Self-compassion, a compassionate attitude toward oneself, has been associated with positive physical activity (PA) outcomes. This cross-sectional study on the 33- to 35-year follow-up data of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 examined the associations between self-compassion and self-reported leisure-time PA (LTPA), accelerometer-measured PA, and self-reported sitting time and assessed the moderating effect of PA barrier self-efficacy on these associations. Self-compassion was associated with higher LTPA (N = 2,080), also after adjusting for key PA-related covariates, such as gender, perceived health, and level of education but not after adjusting for barrier self-efficacy. Self-compassion was also associated with higher accelerometer-measured PA (N = 811), and lower sitting time (N = 1,072), but not after adjusting for covariates. Barrier self-efficacy moderated the associations between self-compassion and self-reported activity behaviors, but not accelerometer-measured PA. Higher self-compassion was associated with higher LTPA and lower sitting time in individuals with high barrier self-efficacy. Conversely, higher self-compassion signified lower LTPA in individuals with low barrier self-efficacy. Accounting for barrier self-efficacy is thus necessary for the beneficial role of self-compassion in PA to be realized.
{"title":"Barrier Self-Efficacy Moderates the Relationship Between Self-Compassion and Self-Reported Leisure-Time Physical Activity.","authors":"Sohvi Nuojua,Anna-Maiju Leinonen,Raija Korpelainen,Maisa Niemelä,Marjo Seppänen,Mirka Hintsanen","doi":"10.1123/jsep.2025-0146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2025-0146","url":null,"abstract":"Self-compassion, a compassionate attitude toward oneself, has been associated with positive physical activity (PA) outcomes. This cross-sectional study on the 33- to 35-year follow-up data of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 examined the associations between self-compassion and self-reported leisure-time PA (LTPA), accelerometer-measured PA, and self-reported sitting time and assessed the moderating effect of PA barrier self-efficacy on these associations. Self-compassion was associated with higher LTPA (N = 2,080), also after adjusting for key PA-related covariates, such as gender, perceived health, and level of education but not after adjusting for barrier self-efficacy. Self-compassion was also associated with higher accelerometer-measured PA (N = 811), and lower sitting time (N = 1,072), but not after adjusting for covariates. Barrier self-efficacy moderated the associations between self-compassion and self-reported activity behaviors, but not accelerometer-measured PA. Higher self-compassion was associated with higher LTPA and lower sitting time in individuals with high barrier self-efficacy. Conversely, higher self-compassion signified lower LTPA in individuals with low barrier self-efficacy. Accounting for barrier self-efficacy is thus necessary for the beneficial role of self-compassion in PA to be realized.","PeriodicalId":501398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology","volume":"86 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146021498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julia Limmeroth,Sascha Leisterer-Härtig,Norbert Hagemann,Matthew A Ladwig
Physical inactivity remains a major public health concern. While affective experiences are known to influence physical activity (PA), it is less clear how affective memories from physical education (PE) influence PA behavior in adulthood. This retrospective study investigated whether remembered enjoyment of PE and experiences of team selection are associated with current PA and sedentary behavior in a German adult sample (N = 692). Results showed that greater remembered enjoyment of PE was positively associated with moderate to vigorous PA (r = .15, p < .001) and negatively associated with sedentary time (r = -.14, p < .001). Being chosen last for teams was linked to lower PA (r = -.11, p = .004). An additional regression analysis identified PE enjoyment as an underlying factor between team selection and PA behavior in adulthood. These findings highlight that affective PE memories may form durable associations that shape lifelong PA behavior.
