Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.20473/aksona.v4i1.51648
A. Purwandhono, Jasmine Tartila, Jauhar Firdaus
Highlight: Primary brain tumors have high mortality and morbidity rates. Organophosphate pesticides are commonly used by farmers. Chronic exposure to organophosphate pesticides can increase the incidence of primary brain tumors farmers. ABSTRACT Introduction: Primary brain tumors have high mortality and morbidity rates. Its causes and risk factors have not been explored further. Several studies indicate that exposure to pesticides can be one of the main triggering factors. Organophosphate insecticide is one of the most common pesticides used by farmers. Chronic exposure to organophosphates is known to trigger an imbalance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body by suppressing the acetylcholinesterase enzyme. Objective: This study aimed to determine the impact of chronic exposure to organophosphates in terms of the types of organophosphates used by farmers, frequency of usage, and duration of exposure, using a narrative review method. Methods: A literature search was conducted with multiple electronic databases, such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Springer. The keywords will be searched using the boolean operator method, while synonyms will be found in the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) database. Articles were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) Questionnaire. Results: There were 1071 articles found, but only 14 were selected for review. The studies showed that there was a relationship between the type, frequency, and duration of organophosphate usage and the incidence and risk factors for primary brain tumors. Conclusion: Chronic exposure to organophosphate pesticides, either directly or indirectly, can increase the incidence of primary brain tumors in farmers. The influencing factors include the type, frequency, and duration of pesticide exposure. The most influential factor is the duration of chronic pesticide exposure by farmers. Pesticide reduction exposure is beneficial in preventing the incidence of primary brain tumors in farmers.
{"title":"The Impact of Chronic Exposure to Organophosphate Pesticides on the Incidence of Primary Brain Tumors in Farmers: A Narrative Review","authors":"A. Purwandhono, Jasmine Tartila, Jauhar Firdaus","doi":"10.20473/aksona.v4i1.51648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/aksona.v4i1.51648","url":null,"abstract":"Highlight:\u0000\u0000Primary brain tumors have high mortality and morbidity rates.\u0000Organophosphate pesticides are commonly used by farmers.\u0000Chronic exposure to organophosphate pesticides can increase the incidence of primary brain tumors farmers.\u0000\u0000 \u0000ABSTRACT\u0000Introduction: Primary brain tumors have high mortality and morbidity rates. Its causes and risk factors have not been explored further. Several studies indicate that exposure to pesticides can be one of the main triggering factors. Organophosphate insecticide is one of the most common pesticides used by farmers. Chronic exposure to organophosphates is known to trigger an imbalance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body by suppressing the acetylcholinesterase enzyme. Objective: This study aimed to determine the impact of chronic exposure to organophosphates in terms of the types of organophosphates used by farmers, frequency of usage, and duration of exposure, using a narrative review method. Methods: A literature search was conducted with multiple electronic databases, such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Springer. The keywords will be searched using the boolean operator method, while synonyms will be found in the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) database. Articles were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) Questionnaire. Results: There were 1071 articles found, but only 14 were selected for review. The studies showed that there was a relationship between the type, frequency, and duration of organophosphate usage and the incidence and risk factors for primary brain tumors. Conclusion: Chronic exposure to organophosphate pesticides, either directly or indirectly, can increase the incidence of primary brain tumors in farmers. The influencing factors include the type, frequency, and duration of pesticide exposure. The most influential factor is the duration of chronic pesticide exposure by farmers. Pesticide reduction exposure is beneficial in preventing the incidence of primary brain tumors in farmers.\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":492504,"journal":{"name":"AKSONA","volume":"414 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140473406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Highlight: The majority of stroke cases at Blambangan General Hospital in Banyuwangi are ischemic strokes. The age group that experienced the most strokes was >40 years. The gender that experienced the most strokes was female. ABSTRACT Introduction: Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity in Indonesia. It significantly contributes to the overall burden of disease and places a substantial impact on the health of the population in Indonesia. Objective: The purpose of this study was to show the incidence of stroke cases in the Blambangan General Hospital in Banyuwangi. Understanding the prevalence of strokes at this particular hospital is critical for identifying patterns, improving patient care, and taking preventive actions to deal with this important health issue. Methods: This study used a retrospective cross-sectional sampling method to look at all 342 inpatient stroke cases that were treated in the neurology department of Blambangan General Hospital in Banyuwangi in 2022. All of their data was collected and analyzed. Results: Most cases of stroke in this study were ischemic strokes, with a total of 212 cases (62.0% of all cases). The age group that experienced the most strokes was over 40 years old (96.2%) and female (56.4%). More than half of stroke patients had hypertension, and 80.1% had diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: This study found that ischemic stroke survivors, mostly female and aged over 40, were frequently associated with diabetes mellitus and hypertension. These findings provide insights into the frequency of these stroke types within the examined population.
