The process efficiency and energy efficiency of extrusion equipment emerge as pivotal challenges constraining the development of the polymer extrusion industry. This article presents a new principle of polymeric field synergy to guide the solution to the low mixing efficiency and energy utilization efficiency of traditional extrusion equipment. Finite element analysis was conducted on four novel unconventional screw configurations and compared with the traditional single-thread screw. Results revealed that more complicated melt flow patterns generated in the modified novel screw configurations enhanced the stretching deformation or helical flow. The stretching or helical flows to varying degrees during the melt extrusion process thereby improved the mixing and heat transport efficiency. Among them, helical flow induced by the Maddock element exhibited the most significant impact on stretching flow and ductile deformation in the flow field. Simultaneously, the helical flow caused radial motion of the internal material, significantly promoting the synergy between the velocity field, velocity gradient field, and temperature gradient field. This enhanced radial heat and mass transport efficiency within the screw channel, subsequently improving the overall operational efficiency of the equipment. The results of the finite element analysis have substantiated the scientific validity of the polymeric field synergy principle.
{"title":"Polymeric field synergy principle: Revealing the intrinsic mechanism of screw channel optimization to enhance thermal management and process efficiency","authors":"Wei Pan, Shizheng Huang, Jiawei Zhu, Xiankui Zeng, Weimin Yang, Ranran Jian","doi":"10.18686/cest.v2i2.134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18686/cest.v2i2.134","url":null,"abstract":"The process efficiency and energy efficiency of extrusion equipment emerge as pivotal challenges constraining the development of the polymer extrusion industry. This article presents a new principle of polymeric field synergy to guide the solution to the low mixing efficiency and energy utilization efficiency of traditional extrusion equipment. Finite element analysis was conducted on four novel unconventional screw configurations and compared with the traditional single-thread screw. Results revealed that more complicated melt flow patterns generated in the modified novel screw configurations enhanced the stretching deformation or helical flow. The stretching or helical flows to varying degrees during the melt extrusion process thereby improved the mixing and heat transport efficiency. Among them, helical flow induced by the Maddock element exhibited the most significant impact on stretching flow and ductile deformation in the flow field. Simultaneously, the helical flow caused radial motion of the internal material, significantly promoting the synergy between the velocity field, velocity gradient field, and temperature gradient field. This enhanced radial heat and mass transport efficiency within the screw channel, subsequently improving the overall operational efficiency of the equipment. The results of the finite element analysis have substantiated the scientific validity of the polymeric field synergy principle.","PeriodicalId":504271,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy Science and Technology","volume":"2003 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global warming, environmental pollution, and energy scarcity have emerged as significant problems for human society due to the swift advancement of modernization. Some of these problems may be resolved with research and applications of clean energy technologies. Readers can get helpful information about such studies from the nine excellent articles in this issue. In particular, this issue includes four review articles, four commentary articles, and one original research paper.
{"title":"Editorial for Clean Energy Science and Technology (Volume 2, Issue 1)","authors":"Weimin Yang","doi":"10.18686/cest.v2i1.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18686/cest.v2i1.165","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming, environmental pollution, and energy scarcity have emerged as significant problems for human society due to the swift advancement of modernization. Some of these problems may be resolved with research and applications of clean energy technologies. Readers can get helpful information about such studies from the nine excellent articles in this issue. In particular, this issue includes four review articles, four commentary articles, and one original research paper.","PeriodicalId":504271,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy Science and Technology","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140733754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qingbin Tian, Lansen Bi, Shuyan Lin, Jiang-Shan Gao, Yan He
Cold plasma has been extensively studied and developed in the field of energy storage and conversion, with a focus on its ability to assist in catalyst synthesis, surface modification, the introduction of heteroatoms, the generation of defects and vacancies, the improvement of catalyst dispersion, and the reduction of particle size. In contrast to conventional calcination and chemical methods, the energy from cold plasma can be transferred directly to the catalyst and carrier during the treatment process, which can improve the interaction between the loaded catalyst and carrier by changing the internal structure and surface morphology of the catalyst. Therefore, these properties make cold plasma quite green, safe, and efficient for catalyst synthesis and modification. In this paper, the characteristics and applications of various cold plasma technologies, as well as the synergistic treatment of cold plasma technology with thermodynamic principles on catalysts, are analyzed. Based on current research progress, this paper provides a summary and outlook on the synthesis and modification of catalysts using cold plasma.