缺乏身体活动仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。虽然已知情感体验会影响体育活动（PA），但体育教育（PE）的情感记忆如何影响成年后的PA行为尚不清楚。这项回顾性研究调查了在德国成人样本（N = 692）中，记忆中的体育享受和团队选择经历是否与当前的PA和久坐行为有关。结果显示，更多的体育记忆享受与中度到剧烈的体育活动呈正相关（r = 0.15, p < 0.001），与久坐时间负相关（r = - 0.14, p < 0.001）。最后被选入球队与较低的PA有关（r = - 0.11, p = 0.004）。一项额外的回归分析表明，体育享受是团队选择和成年后个人行为之间的潜在因素。这些发现强调，情感的体育记忆可能会形成持久的联系，从而塑造终身的PA行为。
{"title":"Last in Line, Lasting in Mind? A Retrospective Investigation of the Relationship Between Physical Education Experiences and Adult Physical Activity.","authors":"Julia Limmeroth,Sascha Leisterer-Härtig,Norbert Hagemann,Matthew A Ladwig","doi":"10.1123/jsep.2025-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2025-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Physical inactivity remains a major public health concern. While affective experiences are known to influence physical activity (PA), it is less clear how affective memories from physical education (PE) influence PA behavior in adulthood. This retrospective study investigated whether remembered enjoyment of PE and experiences of team selection are associated with current PA and sedentary behavior in a German adult sample (N = 692). Results showed that greater remembered enjoyment of PE was positively associated with moderate to vigorous PA (r = .15, p < .001) and negatively associated with sedentary time (r = -.14, p < .001). Being chosen last for teams was linked to lower PA (r = -.11, p = .004). An additional regression analysis identified PE enjoyment as an underlying factor between team selection and PA behavior in adulthood. These findings highlight that affective PE memories may form durable associations that shape lifelong PA behavior.","PeriodicalId":501398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology","volume":"47 1","pages":"46-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146021499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel J Kinghorn,Matthew Hutchinson,Sinead Curry,Jie Zhang,Niels B J Vollaard
Exercise at higher intensities has been hypothesized to lead to greater decreases in affective valence, negatively impacting exercise enjoyment and adherence. Thus, findings that high-intensity interval training and sprint interval training (SIT) may be enjoyed more than moderate-intensity continuous training appear paradoxical. The aim of the present study was to examine whether this can be explained by an Intensity × Duration interaction effect. Twenty-nine participants (18 women; mean [standard deviation] age: 24 [5] years, body mass index: 23.4 [3.2] kg/m2, V˙O2max: 39.5 [6.5] ml·kg-1·min-1) performed five cycling sessions involving either 30 min at 80%, 100%, or 110% of the ventilatory threshold (VT), SIT (22-min session including 4 × 30-s all-out sprints), or reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT; 10-min session including 2 × 20-s all-out sprints). The decrease in affective valence during exercise was faster with higher intensities, but the brief duration of supramaximal sprints attenuated the absolute drop (no significant differences between REHIT, -0.7 [0.5]; 80% VT, -0.7 [0.5]; and 100% VT, -1.3 [0.6]; significantly greater decreases during SIT, -1.9 [0.6] and 110% VT, -3.0 [0.7]; both p < .01 vs. REHIT and 80% VT). REHIT involved lower exposure to reduced affect compared with the other trials (p < .001), and greater remembered enjoyment (physical activity enjoyment scale: 88 [16] compared with SIT, 71 [22], p < .001, and 110% VT, 73 [20], p = .003; no significance compared with 80% VT, 82 [18] or 100% VT, 76 [21]). Seventy-two percent of participants expressed a preference for REHIT. In conclusion, we provide evidence for an Intensity × Duration interaction effect for changes in affective valence during exercise. This explains the paradoxical finding that despite more rapid decreases in affective valence during exercise, high-intensity interval training/SIT can be enjoyed more than moderate-intensity continuous training.
{"title":"When Moderate Becomes Unpleasant and Intense Is Manageable: Exercise Intensity and Duration Interact to Regulate Exercise Enjoyment and Changes in Affective Valence.","authors":"Daniel J Kinghorn,Matthew Hutchinson,Sinead Curry,Jie Zhang,Niels B J Vollaard","doi":"10.1123/jsep.2025-0086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2025-0086","url":null,"abstract":"Exercise at higher intensities has been hypothesized to lead to greater decreases in affective valence, negatively impacting exercise enjoyment and adherence. Thus, findings that high-intensity interval training and sprint interval training (SIT) may be enjoyed more than moderate-intensity continuous training appear paradoxical. The aim of the present study was to examine whether this can be explained by an Intensity × Duration interaction effect. Twenty-nine participants (18 women; mean [standard deviation] age: 24 [5] years, body mass index: 23.4 [3.2] kg/m2, V˙O2max: 39.5 [6.5] ml·kg-1·min-1) performed five cycling sessions involving either 30 min at 80%, 100%, or 110% of the ventilatory threshold (VT), SIT (22-min