Celina Vaquero, Leire Bilbao, Ana Pérez, Haizea Villaverde, Jon Maudes, O. Adarraga, Izaskun Bustero, Miren Hayet, Julen Caballero, Ibai Santamaría
Fully screen‐printed silver and copper temperature sensors were studied up to 100°C. The influence of the processing conditions and the composition of three silver and one copper commercial inks is analyzed in this study. The curing temperature is extremely relevant to stabilize the initial resistance of silver sensors, especially for those printed with the lowest solid content ink. All printed sensors showed good linear behavior in the range of 25–100°C (R2 > 0.999) except for those fabricated with the lowest solid content silver ink, which also displayed the highest hysteresis and drift. The temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) obtained for the copper sensors was 3.367 × 10−3 K−1 and for the three silver sensors, it ranged between 2.723 × 10−3 to 2.963 × 10−3 K−1. This TCR is higher than values reported for inkjet‐printed resistive temperature detectors. Overall, this work demonstrates that low‐cost, linear, screen‐printed temperature sensors can be successfully fabricated on flexible substrates.
{"title":"Silver and copper screen‐printed temperature sensors on flexible substrates: The impact of ink sintering conditions and composition","authors":"Celina Vaquero, Leire Bilbao, Ana Pérez, Haizea Villaverde, Jon Maudes, O. Adarraga, Izaskun Bustero, Miren Hayet, Julen Caballero, Ibai Santamaría","doi":"10.1002/appl.202300138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202300138","url":null,"abstract":"Fully screen‐printed silver and copper temperature sensors were studied up to 100°C. The influence of the processing conditions and the composition of three silver and one copper commercial inks is analyzed in this study. The curing temperature is extremely relevant to stabilize the initial resistance of silver sensors, especially for those printed with the lowest solid content ink. All printed sensors showed good linear behavior in the range of 25–100°C (R2 > 0.999) except for those fabricated with the lowest solid content silver ink, which also displayed the highest hysteresis and drift. The temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) obtained for the copper sensors was 3.367 × 10−3 K−1 and for the three silver sensors, it ranged between 2.723 × 10−3 to 2.963 × 10−3 K−1. This TCR is higher than values reported for inkjet‐printed resistive temperature detectors. Overall, this work demonstrates that low‐cost, linear, screen‐printed temperature sensors can be successfully fabricated on flexible substrates.","PeriodicalId":503210,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Galvagno, L. Tammaro, S. Portofino, F. Loffredo, A. De Girolamo Del Mauro, F. Villani, G. Pandolfi, P. Iovane, P. Tassini, C. Borriello
In recent years, the interest in structured hydrophobic surfaces has considerably grown, finding applications in many industrial fields, including aerospace, automotive, and biomedical. Three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology is a simple, rapid and economic process to fabricate structured surfaces based on neat polymers and composite materials, allowing working with a wide variety of plastic materials. The manufactured surfaces show a roughness depending on the printing design and the printing resolution: this characteristic is ideal to achieve superhydrophobic properties. Furthermore, patterned surface structures can be printed by Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), so increasing the hydrophobic character of the samples; indeed, micro and nano surface structures are required to make a hydrophobic surface.In this study, 3D micro‐patterned textures of pillars were printed by FFF using polylactide (PLA) and polypropilene (PP) as polymer filaments and PLA/carbon nanotubes (PLA/CNT) and PP/carbon fibers (PP/CF) as composite filaments. Morphologies of printed specimens were analyzed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Good correspondence was found between pillars dimensions and edge‐edge pillars distance of CAD model and composites 3D printed samples. Their wettability was evaluated by static contact angle measurements. Results clearly show a significant increase of water contact angle values up to 50% in all micropatterned samples with respect to flat surfaces. This improvement was achieved by surface microstructuring without the use of nanoparticles and/or chemical treatment.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