{"title":"Incidence of Stroke Cases at Blambangan General Hospital of Banyuwangi in January-December 2022: A Descriptive Study","authors":"Riani Dwi Hastuti, Andar Setyawan, Indah Ari Handayani, Putri Nabila Khalisha","doi":"10.20473/aksona.v4i1.47492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/aksona.v4i1.47492","url":null,"abstract":"Highlight:\u0000\u0000The majority of stroke cases at Blambangan General Hospital in Banyuwangi are ischemic strokes.\u0000The age group that experienced the most strokes was >40 years.\u0000The gender that experienced the most strokes was female.\u0000\u0000 \u0000ABSTRACT\u0000Introduction: Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity in Indonesia. It significantly contributes to the overall burden of disease and places a substantial impact on the health of the population in Indonesia. Objective: The purpose of this study was to show the incidence of stroke cases in the Blambangan General Hospital in Banyuwangi. Understanding the prevalence of strokes at this particular hospital is critical for identifying patterns, improving patient care, and taking preventive actions to deal with this important health issue. Methods: This study used a retrospective cross-sectional sampling method to look at all 342 inpatient stroke cases that were treated in the neurology department of Blambangan General Hospital in Banyuwangi in 2022. All of their data was collected and analyzed. Results: Most cases of stroke in this study were ischemic strokes, with a total of 212 cases (62.0% of all cases). The age group that experienced the most strokes was over 40 years old (96.2%) and female (56.4%). More than half of stroke patients had hypertension, and 80.1% had diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: This study found that ischemic stroke survivors, mostly female and aged over 40, were frequently associated with diabetes mellitus and hypertension. These findings provide insights into the frequency of these stroke types within the examined population.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":492504,"journal":{"name":"AKSONA","volume":"90 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140477759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.20473/aksona.v4i1.45453
Medio Yoga Pratama
Highlight: Meningitis is an infectious disease of the brain membranes and spinal cord. Bacterial meningitis is a severe infection with high mortality and morbidity rates and can be one of the causes of fever in postpartum patients. The most common pathogen that can cause bacterial meningitis is Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS), which causes most of the cases. ABSTRACT Introduction: Meningitis is an infectious disease of the brain membranes and spinal cord. Viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, or aseptic actions can all cause meningitis. Bacterial meningitis is a severe infection with high mortality and morbidity rates that can induce fever in postpartum patients. The incidence of invasive Streptococcus agalactiae Group B (SGB) in pregnant women reached 31.58%; the older the pregnant woman, the greater the risk of invasive SGB. Case: The patient came to the emergency room with unconsciousness, fever, and shortness of breath. The patient presented with Ronchi +, neck stiffness +, and GCS E1M1V1. A chest X-ray found cardiomegaly as well as pulmonary edema. A full blood count indicated leukocytosis, increased neutrophils, elevated SGOT and SGPT levels, and lymphocytopenia. The patient was then given antipyretics, anticonvulsants, neurotonics, neurotrophics, diuretics, antihypertensives, and antianginals. Conclusion: In this study, it can be determined whether infection during pregnancy or labor can cause postpartum meningitis. The most common pathogen that can cause bacterial meningitis is Streptococcus agalactiae Group B (SGB), which causes most cases. Early diagnosis of postpartum meningitis is important in order to begin as soon as possible and achieve the best results for the patient's recovery.
