Pub Date : 2023-06-09DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-66960
Isaac Alves da Silva Freitas, Francisco Bezerra Neto, Jailma Suerda Silva de Lima, Jéssica Paloma Pinheiro da Silva, Rayanna Campos Ferreira, Natan Medeiros Guerra
One of the challenges of the scientific research on sweet potatoes in semi-arid environments is to increase biomass amounts of spontaneous species from the Caatinga biome, such as hairy woodrose (Merremia aegyptia L.) and roostertree (Calotropis procera Ait.), for use as green fertilizers during cultivation. Therefore, this study aimed to agronomically and economically optimize the agronomic characteristics of sweet potato root production in a monoculture, fertilized with equal amounts of biomass mixture of these spontaneous species, over two years of cultivation. The experimental design was complete randomized blocks with five treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of equal amounts of hairy woodrose and roostertree biomass at 16, 29, 42, 55, and 68 t ha-1 on a dry basis. An additional sweet potato treatment was planted in each experiment, one without fertilizers (control) and another with mineral fertilizer, to compare with the treatment of maximum physical or economic efficiency. Sweet potato fertilization obtained the maximum optimized productive efficiency by incorporating 46.97 t ha-1 of dry biomass of M. aegyptia and C. procera into the soil. The maximum optimized agroeconomic efficiency (based on net income) of sweet potato cultivation occurred by adding 41.55 t ha-1 of dry biomass of M. aegyptia and C. procera to the soil. Using biomass from the green fertilizers M. aegyptia and C. procera is a viable technology for producers who practice sweet potato monocropping in semi-arid environments.
半干旱环境下红薯科学研究的挑战之一是增加Caatinga生物群落中自发物种的生物量，如毛木糖(Merremia aegyptia L.)和鸡柳(Calotropis procera Ait.)，在种植过程中用作绿色肥料。因此，本研究旨在对单作甘薯根系生产的农艺特性进行农学和经济上的优化，在两年的栽培过程中，施用等量的这些自发物种的生物量混合物。试验设计为完全随机分组，5个处理，5个重复。各处理分别在16、29、42、55和68 t hm -1干地处理毛木糖和鸡柳生物量。在每个试验中，另外种植一种甘薯处理，一种不施肥(对照)，另一种施用矿肥，以比较最大物理或经济效率的处理。在甘薯施肥条件下，埃及白僵菌和粗僵菌的干生物量为46.97 t hm -1，获得了最大的优化生产效率。在甘薯种植过程中，向土壤中添加41.55 t hm -1的埃及稻蛾和原叶稻蛾干生物量可获得最大的优化农业经济效益(以净收入为基础)。对于在半干旱环境中实行甘薯单作的生产者来说，利用绿色肥料埃及绿霉和青霉的生物质是一项可行的技术。
{"title":"Agronomic characteristics and optimized sweet potato root production in monoculture under green manuring","authors":"Isaac Alves da Silva Freitas, Francisco Bezerra Neto, Jailma Suerda Silva de Lima, Jéssica Paloma Pinheiro da Silva, Rayanna Campos Ferreira, Natan Medeiros Guerra","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-66960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-66960","url":null,"abstract":"One of the challenges of the scientific research on sweet potatoes in semi-arid environments is to increase biomass amounts of spontaneous species from the Caatinga biome, such as hairy woodrose (Merremia aegyptia L.) and roostertree (Calotropis procera Ait.), for use as green fertilizers during cultivation. Therefore, this study aimed to agronomically and economically optimize the agronomic characteristics of sweet potato root production in a monoculture, fertilized with equal amounts of biomass mixture of these spontaneous species, over two years of cultivation. The experimental design was complete randomized blocks with five treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of equal amounts of hairy woodrose and roostertree biomass at 16, 29, 42, 55, and 68 t ha-1 on a dry basis. An additional sweet potato treatment was planted in each experiment, one without fertilizers (control) and another with mineral fertilizer, to compare with the treatment of maximum physical or economic efficiency. Sweet potato fertilization obtained the maximum optimized productive efficiency by incorporating 46.97 t ha-1 of dry biomass of M. aegyptia and C. procera into the soil. The maximum optimized agroeconomic efficiency (based on net income) of sweet potato cultivation occurred by adding 41.55 t ha-1 of dry biomass of M. aegyptia and C. procera to the soil. Using biomass from the green fertilizers M. aegyptia and C. procera is a viable technology for producers who practice sweet potato monocropping in semi-arid environments.","PeriodicalId":48946,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":"109 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135160321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-05DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65745
Gomathi Munusamy, Ramesh Shanmugam
The purpose of this review was to reach a consensus on the evidence of the literature investigating multiple school-based interventions (physical activity, diet, and sedentary behavior) to prevent or reduce high body mass index z-score and waist circumference among adolescents. A systematic search of five electronic databases: Pubmed, MEDLINE, Science Direct Index, HINARI, and Google Scholar were conducted to identify published studies between January 2010 and December 2020. Only studies that used randomized controlled trials to assess the effects of physical activity and/or physical education, nutritional education and/or dietary behavior, and sedentary behavior on adolescents’ body mass index z-score and waist circumference were included. The risk of bias in credible studies was evaluated using the Standard Cochrane tool. A random effects model was used to assess the impact of the interventions included on the waist circumference and body mass index z-score. Of the 2,090 citations reviewed, n = 1,954 (789 interventions, 1,165 controls) from five studies were included. Overall, a minimally significant reduction was found in BMI z-score MD -0.05 [95% CI: -0.20, 0.11, p-value < 0.0001, I2 = 87%] and waist circumference MD -0.97 [95% CI: -1.53, -0.42, p-value = 0.26, I2 = 25%] between 3 to 12 months than 12 to 24 months. Multiple school-based interventions for adolescents that last between three and twelve months are more successful. Further study should focus on the effect of coupled components on the efficacy of multicomponent therapies integrated with theoretical/conceptual aspects.