{"title":"Fabrication of 3D micropatterned hydrophobic surfaces by fused filament fabrication printing technology","authors":"S. Galvagno, L. Tammaro, S. Portofino, F. Loffredo, A. De Girolamo Del Mauro, F. Villani, G. Pandolfi, P. Iovane, P. Tassini, C. Borriello","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400003","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the interest in structured hydrophobic surfaces has considerably grown, finding applications in many industrial fields, including aerospace, automotive, and biomedical. Three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology is a simple, rapid and economic process to fabricate structured surfaces based on neat polymers and composite materials, allowing working with a wide variety of plastic materials. The manufactured surfaces show a roughness depending on the printing design and the printing resolution: this characteristic is ideal to achieve superhydrophobic properties. Furthermore, patterned surface structures can be printed by Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), so increasing the hydrophobic character of the samples; indeed, micro and nano surface structures are required to make a hydrophobic surface.In this study, 3D micro‐patterned textures of pillars were printed by FFF using polylactide (PLA) and polypropilene (PP) as polymer filaments and PLA/carbon nanotubes (PLA/CNT) and PP/carbon fibers (PP/CF) as composite filaments. Morphologies of printed specimens were analyzed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Good correspondence was found between pillars dimensions and edge‐edge pillars distance of CAD model and composites 3D printed samples. Their wettability was evaluated by static contact angle measurements. Results clearly show a significant increase of water contact angle values up to 50% in all micropatterned samples with respect to flat surfaces. This improvement was achieved by surface microstructuring without the use of nanoparticles and/or chemical treatment.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":503210,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"24 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Magnetic nanoparticles have recently attracted attention for biochemical and medical applications like drug delivery and hyperthermia for a variety of reasons with most important being their stability, chemical compatibility, and suitable magnetic properties like moderate specific mass magnetization. Cobalt ferrites are a well‐studied family of materials and the partial substitution of Fe3+ cations by rare earth (RE) ones may be used to tune the magnetic properties. In the present work pure and substituted Co ferrite nanoparticles with nominal stoichiometry CoFe2‐xRxO4 (R = Yb, Gd; x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.3) synthesized by the co‐precipitation method are studied with 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy in order to determine the incorporation of RE ions in the spinel lattice. The fitting procedure was based on the standard spinel model using two sextets for the octahedral and the tetrahedral coordinated positions of Fe atoms. All isomer shift values were found within the typical range of high spin ferric ions while quadrupole splitting values strongly suggest that there is a substitution preference; RE ions replace iron ones in octahedral sites. The inversion parameter was found to decrease with RE content (lowest value about 0.534 for CoFe1.90Yb0.10O4) and thermal treatment always results in changing the material towards normal spinel, while pure CoFe2O4 was inverse. Thermal treatment of substituted materials in ambient air at temperature range 1500‐1700 K for 12 hours increase crystallite size and changes the degree of inversion.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
近来，磁性纳米粒子在生化和医疗领域（如药物输送和热疗）的应用备受关注，原因有很多，其中最重要的是其稳定性、化学兼容性和合适的磁性，如适度的比质量磁化。钴铁氧体是一种经过深入研究的材料，用稀土（RE）阳离子部分取代 Fe3+ 阳离子可用于调整磁性能。本研究采用共沉淀法合成了纯钴铁氧体纳米颗粒和替代钴铁氧体纳米颗粒，其标称化学计量为 CoFe2-xRxO4（R = Yb、Gd；x = 0.05、0.1、0.3），并利用 57Fe 莫斯堡尔光谱进行了研究，以确定尖晶石晶格中 RE 离子的加入情况。拟合过程基于标准尖晶石模型，使用两个六面体分别表示铁原子的八面体和四面体配位位置。发现所有异构体偏移值都在高自旋铁离子的典型范围内，而四极分裂值则强烈表明存在一种替代偏好；RE 离子取代了八面体位点上的铁离子。研究发现，反转参数随 RE 含量的增加而减小（CoFe1.90Yb0.10O4 的最低值约为 0.534），热处理总是导致材料向正常尖晶石方向转变，而纯 CoFe2O4 则呈反转状态。在 1500-1700 K 的温度范围内，在环境空气中对替代材料进行 12 小时的热处理，可增加晶粒尺寸并改变反转程度。本文受版权保护。
{"title":"Mössbauer study of iron oxide nanoparticles","authors":"C. Karra, C. Sarafidis","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400008","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic nanoparticles have recently attracted attention for biochemical and medical applications like drug delivery and hyperthermia for a variety of reasons with most important being their stability, chemical compatibility, and suitable magnetic properties like moderate specific mass magnetization. Cobalt ferrites are a well‐studied family of materials and the partial substitution of Fe3+ cations by rare earth (RE) ones may be used to tune the magnetic properties. In the present work pure and substituted Co ferrite nanoparticles with nominal stoichiometry CoFe2‐xRxO4 (R = Yb, Gd; x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.3) synthesized by the co‐precipitation method are studied with 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy in order to determine the incorporation of RE ions in the spinel lattice. The fitting procedure was based on the standard spinel model using two sextets for the octahedral and the tetrahedral coordinated positions of Fe atoms. All isomer shift values were found within the typical range of high spin ferric ions while quadrupole splitting values strongly suggest that there is a substitution preference; RE ions replace iron ones in octahedral sites. The inversion parameter was found to decrease with RE content (lowest value about 0.534 for CoFe1.90Yb0.10O4) and thermal treatment always results in changing the material towards normal spinel, while pure CoFe2O4 was inverse. Thermal treatment of substituted materials in ambient air at temperature range 1500‐1700 K for 12 hours increase crystallite size and changes the degree of inversion.