Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.3
Marek Wojczyk, Grażyna Dębska
Introduction. Nurses working in intensive care units often encounter the death of their patients, which affects their emotional state, and then not only their work but also their personal lives.
Aim. The aim of the study is to present the most common emotions towards death in nurses caring for life-threatening patients.
Material and Methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted on a group of 108 nurses working in the intensive care unit of the University Hospital in Krakow. Respondents completed a proprietary questionnaire based on the standard tool, the Scale of Feelings, in which they marked the intensity of individual emotions experienced in connection with death. The data was developed based on the instructions of the authors of the tool and, using the capabilities of the Statistica 12 package, the existing dependencies were presented.
Results. The most common emotion related to death, in terms of basic emotions that accompanied the respondents, was fear (x̅=4.45) and sadness (x̅=4.08). In the subcategories of basic emotions, the most frequently declared feelings were: sadness (x̅=5.69), grief (x̅=5.43) and anxiety (x̅=4.71). There was no correlation between the emotions and the respondents’ age or their declared professional experience (p>0.05). Only the level of anger was significantly more frequent in the group of respondents who rarely experienced death at work, i.e. less than 10 deaths (p=0.03).
Conclusions. The difficult experience of death for nurses working in the intensive care unit most often triggered fear and sadness in them. It is therefore necessary to conduct further research to determine the exact attitudes towards death among medical personnel who come into contact with death in order to reduce their negative impact on the work and personal lives of carers of dying people. (JNNN 2023;12(1):17–23)
{"title":"Emotions Related to Death among Nurses Working in the Intensive Care Unit","authors":"Marek Wojczyk, Grażyna Dębska","doi":"10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Nurses working in intensive care units often encounter the death of their patients, which affects their emotional state, and then not only their work but also their personal lives.
 Aim. The aim of the study is to present the most common emotions towards death in nurses caring for life-threatening patients.
 Material and Methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted on a group of 108 nurses working in the intensive care unit of the University Hospital in Krakow. Respondents completed a proprietary questionnaire based on the standard tool, the Scale of Feelings, in which they marked the intensity of individual emotions experienced in connection with death. The data was developed based on the instructions of the authors of the tool and, using the capabilities of the Statistica 12 package, the existing dependencies were presented.
 Results. The most common emotion related to death, in terms of basic emotions that accompanied the respondents, was fear (x̅=4.45) and sadness (x̅=4.08). In the subcategories of basic emotions, the most frequently declared feelings were: sadness (x̅=5.69), grief (x̅=5.43) and anxiety (x̅=4.71). There was no correlation between the emotions and the respondents’ age or their declared professional experience (p>0.05). Only the level of anger was significantly more frequent in the group of respondents who rarely experienced death at work, i.e. less than 10 deaths (p=0.03).
 Conclusions. The difficult experience of death for nurses working in the intensive care unit most often triggered fear and sadness in them. It is therefore necessary to conduct further research to determine the exact attitudes towards death among medical personnel who come into contact with death in order to reduce their negative impact on the work and personal lives of carers of dying people. (JNNN 2023;12(1):17–23)","PeriodicalId":500568,"journal":{"name":"Pielęgniarstwo Neurologiczne i Neurochirurgiczne","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135463736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.4
Renata Jabłońska, Filip Lisowski, Paweł Sokal
Introduction. Depression and chronic pain have been among the top three leading causes of global disability in the world over the past three decades. The combination of chronic pain and depression leads to worse outcomes and overall functioning than either condition alone. Studying the links between pain, sleep and depression has become an important area of research.
Aim. Assessment of pain, emotional state and sleep disorers among patients of the neurosurgery department.
Material and Methods. The study was conducted among 63 neurosurgery patients. Standardized research tools were used: Visual Analogue Scale, Beck Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman’s rho correlation test and Pearson’s χ2 test.
Results. The respondents are mostly women (54%), aged 26–78; the average age was 54. In terms of the assessment of the emotional state, patients with no depressive symptoms (42.9%) and with a mild stage of depression (46%) were noted. 77.8% of the subjects declared reduced sleep quality. Most of the subjects reported moderate (44.4%) and mild (30.2%) pain. It was shown that greater intensity of pain was statistically significantly associated with greater severity of depression ρ=0.33; p<0.01 and higher severity of sleep disorders ρ=0.39; p<0.01. It was also found that people with higher levels of depression had greater sleep disturbances ρ=0.74; p<0.001.