{"title":"A review of cold plasma for catalyst synthesis and modification","authors":"Qingbin Tian, Lansen Bi, Shuyan Lin, Jiang-Shan Gao, Yan He","doi":"10.18686/cest.v2i1.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18686/cest.v2i1.131","url":null,"abstract":"Cold plasma has been extensively studied and developed in the field of energy storage and conversion, with a focus on its ability to assist in catalyst synthesis, surface modification, the introduction of heteroatoms, the generation of defects and vacancies, the improvement of catalyst dispersion, and the reduction of particle size. In contrast to conventional calcination and chemical methods, the energy from cold plasma can be transferred directly to the catalyst and carrier during the treatment process, which can improve the interaction between the loaded catalyst and carrier by changing the internal structure and surface morphology of the catalyst. Therefore, these properties make cold plasma quite green, safe, and efficient for catalyst synthesis and modification. In this paper, the characteristics and applications of various cold plasma technologies, as well as the synergistic treatment of cold plasma technology with thermodynamic principles on catalysts, are analyzed. Based on current research progress, this paper provides a summary and outlook on the synthesis and modification of catalysts using cold plasma.","PeriodicalId":504271,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy Science and Technology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiehui Zheng, Yingying Su, Wenhao Wang, Zhigang Li, Qinghua Wu
With the maturity of hydrogen storage technologies, hydrogen-electricity coupling energy storage in green electricity and green hydrogen modes is an ideal energy system. The construction of hydrogen-electricity coupling energy storage systems (HECESSs) is one of the important technological pathways for energy supply and deep decarbonization. In a HECESS, hydrogen storage can maintain the energy balance between supply and demand and increase the utilization efficiency of energy. However, its scenario models in power system establishment and the corresponding solution methods still need to be studied in depth. For accelerating the construction of HECESSs, firstly, this paper describes the current applications of hydrogen storage technologies from three aspects: hydrogen production, hydrogen power generation, and hydrogen storage. Secondly, based on the complementary synergistic mechanism of hydrogen energy and electric energy, the structure of the HECESS and its operation mode are described. To study the engineering applications of HECESSs more deeply, the recent progress of HECESS application at the source, grid, and load sides is reviewed. For the application of the models of hydrogen storage at the source/grid/load side, the selection of the solution method will affect the optimal solution of the model and solution efficiency. As solving complex multi-energy coupling models using traditional optimization methods is difficult, the paper therefore explored the advantages of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms and their applications in HECESSs. Finally, the technical application in the construction of new power systems supported by HECESSs is prospected. The study aims to provide a reference for the research on hydrogen storage in power systems.