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":503210,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"106 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141124828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This treatise showcases the design as well as modeling about a photodetector (PD) based on AgInSe2 (AISe), a direct bandgap chalcopyrite with a bandgap of 1.19 eV. The PD exhibits outstanding optical and electronic characteristics, showcasing remarkable performance. The PD has been systematically investigated by varying the width, carrier density, and defect densities of specific layers, as well as the interface defect density of specific interfaces. Various layers are optimized to enhance the overall performance of the PD and the impact of different device resistances is analyzed. The photocurrent (JSC) and voltage (VOC) of the heterostructure photodetector are determined to be 38.60 mA/cm2 and 1.0 V, in turn. The maximum responsivity (R) and detectivity (D*) are identified as 0.70 A/W and 4.60×1016 Jones, respectively at a wavelength of 940 nm. The spectral response exhibits significantly higher values in the range of 800 to 1000 nm, indicating the device's capability to detect near‐infrared (NIR) light. This research provides valuable insights for the manufacturing of AISe material‐based photodetectors with enhanced performance.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
{"title":"Theoretical insights towards a highly responsive AgInSe2 photodetector","authors":"Md. Islahur Rahman Ebon, Ahnaf Tahmid Abir, Dinesh Pathak, J. Hossain","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400038","url":null,"abstract":"This treatise showcases the design as well as modeling about a photodetector (PD) based on AgInSe2 (AISe), a direct bandgap chalcopyrite with a bandgap of 1.19 eV. The PD exhibits outstanding optical and electronic characteristics, showcasing remarkable performance. The PD has been systematically investigated by varying the width, carrier density, and defect densities of specific layers, as well as the interface defect density of specific interfaces. Various layers are optimized to enhance the overall performance of the PD and the impact of different device resistances is analyzed. The photocurrent (JSC) and voltage (VOC) of the heterostructure photodetector are determined to be 38.60 mA/cm2 and 1.0 V, in turn. The maximum responsivity (R) and detectivity (D*) are identified as 0.70 A/W and 4.60×1016 Jones, respectively at a wavelength of 940 nm. The spectral response exhibits significantly higher values in the range of 800 to 1000 nm, indicating the device's capability to detect near‐infrared (NIR) light. This research provides valuable insights for the manufacturing of AISe material‐based photodetectors with enhanced performance.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":503210,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"105 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141126157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Lionas, D. Velessiotis, G. Pilatos, K. Giannakopoulos, A. Kyriakis, N. Glezos, D. Skarlatos
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted interest for optoelectronic applications due to their unique electronic and optoelectronic properties. In particular, Multi‐Wall (MW) CNTs film acts as perfect photo‐collector surface with the possibility to tune the absorbance by controlling the film thickness. In this work, we demonstrate two types of hybrid Si‐MWCNTs photodetectors. The MWCNTs are solution‐ processed and deposited on n‐silicon substrate covered by two different dielectrics (Si3N4 or SiO2). The MWCNTs/SiO2/n‐Si device is used here as reference, since the SiO2/Si system is the most widely investigated structure in microelectronics. The electrical and optical characteristics of the reference device are compared with the corresponding of our basic MWCNTs/Si3N4 /n‐Si device. The MWCNTs are deposited on the substrate with the drop casting technique. Optical performance of the SiO2 device is comparable to the Si3N4 device thus revealing a quite interesting response under UV illumination. The Si3N4 device exhibited a peak Equivalent Quantum Efficiency (EQE) of 57% at 3μW of source illumination power, thus demonstrating a superior performance as compared to the SiO2 device (EQE of up to 55%, which is also promising for future applications). This performance can be attributed to the great absorption in UV region of CNTs layer. Apart from this technological goal, we also investigated how MWCNTs/Si3N4 or MWCNTs/SiO2 heterojunctions perform using standard electrical characterization techniques and how the presence of the CNTs change the dielectric characteristics of both substrates.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