Conclusions. Problems with sleep and depression of varying severity characterize the majority of neurosurgical patients. Pain is one of the significant factors aggravating these disorders. (JNNN 2023;12(1):24–33)
{"title":"The Problem of Emotional Well-Being and Sleep Disorders among Patients of the Neurosurgery Ward – Preliminary Research","authors":"Renata Jabłońska, Filip Lisowski, Paweł Sokal","doi":"10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Depression and chronic pain have been among the top three leading causes of global disability in the world over the past three decades. The combination of chronic pain and depression leads to worse outcomes and overall functioning than either condition alone. Studying the links between pain, sleep and depression has become an important area of research.
 Aim. Assessment of pain, emotional state and sleep disorers among patients of the neurosurgery department.
 Material and Methods. The study was conducted among 63 neurosurgery patients. Standardized research tools were used: Visual Analogue Scale, Beck Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman’s rho correlation test and Pearson’s χ2 test.
 Results. The respondents are mostly women (54%), aged 26–78; the average age was 54. In terms of the assessment of the emotional state, patients with no depressive symptoms (42.9%) and with a mild stage of depression (46%) were noted. 77.8% of the subjects declared reduced sleep quality. Most of the subjects reported moderate (44.4%) and mild (30.2%) pain. It was shown that greater intensity of pain was statistically significantly associated with greater severity of depression ρ=0.33; p<0.01 and higher severity of sleep disorders ρ=0.39; p<0.01. It was also found that people with higher levels of depression had greater sleep disturbances ρ=0.74; p<0.001.
 Conclusions. Problems with sleep and depression of varying severity characterize the majority of neurosurgical patients. Pain is one of the significant factors aggravating these disorders. (JNNN 2023;12(1):24–33)","PeriodicalId":500568,"journal":{"name":"Pielęgniarstwo Neurologiczne i Neurochirurgiczne","volume":"566 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135463737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.2
Pınar Harmancı, Sema İçel
Introduction. In geriatrics, cognitive flexibility, which is known to be effective in individuals’ being patient with events, is the ability to activate one’s cognition in the face of sudden unexpected situations by processing. Being cognitively positive or negative affects geriatric individuals’ cognitive flexibility levels. It is important to examine the anger levels of geriatric individuals in the evaluation of their cognitive flexibility.
Aim. This study aims to examine the relationship between cognitive flexibility and anger in geriatric individuals.
Material and Methods. The current study was held in a Nursing Home in Central Turkey. The purposive sampling method was used in sample selection. The present research is designed as a descriptive study.
Results. There are statistically significant and negative correlations between the CFS and State-Anger, Anger/In, and Anger/Out. Furthermore, there is a statistically significant and positive correlation between the CFS and Anger/Control.
Conclusions. It is seen that the daily forgetfulness level and the mean scores of Anger/In and Anger/Out, which are state-anger and trait-anger styles, increased, while the mean scores of Anger/Control and Cognitive Flexibility decreased. (JNNN 2023;12(1):9–16)
{"title":"An Analysis of the Relationship between Cognitive Flexibility and Anger in Geriatric Individuals","authors":"Pınar Harmancı, Sema İçel","doi":"10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In geriatrics, cognitive flexibility, which is known to be effective in individuals’ being patient with events, is the ability to activate one’s cognition in the face of sudden unexpected situations by processing. Being cognitively positive or negative affects geriatric individuals’ cognitive flexibility levels. It is important to examine the anger levels of geriatric individuals in the evaluation of their cognitive flexibility.
 Aim. This study aims to examine the relationship between cognitive flexibility and anger in geriatric individuals.
 Material and Methods. The current study was held in a Nursing Home in Central Turkey. The purposive sampling method was used in sample selection. The present research is designed as a descriptive study.
 Results. There are statistically significant and negative correlations between the CFS and State-Anger, Anger/In, and Anger/Out. Furthermore, there is a statistically significant and positive correlation between the CFS and Anger/Control.
 Conclusions. It is seen that the daily forgetfulness level and the mean scores of Anger/In and Anger/Out, which are state-anger and trait-anger styles, increased, while the mean scores of Anger/Control and Cognitive Flexibility decreased. (JNNN 2023;12(1):9–16)","PeriodicalId":500568,"journal":{"name":"Pielęgniarstwo Neurologiczne i Neurochirurgiczne","volume":"275 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135463735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders. The unpredictability of epileptic seizures can lead to feelings of loneliness, social isolation and stigmatisation. Due to the nature of this syndrome, patients may also show symptoms of depression.
Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of anxiety, depression and loneliness, and the relationship between loneliness and depression among adult patients with epilepsy.
Material and Methods. This was a cross-sectional, observational study. A total of 206 patients with epilepsy participated in the study. The study was conducted using a website dedicated for persons with epilepsy. Data was collected from November 2021 to March 2022. Two research tools were used in the study: DeJong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-M) and an author-developed demographic questionnaire to characterise the study group.
