new social history”, since it is precisely such tools that allow us to consider the party and administrative elite of the Altai Territory as a special social group. The authors note that the 1960s became the time to search for ways to transform the professional activities of the state-economic apparatus of power, both at the level of the highest Soviet administrative elite, and in its regional variations. It has been established that the main vector of transformations in the professional activities of the party-administrative elite of the Altai Territory in the 1960s the fight against violations of party-state discipline. Such problems as excessive bureaucracy, isolation and abstraction from the real state of affairs, irresponsibility and negligence of the regional administrative apparatus were highlighted.
{"title":"Problems of Restructuring the Work Style and Strengthening Discipline of the Party-Administrative Elite of the Altai Territory in the Early 1960s","authors":"Yu.V. Golovinova, A. V. Golovinov","doi":"10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-01","url":null,"abstract":"The presented publication is aimed at researching within the elite processes taking place within the framework of the socio-professional group of the party-administrative administrative apparatus of the Altai Territory in the beginning of the 1960s. Archival sources are analyzed. First of all, the documentation stored in the State Archive of the Altai Territory. In particular, the protocols and transcripts of regional party conferences. The study is based on the methodology of the “new social history”, since it is precisely such tools that allow us to consider the party and administrative elite of the Altai Territory as a special social group. \u0000The authors note that the 1960s became the time to search for ways to transform the professional activities of the state-economic apparatus of power, both at the level of the highest Soviet administrative elite, and in its regional variations. \u0000It has been established that the main vector of transformations in the professional activities of the party-administrative elite of the Altai Territory in the 1960s the fight against violations of party-state discipline. Such problems as excessive bureaucracy, isolation and abstraction from the real state of affairs, irresponsibility and negligence of the regional administrative apparatus were highlighted.","PeriodicalId":488703,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Altai State University","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138587556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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