session including 4 × 30-s all-out sprints), or reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT; 10-min session including 2 × 20-s all-out sprints). The decrease in affective valence during exercise was faster with higher intensities, but the brief duration of supramaximal sprints attenuated the absolute drop (no significant differences between REHIT, -0.7 [0.5]; 80% VT, -0.7 [0.5]; and 100% VT, -1.3 [0.6]; significantly greater decreases during SIT, -1.9 [0.6] and 110% VT, -3.0 [0.7]; both p < .01 vs. REHIT and 80% VT). REHIT involved lower exposure to reduced affect compared with the other trials (p < .001), and greater remembered enjoyment (physical activity enjoyment scale: 88 [16] compared with SIT, 71 [22], p < .001, and 110% VT, 73 [20], p = .003; no significance compared with 80% VT, 82 [18] or 100% VT, 76 [21]). Seventy-two percent of participants expressed a preference for REHIT. In conclusion, we provide evidence for an Intensity × Duration interaction effect for changes in affective valence during exercise. This explains the paradoxical finding that despite more rapid decreases in affective valence during exercise, high-intensity interval training/SIT can be enjoyed more than moderate-intensity continuous training.","PeriodicalId":501398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology","volume":"95 1","pages":"35-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146021500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joachim Hüffmeier,Ann-Kathrin Torka,Rune Høigaard,Tommy Haugen
In 2019, Schleu et al. showed that 400-m runners at major championships exhibited team effort gains-they ran faster in the relay than in the individual competition. However, due to low statistical power, it remains unclear whether these findings are replicable. In a replication and extension of this study, we wanted to find out whether its findings replicate in a sample of 1,718 observations from 1,270 U.S. college athletes and whether effort expenditure is driven by working in a team or the chance of valuable outcomes in the relay. As shown by linear mixed modeling and regression analyses, runners exhibited effort gains only if their relays had high medal chances and if they had not been successful in the individual competition (i.e., did not place first to third). Moreover, relay members who had been successful in the individual competition showed effort losses. Overall, effort expenditure was thus driven by rewards.
{"title":"Team- or Reward-Induced Effort Gains in Track and Field Relays? A Replication and Extension of Schleu et al. (2019).","authors":"Joachim Hüffmeier,Ann-Kathrin Torka,Rune Høigaard,Tommy Haugen","doi":"10.1123/jsep.2025-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2025-0001","url":null,"abstract":"In 2019, Schleu et al. showed that 400-m runners at major championships exhibited team effort gains-they ran faster in the relay than in the individual competition. However, due to low statistical power, it remains unclear whether these findings are replicable. In a replication and extension of this study, we wanted to find out whether its findings replicate in a sample of 1,718 observations from 1,270 U.S. college athletes and whether effort expenditure is driven by working in a team or the chance of valuable outcomes in the relay. As shown by linear mixed modeling and regression analyses, runners exhibited effort gains only if their relays had high medal chances and if they had not been successful in the individual competition (i.e., did not place first to third). Moreover, relay members who had been successful in the individual competition showed effort losses. Overall, effort expenditure was thus driven by rewards.","PeriodicalId":501398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145907526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weldon Green,Daniel J Phipps,Milla Saarinen,Taru Lintunen,Martin S Hagger,Keegan Knittle
Physical activity levels decline as children transition into adolescence. Preventing this trend may contribute to beneficial physical activity patterns later in life. Examining children's and parents' beliefs and behaviors can provide insight for designing (family-based) physical activity interventions. Groups of inactive parent-child dyads (N = 48) were interviewed about their dyadic and individual experiences of physical activity; salient psychological, social, and environmental factors; and ideas about how to improve their physical activity participation. The interviews were analyzed inductively using reflexive thematic analysis. Enjoyment was a key motivator of participant physical activity and required physical activity was also enjoyable. Lack of time, lack of self-control, and screen time were identified as barriers, and participants noted a loss of coactivity. The findings suggest avenues and preferences for future interventions, including fostering autonomous motivation, supporting the internalization of controlled forms of motivation, increasing opportunities for physical activity, and developing action control skills.