亮点：脑膜炎是脑膜和脊髓的感染性疾病。细菌性脑膜炎是一种严重的感染，死亡率和发病率都很高，也可能是产后患者发烧的原因之一。最常见的病原体是无乳链球菌（GBS），大多数病例都是由它引起的。ABSTRACTIntroduction：脑膜炎是一种脑膜和脊髓感染性疾病。病毒、细菌、真菌、寄生虫或无菌操作均可引起脑膜炎。细菌性脑膜炎是一种严重的感染，死亡率和发病率都很高，可诱发产后患者发热。孕妇中侵袭性乙型半乳链球菌（SGB）的发病率高达 31.58%；孕妇年龄越大，侵袭性 SGB 的风险越高。病例：患者因昏迷、发热和呼吸急促来到急诊室。患者表现为 Ronchi +，颈部僵硬 +，GCS E1M1V1。胸部 X 光检查发现心脏肿大和肺水肿。全血细胞计数显示白细胞增多、中性粒细胞增加、SGOT 和 SGPT 水平升高以及淋巴细胞减少。随后，医生给患者服用了退烧药、抗惊厥药、神经妥乐平、神经营养药、利尿药、降压药和抗血管紧张素。结论通过这项研究，可以确定孕期或分娩期感染是否会导致产后脑膜炎。可引起细菌性脑膜炎的最常见病原体是 B 组无乳症链球菌（SGB），它是大多数病例的病原体。产后脑膜炎的早期诊断非常重要，这样才能尽快开始治疗，并为患者的恢复取得最佳效果。
{"title":"Case Report: Meningitis in Postpartum","authors":"Medio Yoga Pratama","doi":"10.20473/aksona.v4i1.45453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/aksona.v4i1.45453","url":null,"abstract":"Highlight:\u0000\u0000Meningitis is an infectious disease of the brain membranes and spinal cord.\u0000Bacterial meningitis is a severe infection with high mortality and morbidity rates and can be one of the causes of fever in postpartum patients.\u0000The most common pathogen that can cause bacterial meningitis is Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS), which causes most of the cases.\u0000\u0000 \u0000ABSTRACT\u0000Introduction: Meningitis is an infectious disease of the brain membranes and spinal cord. Viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, or aseptic actions can all cause meningitis. Bacterial meningitis is a severe infection with high mortality and morbidity rates that can induce fever in postpartum patients. The incidence of invasive Streptococcus agalactiae Group B (SGB) in pregnant women reached 31.58%; the older the pregnant woman, the greater the risk of invasive SGB. Case: The patient came to the emergency room with unconsciousness, fever, and shortness of breath. The patient presented with Ronchi +, neck stiffness +, and GCS E1M1V1. A chest X-ray found cardiomegaly as well as pulmonary edema. A full blood count indicated leukocytosis, increased neutrophils, elevated SGOT and SGPT levels, and lymphocytopenia. The patient was then given antipyretics, anticonvulsants, neurotonics, neurotrophics, diuretics, antihypertensives, and antianginals. Conclusion: In this study, it can be determined whether infection during pregnancy or labor can cause postpartum meningitis. The most common pathogen that can cause bacterial meningitis is Streptococcus agalactiae Group B (SGB), which causes most cases. Early diagnosis of postpartum meningitis is important in order to begin as soon as possible and achieve the best results for the patient's recovery.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":492504,"journal":{"name":"AKSONA","volume":"219 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140475072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.20473/aksona.v4i1.48951
Pinto Desti Ramadhoni, Hawari Martanusa
Highlight: Uncommon Presentation and Diagnosis: The case report presents a unique and rare clinical scenario involving a 14-year-old boy who sustained a neck stab wound, leading to the development of a pseudoaneurysm within the common carotid artery. Multidisciplinary Approach to Treatment: The case highlights the complexity of managing such casesm where a multidisciplinary approach is paramount. The manuscript underscores the significance of involving neurology, interventional neurology, and vascular surgery teams to provide comprehensive and tailored patient care Efficacy of Endovascular Intervention: The successful outcome of the endovascular carotid angioplasty stent procedure highlights its effectiveness as a treatment option for addresing complex vascular conditions like pseudoaneurysm or dissection of the carotid artery. ABSTRACT Introduction: Neck stab wounds can lead to various vascular complications, including pseudoaneurysm or carotid artery dissection. Proper diagnosis and management can prevent recurrent strokes. Case: We reported a case of a 14-year-old boy with a previous left neck stab wound who developed recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) accompanied by Horner's syndrome and headache following a traumatic common carotid artery dissection. An angiographic examination revealed a pseudoaneurysm or dissection of the left common carotid artery. The patient was initially treated with oral anticoagulant therapy, but he continued to experience recurrent TIA. The patient was then treated endovascularly with a carotid angioplasty stent to restore the compromised carotid artery. Following the endovascular procedure, the patient experienced no complications, showed improvement in Horner syndrome, and had no headache. During the follow-up period, the patient had no more TIAs. Conclusion: Endovascular carotid angioplasty stents are an effective and safe way to treat pseudoaneurysm or dissection of the carotid artery, especially in cases presenting with recurrent TIAs and Horner syndrome. The observed clinical improvement following the procedure indicates significant benefits in enhancing the patient's quality of life and preventing complications from recurrent TIA episodes.
