Abstract: Rapid international migration of significant populations generates profound implications for countries in West Asia, Europe, and other regions. The motivation of this work is to develop an agent-based model (ABM) to capture the existence of suchmigrant and refugee flows, and to explore the e ects of these flows on urban dynamics. Advances in agent-basedmodelling have led to theoretically-grounded spatial agent models of urban dynamics, capturing the dynamics of population, property prices, and regeneration. In this article we leverage such an extant agent-basedmodel founded on the rent-gap theory, as a lens to study the e ect of sizeable refugee migration upon a capital city in West Asia. In order to calibrate and validate the simulation model we construct indices for housing prices and other factors. Results from the model, implemented in NetLogo, show the impact of migration shock on the housing market, and identify the relative e icacy of housing intervention policies. Our work progresses towards a tool for policy makers asking what-if questions about the urban environment in the context of migration.
{"title":"Agent-Based Simulation of West Asian Urban Dynamics: Impact of Refugees","authors":"Ali Termos,Stefano Picascia,Neil Yorke-Smith","doi":"10.18564/jasss.4472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.4472","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Rapid international migration of significant populations generates profound implications for countries in West Asia, Europe, and other regions. The motivation of this work is to develop an agent-based model (ABM) to capture the existence of suchmigrant and refugee flows, and to explore the e ects of these flows on urban dynamics. Advances in agent-basedmodelling have led to theoretically-grounded spatial agent models of urban dynamics, capturing the dynamics of population, property prices, and regeneration. In this article we leverage such an extant agent-basedmodel founded on the rent-gap theory, as a lens to study the e ect of sizeable refugee migration upon a capital city in West Asia. In order to calibrate and validate the simulation model we construct indices for housing prices and other factors. Results from the model, implemented in NetLogo, show the impact of migration shock on the housing market, and identify the relative e icacy of housing intervention policies. Our work progresses towards a tool for policy makers asking what-if questions about the urban environment in the context of migration.","PeriodicalId":501488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"68 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138534956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Koehler,David M Slater,Garry Jacyna,James R Thompson
{"title":"Modeling COVID-19 for Lifting Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions","authors":"Matthew Koehler,David M Slater,Garry Jacyna,James R Thompson","doi":"10.18564/jasss.4585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.4585","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"104 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138535204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can Ethnic Tolerance Curb Self-Reinforcing School Segregation? A Theoretical Agent Based Model","authors":"Lucas Sage,Andreas Flache","doi":"10.18564/jasss.4544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.4544","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138535205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cascades Across Networks Are Sufficient for the Formation of Echo Chambers: An Agent-Based Model","authors":"Jan-Philipp Fränken,Toby Pilditch","doi":"10.18564/jasss.4566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.4566","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"4 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138535206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polarization is threatening the stability of democratic societies. Until now, polarization research has focused on opinion extremeness, overlooking the correlation between di erent policy issues. In this paper, we explain the emergence of hyperpolarization, i.e., the combination of extremeness and correlation between issues, by developing a new theory of opinion formation called “WeightedBalance Theory (WBT)”.WBT extends Heider’s cognitive balance theory to encompass multiple weighted attitudes. We validated WBT on empirical data from the 2016 National Election Survey. Furthermore, we developed an opinion dynamics model based onWBT, which, for the first time, is able to generate hyperpolarization and to explain the link between a ective and opinion polarization. Finally, our theory encompasses other phenomena of opinion dynamics, including mono-polarization and backfire e ects.
{"title":"A Weighted Balance Model of Opinion Hyperpolarization","authors":"Simon Schweighofer,Frank Schweitzer,David Garcia","doi":"10.18564/jasss.4306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.4306","url":null,"abstract":"Polarization is threatening the stability of democratic societies. Until now, polarization research has focused on opinion extremeness, overlooking the correlation between di erent policy issues. In this paper, we explain the emergence of hyperpolarization, i.e., the combination of extremeness and correlation between issues, by developing a new theory of opinion formation called “WeightedBalance Theory (WBT)”.WBT extends Heider’s cognitive balance theory to encompass multiple weighted attitudes. We validated WBT on empirical data from the 2016 National Election Survey. Furthermore, we developed an opinion dynamics model based onWBT, which, for the first time, is able to generate hyperpolarization and to explain the link between a ective and opinion polarization. Finally, our theory encompasses other phenomena of opinion dynamics, including mono-polarization and backfire e ects.","PeriodicalId":501488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138535207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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