{"title":"Prevention and Interventional Strategies of Adolescent Obesity / Overweight - Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 10 Years Research","authors":"Gomathi Munusamy, Ramesh Shanmugam","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65745","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this review was to reach a consensus on the evidence of the literature investigating multiple school-based interventions (physical activity, diet, and sedentary behavior) to prevent or reduce high body mass index z-score and waist circumference among adolescents. A systematic search of five electronic databases: Pubmed, MEDLINE, Science Direct Index, HINARI, and Google Scholar were conducted to identify published studies between January 2010 and December 2020. Only studies that used randomized controlled trials to assess the effects of physical activity and/or physical education, nutritional education and/or dietary behavior, and sedentary behavior on adolescents’ body mass index z-score and waist circumference were included. The risk of bias in credible studies was evaluated using the Standard Cochrane tool. A random effects model was used to assess the impact of the interventions included on the waist circumference and body mass index z-score. Of the 2,090 citations reviewed, n = 1,954 (789 interventions, 1,165 controls) from five studies were included. Overall, a minimally significant reduction was found in BMI z-score MD -0.05 [95% CI: -0.20, 0.11, p-value < 0.0001, I2 = 87%] and waist circumference MD -0.97 [95% CI: -1.53, -0.42, p-value = 0.26, I2 = 25%] between 3 to 12 months than 12 to 24 months. Multiple school-based interventions for adolescents that last between three and twelve months are more successful. Further study should focus on the effect of coupled components on the efficacy of multicomponent therapies integrated with theoretical/conceptual aspects.","PeriodicalId":48946,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136231634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.14393/bj-v35n1a2019-37137
R. Barbosa, A. Lima, Emily Lira Simões, Elilson Gomes de Brito Filho, M. Campos, J. M. Cunha, B. C. Mantovanelli, D. M. P. Silva, F. G. Souza
: Archeological Dark Earths (ADEs) are fertility soils that are notoriously superior to the vast majority of soils typical of the Amazon region. The study on ADEs has intensified due to the good characteristics presented by these soils, such as high concentration of nutrients (phosphorus, calcium, magnesium). In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial distribution of soil chemical attributes in an area of black archeological earth soil under cocoa cultivation in the municipality of Apuí (AM). The mapping of a 42 x 88 m mesh, with irregular spacing of 6 x 8 m, totaling 88 points, was carried out, and then soil samples were collected at depths of 0.0-0.05; 0.05-0.10; (pH, O.C, Sto C, (H+Al), P, K, Ca, Mg, SB, CEC and V%). Data were analyzed using descriptive and geostatistical statistics techniques. The mean and median values were adjusted to the near values, indicating normal distribution, while the soil chemical attributes were adjusted to the spherical and exponential semivariograms models. The majority of the attributes presented coefficient of variation (CV) between 12.1 and 60%, characterized as average variability, the variables in the study presented different ranges and most of them had a strong spatial dependence. The geostatistical techniques used allowed the adjustments of the theoretical models that best represented the experimental semivariance, thus enabling the construction of thematic maps of the spatial distribution of the values of the attributes of the studied area.