{"title":"Exploring Influences on Parent, Child, and Joint Physical Activity Among Inactive Parent-Child Dyads: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Weldon Green,Daniel J Phipps,Milla Saarinen,Taru Lintunen,Martin S Hagger,Keegan Knittle","doi":"10.1123/jsep.2025-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2025-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Physical activity levels decline as children transition into adolescence. Preventing this trend may contribute to beneficial physical activity patterns later in life. Examining children's and parents' beliefs and behaviors can provide insight for designing (family-based) physical activity interventions. Groups of inactive parent-child dyads (N = 48) were interviewed about their dyadic and individual experiences of physical activity; salient psychological, social, and environmental factors; and ideas about how to improve their physical activity participation. The interviews were analyzed inductively using reflexive thematic analysis. Enjoyment was a key motivator of participant physical activity and required physical activity was also enjoyable. Lack of time, lack of self-control, and screen time were identified as barriers, and participants noted a loss of coactivity. The findings suggest avenues and preferences for future interventions, including fostering autonomous motivation, supporting the internalization of controlled forms of motivation, increasing opportunities for physical activity, and developing action control skills.","PeriodicalId":501398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology","volume":"107 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145499540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiuying Miao,Na Xu,Xiaoting Wang,Li-Zhi Cao,Lizhong Chi
To chart the neurotemporal dynamics of corrective failure, we recorded electroencephalography from 30 elite basketball players as they performed a passing decision task. In a within-subjects design, a heuristic cue (a recommended pass) either Conflicted with the optimal action derived from video stimuli (Conflict condition) or aligned with it (Nonconflict condition). Behaviorally, the Conflict manipulation incurred significant costs: accuracy was lower in the Conflict condition, and when players succumbed to the bias, they exhibited longer response times and lower confidence compared to correct Nonconflict decisions. Neurally, we charted a progressive breakdown of corrective control. A preresponse P2-P3b-N500 cascade, reflecting effort, but insufficient corrective attempt, was followed by a postresponse error-related negativity signaling the detection of the failure. This provides the first electrophysiological evidence that such failures are not instantaneous but are a dynamic, sequential process. Our findings advance decision-making theory from static system descriptions to a dynamic, process-level understanding.
{"title":"A Neurotemporal Model of Heuristic Suppression Failure in Bias Responses During Basketball Passing Decisions.","authors":"Xiuying Miao,Na Xu,Xiaoting Wang,Li-Zhi Cao,Lizhong Chi","doi":"10.1123/jsep.2025-0133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2025-0133","url":null,"abstract":"To chart the neurotemporal dynamics of corrective failure, we recorded electroencephalography from 30 elite basketball players as they performed a passing decision task. In a within-subjects design, a heuristic cue (a recommended pass) either Conflicted with the optimal action derived from video stimuli (Conflict condition) or aligned with it (Nonconflict condition). Behaviorally, the Conflict manipulation incurred significant costs: accuracy was lower in the Conflict condition, and when players succumbed to the bias, they exhibited longer response times and lower confidence compared to correct Nonconflict decisions. Neurally, we charted a progressive breakdown of corrective control. A preresponse P2-P3b-N500 cascade, reflecting effort, but insufficient corrective attempt, was followed by a postresponse error-related negativity signaling the detection of the failure. This provides the first electrophysiological evidence that such failures are not instantaneous but are a dynamic, sequential process. Our findings advance decision-making theory from static system descriptions to a dynamic, process-level understanding.","PeriodicalId":501398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145380809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Tribute to Dr. Diane Gill.","authors":"Jeffrey J Martin,Erin J Reifsteck,Alan L Smith","doi":"10.1123/jsep.2025-0261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2025-0261","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology","volume":"118 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145380864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The negative effect of anxiety on performance has been explained via distraction (e.g., attentional control theory), self-focus (e.g., reinvestment theory), or an interaction of these mechanisms (e.g., interactionist hypothesis). For the first time, athletes' qualitative perception of all three mechanisms was explored. Ten amateur netball players completed an individual semistructured interview. Thematic analysis revealed three superordinate themes (distraction, self-focus, and interaction), two middle themes (sources and failure mechanisms), and a total of 10 subthemes (internal distractions, external distractions, impaired attentional control, overloaded attention, conscious motor processing, movement self-consciousness, deautomatization, distraction-induced self-focus, self-focus-induced distraction, and overload from simultaneous self-focus and distraction). Results suggest athletes notice instances of self-focus, distraction, and interactionist mechanisms. Interestingly, distraction and self-focus appeared to manifest a bidirectional relationship, whereby self-focus can be distracting and distraction can induce self-focus. This novel finding offers progress toward integrated rather than mutually exclusive conceptualizations of anxiety-performance mechanisms.