亮点：罕见的表现和诊断：本病例报告展示了一种独特而罕见的临床情况，一名 14 岁男孩颈部被刺伤，导致颈总动脉内出现假性动脉瘤：该病例凸显了处理此类病例的复杂性，因此采用多学科方法至关重要。稿件强调了神经内科、介入神经内科和血管外科团队参与提供全面和有针对性的患者护理的重要性：血管内颈动脉血管成形支架手术的成功结果突显了其作为治疗颈动脉假性动脉瘤或夹层等复杂血管病症的有效性。摘要导言：颈部刀伤可导致各种血管并发症，包括假性动脉瘤或颈动脉夹层。正确的诊断和处理可预防中风复发。病例：我们报告了一例 14 岁男孩的病例，他曾有过左颈部刀伤，在外伤性颈总动脉夹层后反复出现短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA），并伴有霍纳综合征和头痛。血管造影检查显示左侧颈总动脉存在假性动脉瘤或夹层。患者最初接受了口服抗凝治疗，但仍反复出现 TIA。随后，患者接受了颈动脉血管成形支架的血管内治疗，以修复受损的颈动脉。血管内手术后，患者没有出现并发症，霍纳综合征有所改善，也没有头痛。在随访期间，患者没有再发生 TIA。结论血管内颈动脉血管成形支架是治疗颈动脉假性动脉瘤或夹层的一种有效而安全的方法，尤其适用于反复出现 TIA 和霍纳综合征的病例。术后观察到的临床改善表明，这种方法在提高患者生活质量和预防 TIA 复发并发症方面有显著疗效。
{"title":"Successfully Procedure Endovascular Carotid Angioplasty Stent in a Case of Neck Stab Wound with Pseudoaneurysm, Recurrent Transient Ischemic Attack, and Horner Syndrome: A Case Report","authors":"Pinto Desti Ramadhoni, Hawari Martanusa","doi":"10.20473/aksona.v4i1.48951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/aksona.v4i1.48951","url":null,"abstract":"Highlight:\u0000\u0000Uncommon Presentation and Diagnosis: The case report presents a unique and rare clinical scenario involving a 14-year-old boy who sustained a neck stab wound, leading to the development of a pseudoaneurysm within the common carotid artery.\u0000Multidisciplinary Approach to Treatment: The case highlights the complexity of managing such casesm where a multidisciplinary approach is paramount. The manuscript underscores the significance of involving neurology, interventional neurology, and vascular surgery teams to provide comprehensive and tailored patient care\u0000Efficacy of Endovascular Intervention: The successful outcome of the endovascular carotid angioplasty stent procedure highlights its effectiveness as a treatment option for addresing complex vascular conditions like pseudoaneurysm or dissection of the carotid artery.\u0000\u0000 \u0000ABSTRACT\u0000Introduction: Neck stab wounds can lead to various vascular complications, including pseudoaneurysm or carotid artery dissection. Proper diagnosis and management can prevent recurrent strokes. Case: We reported a case of a 14-year-old boy with a previous left neck stab wound who developed recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) accompanied by Horner's syndrome and headache following a traumatic common carotid artery dissection. An angiographic examination revealed a pseudoaneurysm or dissection of the left common carotid artery. The patient was initially treated with oral anticoagulant therapy, but he continued to experience recurrent TIA. The patient was then treated endovascularly with a carotid angioplasty stent to restore the compromised carotid artery. Following the endovascular procedure, the patient experienced no complications, showed improvement in Horner syndrome, and had no headache. During the follow-up period, the patient had no more TIAs. Conclusion: Endovascular carotid angioplasty stents are an effective and safe way to treat pseudoaneurysm or dissection of the carotid artery, especially in cases presenting with recurrent TIAs and Horner syndrome. The observed clinical improvement following the procedure indicates significant benefits in enhancing the patient's quality of life and preventing complications from recurrent TIA episodes.","PeriodicalId":492504,"journal":{"name":"AKSONA","volume":"479 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Highlight: Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms are rare in occurence. The endovascular management of PICA aneursysms is challenging due to anatomical difficulties in accessing the site. The rebleeding of PICA aneurysms, although rare than other intracranial anurysms, may still happen and must be considered in their management ABSTRACT Introduction Aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) are rare clinical entities with a lower risk of rupture than other intracranial locations. This makes managing PICA aneurysms challenging and important for neurointerventionists to understand. In this case report, we looked at a rare case of PICA aneurysm with post-coiling rebleeding. Case: We reported a 51-year-old female with complaints of dizziness and vomiting. The patient was found to be hypertensive and a neurologic assessment revealed neck stiffness and left hemiparesis. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the head indicated subarachnoid hemorrhage. CT angiography (CTA) showed an aneurysm at the right proximal PICA. Although endovascular coiling was performed, the patient rebleed one month later. Following the insertion of the second coil, successful embolization was achieved, and the patient showed clinical improvement. Conclusion: PICA aneurysms require careful endovascular management, considering the difficulty of access due to their anatomical location. An understanding of its proper management is of paramount importance to reducing mortality.