{"title":"Optimizing Fabrication and Performance of Liquid‐Processed Carbon Nanotube Photodetectors on Various Substrates","authors":"V. Lionas, D. Velessiotis, G. Pilatos, K. Giannakopoulos, A. Kyriakis, N. Glezos, D. Skarlatos","doi":"10.1002/appl.202300121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202300121","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted interest for optoelectronic applications due to their unique electronic and optoelectronic properties. In particular, Multi‐Wall (MW) CNTs film acts as perfect photo‐collector surface with the possibility to tune the absorbance by controlling the film thickness. In this work, we demonstrate two types of hybrid Si‐MWCNTs photodetectors. The MWCNTs are solution‐ processed and deposited on n‐silicon substrate covered by two different dielectrics (Si3N4 or SiO2). The MWCNTs/SiO2/n‐Si device is used here as reference, since the SiO2/Si system is the most widely investigated structure in microelectronics. The electrical and optical characteristics of the reference device are compared with the corresponding of our basic MWCNTs/Si3N4 /n‐Si device. The MWCNTs are deposited on the substrate with the drop casting technique. Optical performance of the SiO2 device is comparable to the Si3N4 device thus revealing a quite interesting response under UV illumination. The Si3N4 device exhibited a peak Equivalent Quantum Efficiency (EQE) of 57% at 3μW of source illumination power, thus demonstrating a superior performance as compared to the SiO2 device (EQE of up to 55%, which is also promising for future applications). This performance can be attributed to the great absorption in UV region of CNTs layer. Apart from this technological goal, we also investigated how MWCNTs/Si3N4 or MWCNTs/SiO2 heterojunctions perform using standard electrical characterization techniques and how the presence of the CNTs change the dielectric characteristics of both substrates.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":503210,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"32 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139778364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Achimovičová, Katarína Gáborová, Vladimír Girman, E. Dutková, Jaroslav Briančin, P. Levinský, V. Puchý
Silver(I) selenide, Ag2Se was very simply and conveniently prepared from Ag and Se powders in a stoichiometric ratio by one‐step mechanochemical synthesis after 10 min of milling in a planetary ball mill. The kinetics of this synthesis and the structural, morphological, optical, and thermoelectric properties of the product were studied. The crystal structure, physical properties, and morphology were characterised by X‐ray diffraction, specific surface area measurements, particle size distribution analysis, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. XRD confirmed the orthorhombic crystal structure of naumannite, Ag2Se. The electron microscopy revealed that the nanostructured product consisted of isolated rod‐shaped particles and agglomerated nanoparticles of irregular shape which formed clusters with a size > 30 μm. Crystallinity was inspected by selected area diffraction. The optical properties were studied using UV‐Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The determined band gap energy of 1.15 eV was blue‐shifted relative to the bulk Ag2Se. For the densification of mechanochemically synthesized powdered Ag2Se, the spark plasma sintering method was applied to prepare a suitable sample for thermoelectric characterization. High‐temperature thermoelectric properties were evaluated in terms of the potential application of mechanochemically synthesized Ag2Se in energy conversion.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
在行星式球磨机中研磨 10 分钟后，通过一步机械化学合成法以原子和硒粉末为原料，非常简单方便地制备出了硒化银（I），即 Ag2Se。研究了这种合成的动力学以及产品的结构、形态、光学和热电特性。通过 X 射线衍射、比表面积测量、粒度分布分析、扫描和透射电子显微镜对晶体结构、物理性质和形态进行了表征。X 射线衍射证实了瑙锰矿 Ag2Se 的正长方晶体结构。电子显微镜显示，纳米结构产品由孤立的棒状颗粒和不规则形状的团聚纳米颗粒组成，这些颗粒形成的团块尺寸大于 30 微米。结晶度通过选区衍射法进行检测。利用紫外可见光谱和光致发光光谱对其光学特性进行了研究。所测定的 1.15 eV 带隙能与块状 Ag2Se 相比发生了蓝移。为了使机械化学合成的 Ag2Se 粉末致密化，采用了火花等离子烧结法制备出适合热电特性分析的样品。本文受版权保护。本文受版权保护。
{"title":"Simple mechanochemical synthesis, characterization, optical and thermoelectric properties of a nanostructured silver (I) selenide semiconductor","authors":"M. Achimovičová, Katarína Gáborová, Vladimír Girman, E. Dutková, Jaroslav Briančin, P. Levinský, V. Puchý","doi":"10.1002/appl.202300076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202300076","url":null,"abstract":"Silver(I) selenide, Ag2Se was very simply and conveniently prepared from Ag and Se powders in a stoichiometric ratio by one‐step mechanochemical synthesis after 10 min of milling in a planetary ball mill. The kinetics of this synthesis and the structural, morphological, optical, and thermoelectric properties of the product were studied. The crystal structure, physical properties, and morphology were characterised by X‐ray diffraction, specific surface area measurements, particle size distribution analysis, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. XRD confirmed the orthorhombic crystal structure of naumannite, Ag2Se. The electron microscopy revealed that the nanostructured product consisted of isolated rod‐shaped particles and agglomerated nanoparticles of irregular shape which formed clusters with a size > 30 μm. Crystallinity was inspected by selected area diffraction. The optical properties were studied using UV‐Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The determined band gap energy of 1.15 eV was blue‐shifted relative to the bulk Ag2Se. For the densification of mechanochemically synthesized powdered Ag2Se, the spark plasma sintering method was applied to prepare a suitable sample for thermoelectric characterization. High‐temperature thermoelectric properties were evaluated in terms of the potential application of mechanochemically synthesized Ag2Se in energy conversion.