{"title":"Hydrogen-electricity coupling energy storage systems: Models, applications, and deep reinforcement learning algorithms","authors":"Jiehui Zheng, Yingying Su, Wenhao Wang, Zhigang Li, Qinghua Wu","doi":"10.18686/cest.v2i1.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18686/cest.v2i1.96","url":null,"abstract":"With the maturity of hydrogen storage technologies, hydrogen-electricity coupling energy storage in green electricity and green hydrogen modes is an ideal energy system. The construction of hydrogen-electricity coupling energy storage systems (HECESSs) is one of the important technological pathways for energy supply and deep decarbonization. In a HECESS, hydrogen storage can maintain the energy balance between supply and demand and increase the utilization efficiency of energy. However, its scenario models in power system establishment and the corresponding solution methods still need to be studied in depth. For accelerating the construction of HECESSs, firstly, this paper describes the current applications of hydrogen storage technologies from three aspects: hydrogen production, hydrogen power generation, and hydrogen storage. Secondly, based on the complementary synergistic mechanism of hydrogen energy and electric energy, the structure of the HECESS and its operation mode are described. To study the engineering applications of HECESSs more deeply, the recent progress of HECESS application at the source, grid, and load sides is reviewed. For the application of the models of hydrogen storage at the source/grid/load side, the selection of the solution method will affect the optimal solution of the model and solution efficiency. As solving complex multi-energy coupling models using traditional optimization methods is difficult, the paper therefore explored the advantages of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms and their applications in HECESSs. Finally, the technical application in the construction of new power systems supported by HECESSs is prospected. The study aims to provide a reference for the research on hydrogen storage in power systems.","PeriodicalId":504271,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy Science and Technology","volume":"106 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140079558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jie Zhang, Lingling Zhang, Hulin Li, Xinyue Tian, Rongpu Huang, Jinling Lu
Oily sludge is a common by-product of the petroleum exploration industry, which is rich in resources and has strong toxicity. It is categorized as hazardous waste in many nations worldwide. Owing to the distinct physical and chemical characteristics of sub/supercritical water, the application of hydrothermal conversion technology, which uses sub/supercritical water as a medium, has been growing in the utilization of resources and the safe disposal of oily sludge. In this article, the research on the oxygen-free hydrothermal transformation of oil sludge, including hydrothermal carbonization, hydrothermal liquefaction, hydrothermal upgrading, and supercritical water gasification, is reviewed. Due to the significant impact of nitrogenous and sulfurous compounds in sludge on hydrothermal conversion products, the hydrogenation conversion, reaction path, and kinetics for these two compounds were discussed. Finally, a summary and comparison of the studies conducted on carriers and catalysts in hydrothermal processes are provided. This review can offer recommendations for future studies, as well as guidance for the hydrothermal catalytic treatment of oily sludge.
{"title":"Catalyzed hydrothermal treatment of oily sludge: A review","authors":"Jie Zhang, Lingling Zhang, Hulin Li, Xinyue Tian, Rongpu Huang, Jinling Lu","doi":"10.18686/cest.v2i1.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18686/cest.v2i1.107","url":null,"abstract":"Oily sludge is a common by-product of the petroleum exploration industry, which is rich in resources and has strong toxicity. It is categorized as hazardous waste in many nations worldwide. Owing to the distinct physical and chemical characteristics of sub/supercritical water, the application of hydrothermal conversion technology, which uses sub/supercritical water as a medium, has been growing in the utilization of resources and the safe disposal of oily sludge. In this article, the research on the oxygen-free hydrothermal transformation of oil sludge, including hydrothermal carbonization, hydrothermal liquefaction, hydrothermal upgrading, and supercritical water gasification, is reviewed. Due to the significant impact of nitrogenous and sulfurous compounds in sludge on hydrothermal conversion products, the hydrogenation conversion, reaction path, and kinetics for these two compounds were discussed. Finally, a summary and comparison of the studies conducted on carriers and catalysts in hydrothermal processes are provided. This review can offer recommendations for future studies, as well as guidance for the hydrothermal catalytic treatment of oily sludge.","PeriodicalId":504271,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy Science and Technology","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140414249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adsorption-based water management and evaporative cooling personal thermal management (PTM) technologies offer great potential to achieve adaptive temperature regulation, wide applicability, and low energy consumption. However, designing high-performance and durable hygroscopic composites that combine efficient heat dissipation with wear comfort is a challenge. More recently, Xu et al. used two hygroscopic polymers and crosslinking strategies to develop moisture-absorbent fabrics with excellent hygroscopicity, durability, ductility, air permeability, washable resistance, and antibacterial properties. This work paved an intriguing PTM application prospect of an all-polymer hygroscopic composite to achieve energy-efficient moisture sorption and evaporative cooling.