Results. The prevalence of depressive symptoms and borderline abnormalities was 51.5%, 22.8%, respectively. In the depression subscale, 48.1% of the respondents had depressive symptoms and 22.1% had borderline abnormalities. The anxiety and irritability subscales showed disorders in 34.5% and 69.4% of the respondents, respectively. A very high and high level of loneliness was found in 17% and 26% of respondents, respectively. A moderate level of loneliness was reported by 40% of respondents. In terms of emotional loneliness, severe and moderate loneliness affected 52% and 21% of respondents, while severe and moderate social loneliness was reported by 41% and 28% of respondents.
Conclusions. The study showed relatively high levels of loneliness and depressive symptoms. A significant correlation was found between the level of loneliness and the intensity of depressive symptoms. (JNNN 2023;12(1):34–43)
{"title":"Loneliness, Anxiety and Depression among Patients with Epilepsy","authors":"Beata Dziedzic, Adrianna Kalinowska, Ewa Kobos, Zofia Sienkiewicz, Wiesław Fidecki, Mariusz Wysokiński","doi":"10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders. The unpredictability of epileptic seizures can lead to feelings of loneliness, social isolation and stigmatisation. Due to the nature of this syndrome, patients may also show symptoms of depression.
 Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of anxiety, depression and loneliness, and the relationship between loneliness and depression among adult patients with epilepsy.
 Material and Methods. This was a cross-sectional, observational study. A total of 206 patients with epilepsy participated in the study. The study was conducted using a website dedicated for persons with epilepsy. Data was collected from November 2021 to March 2022. Two research tools were used in the study: DeJong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-M) and an author-developed demographic questionnaire to characterise the study group.
 Results. The prevalence of depressive symptoms and borderline abnormalities was 51.5%, 22.8%, respectively. In the depression subscale, 48.1% of the respondents had depressive symptoms and 22.1% had borderline abnormalities. The anxiety and irritability subscales showed disorders in 34.5% and 69.4% of the respondents, respectively. A very high and high level of loneliness was found in 17% and 26% of respondents, respectively. A moderate level of loneliness was reported by 40% of respondents. In terms of emotional loneliness, severe and moderate loneliness affected 52% and 21% of respondents, while severe and moderate social loneliness was reported by 41% and 28% of respondents.
 Conclusions. The study showed relatively high levels of loneliness and depressive symptoms. A significant correlation was found between the level of loneliness and the intensity of depressive symptoms. (JNNN 2023;12(1):34–43)","PeriodicalId":500568,"journal":{"name":"Pielęgniarstwo Neurologiczne i Neurochirurgiczne","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135463733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.1
Piotr Rajewski, Adam Wiśniewski, Magdalena Nowaczewska
Introduction. In the acute phase of stroke, the development of inflammation within the stroke focus can be observed.Therefore, in response to the inflammatory process in the brain, an inflammatory reaction occurs in the peripheral blood.Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the parameters of inflammation in peripheral blood in a group of patientswith haemorrhagic stroke.Material and Methods. The study included 64 patients with haemorrhagic stroke hospitalized at the Stroke Centreof the Department of Neurology, University Hospital no. 1 in Bydgoszcz. The type and location of the stroke wereverified by a head CT scan performed on the first day of hospitalization. On the first day of stroke, together withroutine laboratory tests, the level of CRP1, WBC1, PCT, OB and fibrinogen1 was determined. CRP2, WBC2 andfibrinogen2 levels were repeated on the 14th day of stroke. Patients with infection were excluded from the study.Non-parametric statistical methods were used in the analysis: the Mann–Whitney test, the Kruskal–Wallis test andthe Spearman correlation coefficient.Results. Subcortical localization of the haemorrhagic focus was found in the majority of patients. Both baselineand control CRP and WBC values were outside the laboratory range. There were no statistically significant differencesbetween the baseline and control CRP and WBC values, while the control fibrinogen level was significantly higherthan baseline (p<0.041). Patients who died and/or those with impaired consciousness had statistically significantlyhigher values of inflammatory parameters (except OB, PCT and FIBR1) compared to patients who survived andwere conscious.Conclusions. In our study, we observed a significant increase in fibrinogen levels 14 days after the onset of the stroke.In addition, the control level of fibrinogen correlated with the size of the haemorrhagic focus and the clinical conditionof the patients. Further research is needed in this area. (JNNN 2023;12(1):3–8)