{"title":"Spatial variation of chemical attributes in archaeological dark earth under cocoa cultivation in Western Amazon","authors":"R. Barbosa, A. Lima, Emily Lira Simões, Elilson Gomes de Brito Filho, M. Campos, J. M. Cunha, B. C. Mantovanelli, D. M. P. Silva, F. G. Souza","doi":"10.14393/bj-v35n1a2019-37137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v35n1a2019-37137","url":null,"abstract":": Archeological Dark Earths (ADEs) are fertility soils that are notoriously superior to the vast majority of soils typical of the Amazon region. The study on ADEs has intensified due to the good characteristics presented by these soils, such as high concentration of nutrients (phosphorus, calcium, magnesium). In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial distribution of soil chemical attributes in an area of black archeological earth soil under cocoa cultivation in the municipality of Apuí (AM). The mapping of a 42 x 88 m mesh, with irregular spacing of 6 x 8 m, totaling 88 points, was carried out, and then soil samples were collected at depths of 0.0-0.05; 0.05-0.10; (pH, O.C, Sto C, (H+Al), P, K, Ca, Mg, SB, CEC and V%). Data were analyzed using descriptive and geostatistical statistics techniques. The mean and median values were adjusted to the near values, indicating normal distribution, while the soil chemical attributes were adjusted to the spherical and exponential semivariograms models. The majority of the attributes presented coefficient of variation (CV) between 12.1 and 60%, characterized as average variability, the variables in the study presented different ranges and most of them had a strong spatial dependence. The geostatistical techniques used allowed the adjustments of the theoretical models that best represented the experimental semivariance, thus enabling the construction of thematic maps of the spatial distribution of the values of the attributes of the studied area.","PeriodicalId":48946,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82548003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.14393/bj-v34n5a2018-39414
R. P. Gomes, Milton C C Campos, W. Brito, J. M. Cunha, A. Muniz, L. S. Silva, E. D. Souza, I. A. Oliveira, L. Freitas
: Having in mind the importance of knowing the variability and spatial correlation of soil properties in Indian Dark Earth (IDE), we evaluated in this study the variability and the spatial correlation of aggregates and carbon in an Ultisol under coffee cultivation in southern Amazonas. It was established a 48 x 88 m sampling grid spaced 06 x 08 m, totalling 88 sampling points. Then soil samples were collected at: 0.0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.20 m layers. The spatial variability of the Mean Weighted Diameter (MWD) attributes, aggregates > 2 mm, < 2 mm, bulk density (BD) and organic carbon (OC) was analyzed by adjusting the simple semivariograms, while spatial correlations of the OC with aggregates and BD were analyzed by cross-semivariogram. We could conclude that there was spatial dependence in the variables, wherein the largest ones were observed at 0.0-0.05 m, except for Mean Weighted Diameter (MWD) and aggregates greater than 2.00 mm with larger range of values in depth from 0.05-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m. The mean weight diameter and aggregate class attributes greater than 2.00 mm had negative spatial correlation with organic carbon at 0.0-0.05 m, while the smaller aggregates than 2.00 mm classes and bulk density correlated positively with organic carbon at 0.0-0.05 m and 0.10-0.20 m.
{"title":"Variability and spatial correlation of aggregates and organic carbon in indian dark earth in Apuí region, AM","authors":"R. P. Gomes, Milton C C Campos, W. Brito, J. M. Cunha, A. Muniz, L. S. Silva, E. D. Souza, I. A. Oliveira, L. Freitas","doi":"10.14393/bj-v34n5a2018-39414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v34n5a2018-39414","url":null,"abstract":": Having in mind the importance of knowing the variability and spatial correlation of soil properties in Indian Dark Earth (IDE), we evaluated in this study the variability and the spatial correlation of aggregates and carbon in an Ultisol under coffee cultivation in southern Amazonas. It was established a 48 x 88 m sampling grid spaced 06 x 08 m, totalling 88 sampling points. Then soil samples were collected at: 0.0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.20 m layers. The spatial variability of the Mean Weighted Diameter (MWD) attributes, aggregates > 2 mm, < 2 mm, bulk density (BD) and organic carbon (OC) was analyzed by adjusting the simple semivariograms, while spatial correlations of the OC with aggregates and BD were analyzed by cross-semivariogram. We could conclude that there was spatial dependence in the variables, wherein the largest ones were observed at 0.0-0.05 m, except for Mean Weighted Diameter (MWD) and aggregates greater than 2.00 mm with larger range of values in depth from 0.05-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m. The mean weight diameter and aggregate class attributes greater than 2.00 mm had negative spatial correlation with organic carbon at 0.0-0.05 m, while the smaller aggregates than 2.00 mm classes and bulk density correlated positively with organic carbon at 0.0-0.05 m and 0.10-0.20 m.","PeriodicalId":48946,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"1188-1199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90095906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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