{"title":"Hygroscopic all-polymer composite for moisture management and evaporative cooling","authors":"Yan-Xin Gao, Yang Li, Xiao Chen","doi":"10.18686/cest.v2i1.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18686/cest.v2i1.111","url":null,"abstract":"Adsorption-based water management and evaporative cooling personal thermal management (PTM) technologies offer great potential to achieve adaptive temperature regulation, wide applicability, and low energy consumption. However, designing high-performance and durable hygroscopic composites that combine efficient heat dissipation with wear comfort is a challenge. More recently, Xu et al. used two hygroscopic polymers and crosslinking strategies to develop moisture-absorbent fabrics with excellent hygroscopicity, durability, ductility, air permeability, washable resistance, and antibacterial properties. This work paved an intriguing PTM application prospect of an all-polymer hygroscopic composite to achieve energy-efficient moisture sorption and evaporative cooling.","PeriodicalId":504271,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy Science and Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140419469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the era of industrial revolution, from powering factories to keeping our digital world humming, energy resources are the hidden engine behind modern economic activity, fueling production, transportation, and every click of a keyboard[1]. However, these commercial endeavors generate contaminants and toxins, which are extremely harmful for the environment and public health. To overcome these concerns, the utilization of clean energy is the main focus to enhance the economic growth and environmental preservation. During this time, many researchers and academicians are pivoted to study and research on clean energy technologies. Their successful research work helped us in publishing one commentary and six review articles, centered around the efficient use of resources, sustainable development, and environmental protection, in issue 2, volume 1 of this journal. It offers readers an overview of the most recent research trends in clean energy technology.
{"title":"Editorial for Clean Energy Science and Technology (Volume 1 Issue 2)","authors":"Xianfeng Fan","doi":"10.18686/cest.v1i2.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18686/cest.v1i2.124","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of industrial revolution, from powering factories to keeping our digital world humming, energy resources are the hidden engine behind modern economic activity, fueling production, transportation, and every click of a keyboard[1]. However, these commercial endeavors generate contaminants and toxins, which are extremely harmful for the environment and public health. To overcome these concerns, the utilization of clean energy is the main focus to enhance the economic growth and environmental preservation. During this time, many researchers and academicians are pivoted to study and research on clean energy technologies. Their successful research work helped us in publishing one commentary and six review articles, centered around the efficient use of resources, sustainable development, and environmental protection, in issue 2, volume 1 of this journal. It offers readers an overview of the most recent research trends in clean energy technology.","PeriodicalId":504271,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy Science and Technology","volume":"48 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139594968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaosu Yu, Wangbiao Guo, Zhan Hu, Pengcheng Li, Zhuowei (Amanda) Zhang, Jun Cheng, Chunfeng Song, Qing Ye
The potential for utilizing flue gas as a carbon source in microalgal cultivation holds great promise. Incorporating flue gas as a carbon source into microalgae culture processes can accelerate the growth rate of microalgae, consequently enhancing the overall economic viability of the integrated process. There are two key sources of flue gas to consider: flue gas from coal-fired power plants, characterized by a CO2 concentration of 12–15 w/w%, and flue gas from coal chemical processes, boasting a CO2 concentration of 90–99 w/w%. Additionally, the choice between an open or sealed microalgae culture system can also influence economic efficiency. Thus, there are four distinct microalgal cultivation routes to assess: in-situ open systems, off-situ open systems, in-situ sealed systems, and off-situ sealed systems. The incorporation of flue gas as a carbon source in microalgae cultivation demonstrates significant potential for reducing both environmental impact and costs, rendering it a highly promising and sustainable approach for economically efficient microalgae cultivation. In this review, the in-situ open route is recommended for the situation with high flue gas CO2 concentration and the target products of low-margin commodities, while the off-situ sealed route is suitable for the situation with low flue gas CO2 concentration and the target products of high value-added products.