{"title":"Evaluation of the Selected Parameters of Inflammation in Patients with Haemorrhagic Stroke","authors":"Piotr Rajewski, Adam Wiśniewski, Magdalena Nowaczewska","doi":"10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In the acute phase of stroke, the development of inflammation within the stroke focus can be observed.Therefore, in response to the inflammatory process in the brain, an inflammatory reaction occurs in the peripheral blood.Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the parameters of inflammation in peripheral blood in a group of patientswith haemorrhagic stroke.Material and Methods. The study included 64 patients with haemorrhagic stroke hospitalized at the Stroke Centreof the Department of Neurology, University Hospital no. 1 in Bydgoszcz. The type and location of the stroke wereverified by a head CT scan performed on the first day of hospitalization. On the first day of stroke, together withroutine laboratory tests, the level of CRP1, WBC1, PCT, OB and fibrinogen1 was determined. CRP2, WBC2 andfibrinogen2 levels were repeated on the 14th day of stroke. Patients with infection were excluded from the study.Non-parametric statistical methods were used in the analysis: the Mann–Whitney test, the Kruskal–Wallis test andthe Spearman correlation coefficient.Results. Subcortical localization of the haemorrhagic focus was found in the majority of patients. Both baselineand control CRP and WBC values were outside the laboratory range. There were no statistically significant differencesbetween the baseline and control CRP and WBC values, while the control fibrinogen level was significantly higherthan baseline (p<0.041). Patients who died and/or those with impaired consciousness had statistically significantlyhigher values of inflammatory parameters (except OB, PCT and FIBR1) compared to patients who survived andwere conscious.Conclusions. In our study, we observed a significant increase in fibrinogen levels 14 days after the onset of the stroke.In addition, the control level of fibrinogen correlated with the size of the haemorrhagic focus and the clinical conditionof the patients. Further research is needed in this area. (JNNN 2023;12(1):3–8)","PeriodicalId":500568,"journal":{"name":"Pielęgniarstwo Neurologiczne i Neurochirurgiczne","volume":"351 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135464211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.6
Sylwia Krzemińska, Agnieszka Nowak, Adriana Borodzicz, Ewelina Bąk, Anna Kostka
Introduction. Degenerative spinal disease is considered one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in Poland and worldwide. Sedentary lifestyle, lack of physical activity, and spinal overload contribute to this state of affairs. The chronic nature of the disease, along with pain and functional limitations of the musculoskeletal system, impact the quality of life.
Aim. To determine the level of life quality and factors influencing the quality of life in patients with degenerative spinal changes.
Material and Methods. The study involved 107 individuals aged between 55 and 65 years. Standardized research tools were utilized, including the Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Activities of Daily Living scale (ADL), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref (WHOQoL-BREF) questionnaire.
Results. The level of illness acceptance in the study population was 26.52 points (SD=6.61). All respondents experienced pain symptoms, with an average pain intensity of 7.02 (SD=1.13). The average self-assessed quality of life among the participants was 3.5 points (SD=0.76), while the average self-assessed health rating was 2.54 points (SD=0.7). Spinal disability affected all patients in the lumbar region, whereas no disability was reported in the cervical region by 27.10% of the respondents.
Conclusions. Patients with degenerative spinal changes have a relatively good quality of life and a moderate level of illness acceptance. Age, marital status, occupational activity, body mass, pain intensity, and degree of disability all influence the quality of life. (JNNN 2023;12(1):44–52)
{"title":"Selected Determinants of the Quality of Life of Patients with Degenerative Changes of the Spine","authors":"Sylwia Krzemińska, Agnieszka Nowak, Adriana Borodzicz, Ewelina Bąk, Anna Kostka","doi":"10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15225/pnn.2023.12.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Degenerative spinal disease is considered one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in Poland and worldwide. Sedentary lifestyle, lack of physical activity, and spinal overload contribute to this state of affairs. The chronic nature of the disease, along with pain and functional limitations of the musculoskeletal system, impact the quality of life.
 Aim. To determine the level of life quality and factors influencing the quality of life in patients with degenerative spinal changes.
 Material and Methods. The study involved 107 individuals aged between 55 and 65 years. Standardized research tools were utilized, including the Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Activities of Daily Living scale (ADL), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref (WHOQoL-BREF) questionnaire.
 Results. The level of illness acceptance in the study population was 26.52 points (SD=6.61). All respondents experienced pain symptoms, with an average pain intensity of 7.02 (SD=1.13). The average self-assessed quality of life among the participants was 3.5 points (SD=0.76), while the average self-assessed health rating was 2.54 points (SD=0.7). Spinal disability affected all patients in the lumbar region, whereas no disability was reported in the cervical region by 27.10% of the respondents.
 Conclusions. Patients with degenerative spinal changes have a relatively good quality of life and a moderate level of illness acceptance. Age, marital status, occupational activity, body mass, pain intensity, and degree of disability all influence the quality of life. (JNNN 2023;12(1):44–52)","PeriodicalId":500568,"journal":{"name":"Pielęgniarstwo Neurologiczne i Neurochirurgiczne","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135463734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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