{"title":"Challenging Endovascular Treatment of Ruptured Proximal Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysm: A Case Report","authors":"Bambang Tri Prasetyo, Ricky Gusanto Kurniawan, Beny Rilianto, Pratiwi Raissa Windiani, Kelvin Theandro Kelvin","doi":"10.20473/aksona.v4i1.44640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/aksona.v4i1.44640","url":null,"abstract":"Highlight:\u0000\u0000Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms are rare in occurence.\u0000The endovascular management of PICA aneursysms is challenging due to anatomical difficulties in accessing the site.\u0000The rebleeding of PICA aneurysms, although rare than other intracranial anurysms, may still happen and must be considered in their management\u0000\u0000 \u0000ABSTRACT\u0000Introduction Aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) are rare clinical entities with a lower risk of rupture than other intracranial locations. This makes managing PICA aneurysms challenging and important for neurointerventionists to understand. In this case report, we looked at a rare case of PICA aneurysm with post-coiling rebleeding. Case: We reported a 51-year-old female with complaints of dizziness and vomiting. The patient was found to be hypertensive and a neurologic assessment revealed neck stiffness and left hemiparesis. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the head indicated subarachnoid hemorrhage. CT angiography (CTA) showed an aneurysm at the right proximal PICA. Although endovascular coiling was performed, the patient rebleed one month later. Following the insertion of the second coil, successful embolization was achieved, and the patient showed clinical improvement. Conclusion: PICA aneurysms require careful endovascular management, considering the difficulty of access due to their anatomical location. An understanding of its proper management is of paramount importance to reducing mortality.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":492504,"journal":{"name":"AKSONA","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140478067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.20473/aksona.v4i1.45403
Indra Pramanasari
Highlight: Ischemic stroke is a major public health issue in Indonesia. Clinical data correlated to an ischemic stroke patient's prognosis. Several clinical factors and laboratory testing describe the tendency of ischemic stroke patients. ABSTRACT Introduction: In Indonesia, ischemic stroke is a major public health issue. Clinical data correlates with an ischemic stroke patient’s prognosis. Objective: This study aimed to provide an overview of clinical data in ischemic stroke patients from October 2020 to December 2021. Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive study using medical records. A non-probability purposive sampling strategy with a total sampling method is used in this study. Age, gender, cardiac comorbidities, diabetes, repeated strokes, blood laboratory exams, electrolyte tests, alcohol consumption, and smoking habits were all observed variables. Results: The sample consisted of 242 ischemic stroke patients. The majority of patients (32.23%) were in the 61 to 70 age group, and men (57.4%) made up the majority of the sex group. Then, cardiac comorbidities were dominated by coronary artery disease (CAD), with 33 patients (57.4%) with 4 deaths (12.1%), while 15 patients (6.19%) were found with atrial fibrillation (AF), with 7 deaths (46.67%). Hypertension was found in 81.40% of patients, diabetes in 26.03% of patients, and recurrent stroke in 31.40% of patients. Active smokers make up 52.06% of all patients, and 18.18% are heavy alcohol drinkers. The majority of patients showed blood and electrolyte levels within the normal range, except for an increased leukocyte count and a decreased potassium level. Conclusion: The main risk factors obtained sequentially are hypertension, coronary artery diseases, active smokers, diabetes, and excessive alcohol consumption.
