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Risks and forecasts of global temperature increase and climate challenges: Insights from the 5th wave theory and Novak triangle 全球气温上升和气候挑战的风险和预测:来自第五波理论和诺瓦克三角的见解
Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.18282/pef.v12i2.3316
David Novak, Hamid Doost Mohammadian

The global overheating of the earth leads to numerous direct and indirect consequences. Explicitly also financial and explicitly also those that will affect people’s insurance and standard of living. The Prof. Doost Mohammadian’s 5th wave theory and the Novak triangle show correlations and possible solutions for government action. Purpose: Recognizing the consequences of the global increase in temperature is one thing, drawing the right conclusions and measures with the aim of implementing them in the foreseeable future is another. The countries of this world must act—this paper is intended to help. Design/methodology/approach: The aim was to find out what risks and predictions are posed by the global increase in temperature. This paper uses qualitative and quantitative approaches to analyze the challenges in anthropogenic global overheating using the Novak Triangle and the fifth wave/tomorrow age theory. The study is based on a review of existing literature and case studies of countries introduced based on the Paris Agreement (2015). Findings: Most people have realized that man-made global overheating will have massive consequences worldwide. These consequences need to be made concrete, as well as changes in human behavior and policy frameworks. The paper deals with various consequences and thus risks that will also affect the insurance industry and shows dangers for the world population. Affected countries: All countries of this world will be affected because the overheating of the earth is a global effect. Research/future/practical implications: Yes, anthropogenic global overheating (trivialized by various opinion makers as climate change and dismissed as a fringe phenomenon) is the greatest challenge facing humanity in the 21st century. In summary, the ability to make money or reduce one’s costs with BEVs/FCEVs may be the fastest accelerator for their adoption. This can best be achieved with simple “out-of-the-box” solutions that people implement themselves out of self-interest (see Novak Triangle). Implications of this paper for research include the need for further research on human behavior and the effectiveness of proposed solutions. Future implications of this paper include the importance of mitigating direct and indirect consequences of temperature rise and considering unpleasant facts in this regard. Originality/value: Currently, there are practically no scientific books that would present the overall context of the challenges around global temperature increase in correlation with direct and indirect consequences for people and the economy at a glance. Therefore, only current findings and scenarios can be described here. This paper contributes to the literature on economic and environmental consequences of Earth overheating by explaining the resulting challenges using the 5th wave theory. The paper proposes solutions to these challenges and includes

地球的全球过热导致了许多直接和间接的后果。当然也包括金融方面的,也包括那些会影响人们的保险和生活水平的。Doost Mohammadian教授的第五波理论和诺瓦克三角显示了政府行动的相关性和可能的解决方案。& lt; strong>目的:& lt; / strong>认识到全球气温上升的后果是一回事,得出正确的结论和措施,并在可预见的未来付诸实施是另一回事。世界各国必须采取行动——本文旨在提供帮助。& lt; strong>设计/方法/方法:& lt; / strong>其目的是找出全球气温上升带来的风险和预测。本文运用诺瓦克三角和第五波/明天时代理论,采用定性和定量方法分析人为全球过热带来的挑战。这项研究是基于对现有文献的回顾和根据《巴黎协定》(2015年)引入的国家的案例研究。& lt; strong>结果:& lt; / strong>大多数人已经意识到,人为的全球经济过热将在全球范围内产生巨大的后果。这些后果需要具体化,人类行为和政策框架也需要改变。本文讨论了各种后果和风险,这些后果和风险也将影响保险业,并显示了对世界人口的危险。受影响的国家:世界上所有国家都将受到影响,因为地球过热是一个全球性的影响。& lt; strong>研究/未来/实际意义:& lt; / strong>是的,人为的全球变暖(被各种舆论人士贬低为气候变化,并被视为一种边缘现象)是21世纪人类面临的最大挑战。总而言之,使用纯电动汽车或氢燃料电池汽车赚钱或降低成本的能力可能是推动其采用的最快加速器。这可以通过简单的“开箱即用”解决方案来实现,人们出于自身利益而实施这些解决方案(参见诺瓦克三角)。本文对研究的启示包括需要进一步研究人类行为和提出的解决方案的有效性。本文的未来含义包括减轻温度上升的直接和间接后果的重要性,并考虑到这方面令人不快的事实。& lt; strong>创意/值:& lt; / strong>目前,几乎没有科学书籍能够一目了然地呈现出全球气温上升所带来的挑战的整体背景,以及对人类和经济的直接和间接影响。因此,这里只能描述当前的发现和场景。本文通过使用第五波理论解释由此产生的挑战,为有关地球过热的经济和环境后果的文献做出了贡献。本文提出了这些挑战的解决方案,并包括讨论这些问题的国家的案例研究。本文为政策制定者、保险业代表和致力于可持续环境和气候未来的研究人员提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Challenges of a sustainable energy and vehicle-related value chain for BEVs and FCEVs through the 5th wave theory 通过第五波理论探讨纯电动汽车和氢燃料电池汽车可持续能源和汽车相关价值链的挑战
Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.18282/pef.v12i1.3308
David Novak, Hamid Doost Mohammadian