{"title":"Qualitative Experiences of Self-Focus, Distraction, and Interactionist Anxiety-Performance Mechanisms: What Do Players Perceive?","authors":"Shannon Rich,Shuge Zhang,Kaixiao Jiang,Caroline Wakefield,Robin Owen","doi":"10.1123/jsep.2025-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2025-0030","url":null,"abstract":"The negative effect of anxiety on performance has been explained via distraction (e.g., attentional control theory), self-focus (e.g., reinvestment theory), or an interaction of these mechanisms (e.g., interactionist hypothesis). For the first time, athletes' qualitative perception of all three mechanisms was explored. Ten amateur netball players completed an individual semistructured interview. Thematic analysis revealed three superordinate themes (distraction, self-focus, and interaction), two middle themes (sources and failure mechanisms), and a total of 10 subthemes (internal distractions, external distractions, impaired attentional control, overloaded attention, conscious motor processing, movement self-consciousness, deautomatization, distraction-induced self-focus, self-focus-induced distraction, and overload from simultaneous self-focus and distraction). Results suggest athletes notice instances of self-focus, distraction, and interactionist mechanisms. Interestingly, distraction and self-focus appeared to manifest a bidirectional relationship, whereby self-focus can be distracting and distraction can induce self-focus. This novel finding offers progress toward integrated rather than mutually exclusive conceptualizations of anxiety-performance mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":501398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145370627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cam Davidson,Cailie S McGuire,Mitchell C Profeit,Sebastian Harenberg,Jeffrey G Caron,Luc J Martin
Despite the prevalence of injury and positional competition (PC) in sport, the ways in which injury influences athletes' experiences with PC has yet to be investigated. The purpose of this study was to explore (a) how injury influences athletes' PC experiences and (b) how injury and PC together influence individual- and team-level outcomes. A two-phase qualitative approach was adopted situated within the Canadian interuniversity football context. In Phase 1, 12 athletes participated in semistructured interviews. The findings from these interviews were then discussed in focus group interviews with eight additional athletes (Phase 2). Data were analyzed through a critical realist lens. Three major themes were identified: (a) competing while injured-a perceived unavoidable reality of PC, (b) player status is a key feature of athletes' injury and PC experiences, and (c) a double-edged sword-injury creates and takes away playing time opportunities. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
{"title":"Implications of Injury on Athlete Experiences With Positional Competition in Sport.","authors":"Cam Davidson,Cailie S McGuire,Mitchell C Profeit,Sebastian Harenberg,Jeffrey G Caron,Luc J Martin","doi":"10.1123/jsep.2025-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2025-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the prevalence of injury and positional competition (PC) in sport, the ways in which injury influences athletes' experiences with PC has yet to be investigated. The purpose of this study was to explore (a) how injury influences athletes' PC experiences and (b) how injury and PC together influence individual- and team-level outcomes. A two-phase qualitative approach was adopted situated within the Canadian interuniversity football context. In Phase 1, 12 athletes participated in semistructured interviews. The findings from these interviews were then discussed in focus group interviews with eight additional athletes (Phase 2). Data were analyzed through a critical realist lens. Three major themes were identified: (a) competing while injured-a perceived unavoidable reality of PC, (b) player status is a key feature of athletes' injury and PC experiences, and (c) a double-edged sword-injury creates and takes away playing time opportunities. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":501398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology","volume":"130 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145296083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Researchers, and the public alike, assume that sport types (e.g., team, contact, aesthetic) inherently produce certain environments. To test these assumptions, we examined how sport types relate to adolescent participants' perceptions of sport contexts. Using survey data from 841 U.S. youth in 54 sports, we adopted a novel approach to include multiple sport types when (a) describing how sport types correlate to the perceived sport context and (b) examining how variance in sport enjoyment is predicted by sport type alongside other relational and structural aspects. Results show that sport types consistently predicted structural characteristics (e.g., team sports involved increased interdependence perceptions); yet, we observed fewer differences for relational characteristics (e.g., perceptions of friends). Relational characteristics also accounted for considerable variance in sport enjoyment, not explained by sport type alone. This study shows that clearer sport type definitions and precise assessments are needed to capture contextual factors that predict sport enjoyment.
{"title":"Rethinking Sport Type: Adolescent Sport Contexts and their Associations With Sport Enjoyment.","authors":"Jennifer P Agans,Michael Blair Evans","doi":"10.1123/jsep.2024-0337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2024-0337","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers, and the public alike, assume that sport types (e.g., team, contact, aesthetic) inherently produce certain environments. To test these assumptions, we examined how sport types relate to adolescent participants' perceptions of sport contexts. Using survey data from 841 U.S. youth in 54 sports, we adopted a novel approach to include multiple sport types when (a) describing how sport types correlate to the perceived sport context and (b) examining how variance in sport enjoyment is predicted by sport type alongside other relational and structural aspects. Results show that sport types consistently predicted structural characteristics (e.g., team sports involved increased interdependence perceptions); yet, we observed fewer differences for relational characteristics (e.g., perceptions of friends). Relational characteristics also accounted for considerable variance in sport enjoyment, not explained by sport type alone. This study shows that clearer sport type definitions and precise assessments are needed to capture contextual factors that predict sport enjoyment.","PeriodicalId":501398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology","volume":"92 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145296084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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