{"title":"Ischemic Stroke Risk Factor Profile at Prof. Dr. W. Z. Johannes Hospital, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara","authors":"Indra Pramanasari","doi":"10.20473/aksona.v4i1.45403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/aksona.v4i1.45403","url":null,"abstract":"Highlight:\u0000\u0000Ischemic stroke is a major public health issue in Indonesia.\u0000Clinical data correlated to an ischemic stroke patient's prognosis.\u0000Several clinical factors and laboratory testing describe the tendency of ischemic stroke patients.\u0000\u0000 \u0000ABSTRACT\u0000Introduction: In Indonesia, ischemic stroke is a major public health issue. Clinical data correlates with an ischemic stroke patient’s prognosis. Objective: This study aimed to provide an overview of clinical data in ischemic stroke patients from October 2020 to December 2021. Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive study using medical records. A non-probability purposive sampling strategy with a total sampling method is used in this study. Age, gender, cardiac comorbidities, diabetes, repeated strokes, blood laboratory exams, electrolyte tests, alcohol consumption, and smoking habits were all observed variables. Results: The sample consisted of 242 ischemic stroke patients. The majority of patients (32.23%) were in the 61 to 70 age group, and men (57.4%) made up the majority of the sex group. Then, cardiac comorbidities were dominated by coronary artery disease (CAD), with 33 patients (57.4%) with 4 deaths (12.1%), while 15 patients (6.19%) were found with atrial fibrillation (AF), with 7 deaths (46.67%). Hypertension was found in 81.40% of patients, diabetes in 26.03% of patients, and recurrent stroke in 31.40% of patients. Active smokers make up 52.06% of all patients, and 18.18% are heavy alcohol drinkers. The majority of patients showed blood and electrolyte levels within the normal range, except for an increased leukocyte count and a decreased potassium level. Conclusion: The main risk factors obtained sequentially are hypertension, coronary artery diseases, active smokers, diabetes, and excessive alcohol consumption.","PeriodicalId":492504,"journal":{"name":"AKSONA","volume":"79 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140478348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.20473/aksona.v4i1.51720
Muhammad Andika Rifqi, Sita Setyowatie, Johanes Nugroho Eko Putranto
Highlight: A comparative study of hypertension and non-hypertension on cognitive function. Hospital admission blood pressure and cognitive function in acute-phase stroke patients. Blood pressure is not associated with cognitive function. ABSTRACT Introduction: Cognitive impairment is one of the many stroke effects. White matter damage, microinfarcts, microbleeding, atrophy, and amyloid buildup in the brain due to stroke are all potential causes of this condition. Cognitive impairment studies have yet to provide a definitive explanation for how this condition develops following a stroke. Blood pressure is one of several risk factors for stroke. Meanwhile, few studies have been conducted on the association between blood pressure and cognitive function in stroke patients, and no definitive results have been established. Objective: This research was designed to examine and evaluate the difference in the measured cognitive function category between hypertensive and non-hypertensive hospital admission blood pressure stroke patients. Methods: This research used a cross-sectional design with a consecutive sampling method on acute stroke patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital. The MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination) was carried out to assess the degree of cognitive function. The blood pressure measured is the hospital admission blood pressure. Results: There were 40 patients included in this study. A total of 36 patients (90%) were in the hypertension group (blood pressure ≥ 130/80 mmHg), and 4 patients (10%) were in the non-hypertension group (blood pressure < 130/80 mmHg). The MMSE results showed that 10 patients performed with no cognitive impairment, 12 patients performed with mild cognitive impairment, and 18 patients performed with severe cognitive impairment. Statistical analysis of the Mann-Whitney U test showed that p = 0.561. Conclusion: There was no difference in the measured cognitive function category between hypertensive and non-hypertensive hospital admission blood pressure stroke patients.
{"title":"Hypertensive and Non-hypertensive Hospital Admission Blood Pressure Association with Cognitive Function in Stroke Patients","authors":"Muhammad Andika Rifqi, Sita Setyowatie, Johanes Nugroho Eko Putranto","doi":"10.20473/aksona.v4i1.51720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/aksona.v4i1.51720","url":null,"abstract":"Highlight:\u0000\u0000A comparative study of hypertension and non-hypertension on cognitive function.\u0000Hospital admission blood pressure and cognitive function in acute-phase stroke patients.\u0000Blood pressure is not associated with cognitive function.