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":503210,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139778105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Myco degradation is an effective technique for breaking down waste plant substances made of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, which are collectively known as lignocellulose. This abundant organic material is found throughout the world. Due to its recalcitrant nature, lignocellulose poses a challenge for efficient conversion into biofuels, biochemicals, and other valuable products. Myco degradation, which involves the use of fungi to degrade lignocellulosic materials, offers a sustainable and cost‐efficient resolution to this challenge. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms and applications of myco degradation for lignocellulosic biomass degradation. The review discusses the various types of fungi involved in lignocellulose degradation, their enzymatic systems, and the factors that influences their performance. Furthermore, the potential applications of myco degradation products, such as biofuels, enzymes, and bioplastics, are reviewed. It also highlights the implications of myco degradation for waste management and sustainable development. Overall, myco degradation represents a promising technology for the efficient deprivation of lignocellulosic waste biomass, and further research in this field holds great potential for the sustainable creation of bio‐based products.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
{"title":"Utilizing Fungal Biodegradation for Valorisation of Lignocellulosic Waste Biomass and Its Diverse Applications","authors":"Prerna Mehta, Dinesh Kumar Chelike","doi":"10.1002/appl.202300119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202300119","url":null,"abstract":"Myco degradation is an effective technique for breaking down waste plant substances made of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, which are collectively known as lignocellulose. This abundant organic material is found throughout the world. Due to its recalcitrant nature, lignocellulose poses a challenge for efficient conversion into biofuels, biochemicals, and other valuable products. Myco degradation, which involves the use of fungi to degrade lignocellulosic materials, offers a sustainable and cost‐efficient resolution to this challenge. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms and applications of myco degradation for lignocellulosic biomass degradation. The review discusses the various types of fungi involved in lignocellulose degradation, their enzymatic systems, and the factors that influences their performance. Furthermore, the potential applications of myco degradation products, such as biofuels, enzymes, and bioplastics, are reviewed. It also highlights the implications of myco degradation for waste management and sustainable development. Overall, myco degradation represents a promising technology for the efficient deprivation of lignocellulosic waste biomass, and further research in this field holds great potential for the sustainable creation of bio‐based products.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":503210,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"57 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139841777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eléonore Masarweh, Mariia Arseenko, Philippe Guaino, Denis Flandre
Measurements of the Young's modulus and residual stresses of screen‐printed ink layers using a bulge test on coated polyimide‐based membranes are proposed in this work. The applied bulge test monitors the deflection of membranes under pressure with interferometry. The obtained Young's modulus ranges from 6 to 8 GPa for a carbon blend based ink and is around 12 GPa for a silver nanoparticle ink. These values are compared with standard nanoindentation and show good agreement. Besides, the residual stresses range from ‐4 to 8 MPa for the carbon blend based ink, while the silver ink is measured around ‐10 MPa. The use of the membrane‐based method underlines the influence of exact deposition and curing conditions on the ink film material properties. The impact of the substrate on the ink layer properties, such as the thickness and its uniformity, is discussed, especially with regards to the heat treatment of the membrane.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