The transition to sustainable energy and transportation systems presents complex challenges for the value chain of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). These challenges are explored through the lens of the 5th wave theory, which predicts the emergence of a new technological paradigm based on clean energy and mobility. One major challenge is the need for a comprehensive infrastructure to support the production, distribution, and consumption of sustainable energy and clean transportation. This includes charging stations for BEVs and hydrogen refueling stations for FCEVs, as well as renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. Another challenge is the need to develop a circular economy for the production and disposal of BEV and FCEV components, including batteries and fuel cells. This requires designing products for reuse, recycling, and remanufacturing, as well as establishing collection and recycling systems that are both economically and environmentally sustainable. The shift to sustainable energy and transportation requires significant changes in consumer behavior and preferences, as well as policy and regulatory frameworks to support the adoption of BEVs and FCEVs. This includes measures such as incentives for the purchase of clean vehicles, as well as emissions standards and carbon pricing to incentivize the transition to low-carbon transportation. Addressing these challenges will require collaboration across the entire value chain, from vehicle manufacturers and energy providers to policymakers and consumers. By embracing the 5th wave theory and working together to create a sustainable energy and vehicle-related value chain, we can pave the way for a cleaner, greener, and more equitable future.

Purpose: In the overall context of global earth overheating (often downplayed as “climate change”), BEVs and FCEVs are at the core of the road mobility solution to be sought. Although this is recognized in expert circles and now even by most politicians worldwide, there are still many challenges in this regard. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the challenges of establishing a sustainable energy and vehicle-related value chain for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) through the 5th wave theory. The paper aims to identify the key challenges and propose solutions for establishing a sustainable value chain for these vehicles.

Design/methodology/approach: The aim was to find out what challenges still exist around the implementation of BEVs and FCEVs. Germany and the EU are exemplary here for most industrialized countries. This paper uses a qualitative approach to analyze the challenges of establishing a sustainable value chain for BEVs and FCEVs through the 5th wave theory. The study is based on a review of existing literature and case studies of countries that have implemented sustainable energy and transportation syst