\u0000\u0000 \u0000ABSTRACT\u0000Introduction: Cognitive impairment is one of the many stroke effects. White matter damage, microinfarcts, microbleeding, atrophy, and amyloid buildup in the brain due to stroke are all potential causes of this condition. Cognitive impairment studies have yet to provide a definitive explanation for how this condition develops following a stroke. Blood pressure is one of several risk factors for stroke. Meanwhile, few studies have been conducted on the association between blood pressure and cognitive function in stroke patients, and no definitive results have been established. Objective: This research was designed to examine and evaluate the difference in the measured cognitive function category between hypertensive and non-hypertensive hospital admission blood pressure stroke patients. Methods: This research used a cross-sectional design with a consecutive sampling method on acute stroke patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital. The MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination) was carried out to assess the degree of cognitive function. The blood pressure measured is the hospital admission blood pressure. Results: There were 40 patients included in this study. A total of 36 patients (90%) were in the hypertension group (blood pressure ≥ 130/80 mmHg), and 4 patients (10%) were in the non-hypertension group (blood pressure < 130/80 mmHg). The MMSE results showed that 10 patients performed with no cognitive impairment, 12 patients performed with mild cognitive impairment, and 18 patients performed with severe cognitive impairment. Statistical analysis of the Mann-Whitney U test showed that p = 0.561. Conclusion: There was no difference in the measured cognitive function category between hypertensive and non-hypertensive hospital admission blood pressure stroke patients.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":492504,"journal":{"name":"AKSONA","volume":"695 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.20473/aksona.v4i1.50403
Marselia Febriyanti Sihotang, Mochammad Saiful Ardhi, M. Parenrengi
Highlight: The incidence of recurrent stroke in patients with the first stroke of ischemic type was 2.5-fold higher than that of hemorrhagic type, with the majority of recurrent strokes being the same type as the first stroke. Hypertension is the most common modifiable stroke risk factor in both stroke types, and in 5% of cases, secondary prevention is still not optimal. The average length of hospital stay for patients with the first stroke of hemorrhagic type was 3 days longer, along with a higher average NIHSS score on presentation than patients with ischemic stroke. ABSTRACT Introduction: Stroke is the leading cause of mortality and disability in Indonesia, as well as being the major cause of death and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) lost worldwide. Recurrent stroke is one of the most common complications of stroke after discharge, despite being highly preventable. Objective: This study aimed to compare the differences in recurrent stroke profiles between patients with first stroke ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. Methods: The study was done by collecting secondary data from medical records and the stroke registry at Dr. Seotomo General Academic Hospital over a period of six months (January–July 2020). Result: This study examined 36 samples that met the inclusion criteria. The results revealed that patients who experienced their first stroke of the ischemic type had a 2.5-fold higher incidence of recurrent stroke than those who suffered a hemorrhagic type. Except for one case, the majority of patients had the same type of stroke as the first. The most frequent modifiable risk factors seen in these two types of strokes are hypertension and physical inactivity. It was found that there were still 5% of the risk factors for which secondary prevention had not been carried out optimally with antidyslipidemic, antidiabetic, or antihypertensive drugs. The most common acute treatment for ischemic stroke is antiplatelet therapy, either single or dual therapy. Up to 90% of hemorrhagic strokes were treated conservatively, and in one patient, extraventricular drainage was performed. Conclusion: There were more stroke patients with a first stroke of hemorrhagic type that presented with NIHSS scores in the severe to very severe range, and the average length of hospitalization in this group was longer.
{"title":"Comparison of Recurrent Stroke in Patients with First Stroke Ischemic and Hemorrhagic in Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya","authors":"Marselia Febriyanti Sihotang, Mochammad Saiful Ardhi, M. Parenrengi","doi":"10.20473/aksona.v4i1.50403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/aksona.v4i1.50403","url":null,"abstract":"Highlight:\u0000\u0000The incidence of recurrent stroke in patients with the first stroke of ischemic type was 2.5-fold higher than that of hemorrhagic type, with the majority of recurrent strokes being the same type as the first stroke.\u0000Hypertension is the most common modifiable stroke risk factor in both stroke types, and in 5% of cases, secondary prevention is still not optimal.\u0000The average length of hospital stay for patients with the first stroke of hemorrhagic type was 3 days longer, along with a higher average NIHSS score on presentation than patients with ischemic stroke.