{"title":"Membrane‐based mechanical characterization of screen‐printed inks: deflection analysis of ink layers on polyimide membranes","authors":"Eléonore Masarweh, Mariia Arseenko, Philippe Guaino, Denis Flandre","doi":"10.1002/appl.202300113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202300113","url":null,"abstract":"Measurements of the Young's modulus and residual stresses of screen‐printed ink layers using a bulge test on coated polyimide‐based membranes are proposed in this work. The applied bulge test monitors the deflection of membranes under pressure with interferometry. The obtained Young's modulus ranges from 6 to 8 GPa for a carbon blend based ink and is around 12 GPa for a silver nanoparticle ink. These values are compared with standard nanoindentation and show good agreement. Besides, the residual stresses range from ‐4 to 8 MPa for the carbon blend based ink, while the silver ink is measured around ‐10 MPa. The use of the membrane‐based method underlines the influence of exact deposition and curing conditions on the ink film material properties. The impact of the substrate on the ink layer properties, such as the thickness and its uniformity, is discussed, especially with regards to the heat treatment of the membrane.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":503210,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"211 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139847227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseph Odhiambo Aguk, Collins Kalwale Mweresa, M. Ayieko
Desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria) pause a significant threat to food security. However, they also serve as a nutrient‐rich delicacy in many African and Arabic communities where they are traditionally harvested for food and feed. Traditional harvesting methods are inefficient, laborious and time‐consuming hence, the need to explore more convenient and efficient techniques. This study assessed preferential selection and feeding behavior of desert locusts to identify trap plants that could attract and aggregate them for easy harvesting. Four trap plants (cowpea, finger millet, sorghum, and amaranth) and four repellent plants (neem, pencil cactus, garlic, and cayenne red pepper) were evaluated through multiple‐choice experiments. A randomized complete block design (RCBD), mature adult, immature adult and hopper stages of desert locust were involved. ANOVA was used to determine effects of repellent and trap plants on feeding preferences of desert locusts. Mean differences between treatments at p<0.05 were separated using post‐hoc Tukey HSD. Cowpea as the most preferred trap plant attracted 62.7%, 70.7% and 76.9% of mature adult, immature adult and hopper locust stages, respectively. Neem exhibited the most potent repellent effect and attracted no desert locust for feeding. Neem repelled locusts thereby reducing infestation and damage of cowpea as a pull plant when both plants were grown in the same pot in a "push‐pull" system. The push‐pull attracted 3.7%, 24.3% and 7.8% of mature adult, immature adult and hopper locust stages, respectively. However, cowpea attracted large numbers of locusts (96.3% mature adults, 75.7% immature adults and 92.2% hoppers) when grown separately from neem. These findings provide valuable insights on the potential of exploiting trap and repellents to enhance aggregation and harvesting of desert locusts as food and feed.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
{"title":"Enhancing Attraction and Aggregation of Desert Locusts for Efficient Harvesting: Push‐Pull Approach","authors":"Joseph Odhiambo Aguk, Collins Kalwale Mweresa, M. Ayieko","doi":"10.1002/appl.202300108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202300108","url":null,"abstract":"Desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria) pause a significant threat to food security. However, they also serve as a nutrient‐rich delicacy in many African and Arabic communities where they are traditionally harvested for food and feed. Traditional harvesting methods are inefficient, laborious and time‐consuming hence, the need to explore more convenient and efficient techniques. This study assessed preferential selection and feeding behavior of desert locusts to identify trap plants that could attract and aggregate them for easy harvesting. Four trap plants (cowpea, finger millet, sorghum, and amaranth) and four repellent plants (neem, pencil cactus, garlic, and cayenne red pepper) were evaluated through multiple‐choice experiments. A randomized complete block design (RCBD), mature adult, immature adult and hopper stages of desert locust were involved. ANOVA was used to determine effects of repellent and trap plants on feeding preferences of desert locusts. Mean differences between treatments at p<0.05 were separated using post‐hoc Tukey HSD. Cowpea as the most preferred trap plant attracted 62.7%, 70.7% and 76.9% of mature adult, immature adult and hopper locust stages, respectively. Neem exhibited the most potent repellent effect and attracted no desert locust for feeding. Neem repelled locusts thereby reducing infestation and damage of cowpea as a pull plant when both plants were grown in the same pot in a \"push‐pull\" system. The push‐pull attracted 3.7%, 24.3% and 7.8% of mature adult, immature adult and hopper locust stages, respectively. However, cowpea attracted large numbers of locusts (96.3% mature adults, 75.7% immature adults and 92.2% hoppers) when grown separately from neem. These findings provide valuable insights on the potential of exploiting trap and repellents to enhance aggregation and harvesting of desert locusts as food and feed.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":503210,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"44 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139856354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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