向可持续能源和运输系统的过渡对纯电动汽车(bev)和燃料电池电动汽车(fcev)的价值链提出了复杂的挑战。这些挑战是通过第五波理论来探索的,该理论预测了基于清洁能源和机动性的新技术范式的出现。一个主要的挑战是需要一个全面的基础设施来支持可持续能源的生产、分配和消费以及清洁交通。这包括纯电动汽车的充电站和氢燃料电池汽车的加氢站,以及太阳能和风能等可再生能源。另一个挑战是需要发展循环经济,以生产和处置BEV和FCEV组件,包括电池和燃料电池。这需要设计可重复使用、再循环和再制造的产品,以及建立经济上和环境上都可持续的收集和再循环系统。向可持续能源和交通的转变需要消费者行为和偏好的重大改变,以及支持bev和fcev采用的政策和监管框架。这包括鼓励购买清洁车辆,以及制定排放标准和碳定价等措施,以鼓励向低碳交通过渡。应对这些挑战需要整个价值链的合作,从汽车制造商、能源供应商到政策制定者和消费者。通过拥抱第五次浪潮理论,并共同努力创造一个可持续的能源和汽车相关的价值链,我们可以为更清洁、更环保、更公平的未来铺平道路。目的:在全球地球过热(通常被淡化为“气候变化”)的大背景下,bev和fcev是道路交通解决方案的核心。尽管这一点在专家圈子中得到了认可,现在甚至得到了全世界大多数政治家的认可,但在这方面仍然存在许多挑战。本文的目的是通过第五波理论分析电池电动汽车(bev)和燃料电池电动汽车(fcev)建立可持续能源和汽车相关价值链的挑战。本文旨在确定关键挑战,并提出解决方案,为这些车辆建立可持续的价值链。设计/方法/方法:&lt;/strong&gt;目的是找出在实施bev和fcev时仍然存在的挑战。德国和欧盟在这方面是大多数工业化国家的典范。本文采用定性方法,通过第五波理论分析了bev和fcev建立可持续价值链的挑战。这项研究是基于对现有文献和实施可持续能源和交通系统的国家的案例研究的回顾。研究结果:大多数人已经认识到,人为的全球经济过热只能通过生产和应用中的新技术(需要花费金钱、时间和行为改变)来解决。bev和fcev似乎是理想解决方案的重要组成部分。然而,目前全世界仍有许多挑战和具体的关切,这在一定程度上使执行工作受到质疑。研究结果表明,建立纯电动汽车和氢燃料电池汽车的可持续价值链需要全面的基础设施、循环经济原则以及消费者行为和政策框架的变化。本文提出了应对这些挑战的解决方案,包括建立充电站和加氢站,为生产和处置BEV和FCEV组件制定循环经济原则,以及实施鼓励采用清洁车辆的政策。这里描述的情况与德国和欧盟国家有关,但对于许多工业化国家来说,情况可能是类似的,或者至少是相似的。本文提出的挑战和解决方案与世界上正在向可持续能源和交通系统过渡的国家有关。本文包括对德国和欧盟国家等国家的案例研究,这些国家在为bev和fcev建立可持续价值链方面取得了重大进展。&lt;/p&gt;&lt; &gt;&lt; /strong&gt;研究/未来/实际影响:&lt;/strong&gt;是的,在引入bev和fcev方面存在各种障碍。 主要协会的老板、部长和政府领导人自己可能不希望太多太快的变化;企业将其视为巨大的成本因素(更不用说技术变革了),而个人则根据自己的动机因素行事。综上所述,可以假设使用bev / fcev赚钱或降低成本的能力是采用它们的最快加速器。这可以通过思维中简单的“开箱即用”的解决方案来实现(参见诺瓦克三角)。本文的研究意义包括需要进一步研究bev和fcev建立可持续价值链的挑战以及提出的解决方案的有效性。本文的未来意义包括为纯电动汽车和氢燃料电池汽车建立可持续价值链的重要性,以缓解气候变化和减少对化石燃料的依赖。本文的实际意义包括需要在整个价值链中进行合作,以建立可持续能源和运输系统的可持续基础设施。目前,几乎没有科学书籍能够一目了然地呈现围绕bev和fcev的挑战的整体背景。因此,这里只能描述当前的调查、市场规模以及环境和工作条件方面的挑战。本文通过第五波理论分析了bev和fcev建立可持续价值链的挑战,为可持续能源和交通系统的文献做出了贡献。本文提出了应对这些挑战的解决方案,并包括对这些车辆实施可持续价值链的国家的案例研究。本文为政策制定者、行业利益相关者和致力于可持续能源和交通未来的研究人员提供了宝贵的见解。/strong&gt;&lt;
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引用次数: 0
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Progress in energy & fuels
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