\u0000\u0000 \u0000ABSTRACT\u0000Introduction: Stroke is the leading cause of mortality and disability in Indonesia, as well as being the major cause of death and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) lost worldwide. Recurrent stroke is one of the most common complications of stroke after discharge, despite being highly preventable. Objective: This study aimed to compare the differences in recurrent stroke profiles between patients with first stroke ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. Methods: The study was done by collecting secondary data from medical records and the stroke registry at Dr. Seotomo General Academic Hospital over a period of six months (January–July 2020). Result: This study examined 36 samples that met the inclusion criteria. The results revealed that patients who experienced their first stroke of the ischemic type had a 2.5-fold higher incidence of recurrent stroke than those who suffered a hemorrhagic type. Except for one case, the majority of patients had the same type of stroke as the first. The most frequent modifiable risk factors seen in these two types of strokes are hypertension and physical inactivity. It was found that there were still 5% of the risk factors for which secondary prevention had not been carried out optimally with antidyslipidemic, antidiabetic, or antihypertensive drugs. The most common acute treatment for ischemic stroke is antiplatelet therapy, either single or dual therapy. Up to 90% of hemorrhagic strokes were treated conservatively, and in one patient, extraventricular drainage was performed. Conclusion: There were more stroke patients with a first stroke of hemorrhagic type that presented with NIHSS scores in the severe to very severe range, and the average length of hospitalization in this group was longer.\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":492504,"journal":{"name":"AKSONA","volume":"55 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Highlight: Brain AVMs are a special concern due to their inherent high risk of bleeding. Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS), as one of the modality treatments, is intended to induce progressive occlusion of an AVM by using high-dose targeted radiation The result of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) can be full obliteration, with complications because adverse radiation effects. ABSTRACT Introduction: Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are relatively uncommon. Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is one of the AVM’s therapeutic interventions, with both advantages and disadvantages. Here, we report the results of two cases of brain AVM after GKRS. Cases: Case 1: Non-contrast head MRI imaging of a 45-year-old man with persistent left-sided headaches revealed a 1.4 x 2.5 x 2.28 cm AVM nidus in the left parasagittal frontal lobe. After a single GKRS with a 25-Gy marginal dose, the MRI contrast showed complete obliteration, with persistent perifocal edema and headache. Case 2: A 25-year-old woman with a history of generalized seizures. The angiograms revealed an AVM nidus with a diameter of 32.58 mm on her right posterior frontal lobe. After a single GKRS with a 22-Gy marginal dose, the MRI contrast showed full obliteration with large edema. The patient had presented with hemiparesis. Conclusion: In these cases, the results after GKRS were full obliteration with complications of edema, headache, and hemiparesis. We also found that complications appear to be associated with adverse radiation effects.
重点:由于其固有的高出血风险，脑动静脉畸形是一个特别关注的问题。伽玛刀放射治疗(Gamma Knife radiosurgery, GKRS)作为一种治疗方式，旨在通过高剂量的靶向辐射诱导AVM进行性闭塞，其结果可以是完全闭塞，但由于不良的辐射效应而导致并发症。摘要简介:脑动静脉畸形(AVMs)相对罕见。伽玛刀放射手术(GKRS)是AVM的治疗干预措施之一，有优点也有缺点。在此，我们报告两例GKRS后脑AVM的结果。病例1:45岁男性持续性左侧头痛的头部非对比MRI成像显示左侧矢状旁额叶有1.4 x 2.5 x 2.28 cm的AVM病灶。单次边际剂量为25 gy的GKRS后，MRI对比显示完全闭塞，伴有持续的焦周水肿和头痛。病例2:25岁女性，有全身性癫痫发作史。血管造影显示右侧后额叶有直径32.58 mm的AVM病灶。单次边际剂量为22 gy的GKRS后，MRI对比显示完全闭塞伴大水肿。病人有偏瘫的症状。结论:经GKRS治疗后，患者脑膜完全闭塞，伴有水肿、头痛、偏瘫等并发症。我们还发现并发症似乎与不良辐射效应有关。
{"title":"Case Series: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery in Brain Arteriovenous, Is It Good Enough?","authors":"Yohan Budi Hartanto, Debora Sharon Rory, Jesisca Jesisca","doi":"10.20473/aksona.v3i2.44747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/aksona.v3i2.44747","url":null,"abstract":"Highlight: Brain AVMs are a special concern due to their inherent high risk of bleeding. Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS), as one of the modality treatments, is intended to induce progressive occlusion of an AVM by using high-dose targeted radiation The result of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) can be full obliteration, with complications because adverse radiation effects. ABSTRACT Introduction: Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are relatively uncommon. Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is one of the AVM’s therapeutic interventions, with both advantages and disadvantages. Here, we report the results of two cases of brain AVM after GKRS. Cases: Case 1: Non-contrast head MRI imaging of a 45-year-old man with persistent left-sided headaches revealed a 1.4 x 2.5 x 2.28 cm AVM nidus in the left parasagittal frontal lobe. After a single GKRS with a 25-Gy marginal dose, the MRI contrast showed complete obliteration, with persistent perifocal edema and headache. Case 2: A 25-year-old woman with a history of generalized seizures. The angiograms revealed an AVM nidus with a diameter of 32.58 mm on her right posterior frontal lobe. After a single GKRS with a 22-Gy marginal dose, the MRI contrast showed full obliteration with large edema. The patient had presented with hemiparesis. Conclusion: In these cases, the results after GKRS were full obliteration with complications of edema, headache, and hemiparesis. We also found that complications appear to be associated with adverse radiation effects.","PeriodicalId":492504,"journal":{"name":"AKSONA","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135264464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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