{"title":"Flue gas CO2 supply methods for microalgae utilization: A review","authors":"Xiaosu Yu, Wangbiao Guo, Zhan Hu, Pengcheng Li, Zhuowei (Amanda) Zhang, Jun Cheng, Chunfeng Song, Qing Ye","doi":"10.18686/cest.v1i2.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18686/cest.v1i2.78","url":null,"abstract":"The potential for utilizing flue gas as a carbon source in microalgal cultivation holds great promise. Incorporating flue gas as a carbon source into microalgae culture processes can accelerate the growth rate of microalgae, consequently enhancing the overall economic viability of the integrated process. There are two key sources of flue gas to consider: flue gas from coal-fired power plants, characterized by a CO2 concentration of 12–15 w/w%, and flue gas from coal chemical processes, boasting a CO2 concentration of 90–99 w/w%. Additionally, the choice between an open or sealed microalgae culture system can also influence economic efficiency. Thus, there are four distinct microalgal cultivation routes to assess: in-situ open systems, off-situ open systems, in-situ sealed systems, and off-situ sealed systems. The incorporation of flue gas as a carbon source in microalgae cultivation demonstrates significant potential for reducing both environmental impact and costs, rendering it a highly promising and sustainable approach for economically efficient microalgae cultivation. In this review, the in-situ open route is recommended for the situation with high flue gas CO2 concentration and the target products of low-margin commodities, while the off-situ sealed route is suitable for the situation with low flue gas CO2 concentration and the target products of high value-added products.","PeriodicalId":504271,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy Science and Technology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chenpeng Zhao, Ruqing Li, Biao Fang, Rui Wang, Han Liang, Lei Wang, Ruilin Wu, Yunan Wei, Zhangyuan Wang, Zhipeng Su, Runwei Mo
Carbon nanomaterials are widely used as substrate materials to prepare stretchable conductive composites due to their good stability, strong conductivity, and low price. In response to the demand for optimizing the performance of composite materials, various manufacturing methods for preparing carbon nanomaterial-reinforced stretchable conductive composite materials have emerged. Among them, 3D printing technology has the advantages of flexible processes and excellent product performance and has received widespread attention. This review focuses on the research progress of adding carbon nanomaterials as reinforcing phases to polymer materials using 3D printing technology. The application prospects of conductive polymer composites based on nanocarbon fillers in aerospace, energy storage, biomedicine, and other fields are prospected.
碳纳米材料具有稳定性好、导电性强、价格低廉等优点，被广泛用作制备可拉伸导电复合材料的基底材料。为了满足优化复合材料性能的需求，出现了多种制备碳纳米材料增强拉伸导电复合材料的方法。其中，3D 打印技术具有工艺灵活、产品性能优异等优点，受到了广泛关注。本综述主要介绍利用 3D 打印技术在聚合物材料中添加碳纳米材料作为增强相的研究进展。展望了基于纳米碳填料的导电聚合物复合材料在航空航天、储能、生物医药等领域的应用前景。
{"title":"3D-printed stretchable conductive polymer composites with nano-carbon fillers for multifunctional applications","authors":"Chenpeng Zhao, Ruqing Li, Biao Fang, Rui Wang, Han Liang, Lei Wang, Ruilin Wu, Yunan Wei, Zhangyuan Wang, Zhipeng Su, Runwei Mo","doi":"10.18686/cest.v1i2.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18686/cest.v1i2.84","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanomaterials are widely used as substrate materials to prepare stretchable conductive composites due to their good stability, strong conductivity, and low price. In response to the demand for optimizing the performance of composite materials, various manufacturing methods for preparing carbon nanomaterial-reinforced stretchable conductive composite materials have emerged. Among them, 3D printing technology has the advantages of flexible processes and excellent product performance and has received widespread attention. This review focuses on the research progress of adding carbon nanomaterials as reinforcing phases to polymer materials using 3D printing technology. The application prospects of conductive polymer composites based on nanocarbon fillers in aerospace, energy storage, biomedicine, and other fields are prospected.","PeriodicalId":504271,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy Science and Technology","volume":"58 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139240551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current impacts of climate change necessitate the promotion and use of renewable energy sources to avert the growing environmental and health concerns emanating from fossil fuels. Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is a promising, renewable, and sustainable energy source based on its abundance and feedstock properties. Anaerobic digestion (AD) involves a biochemical process that can convert LCB to biogas through hydrolysis and biomethanation processes through the action of microorganisms such as methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria. The hydrolysis of LCB releases various reducing sugars, which are essential in the production of biofuels such as bioethanol and biogas, organic acids, phenols, and aldehydes. The resultant biogas can complement energy needs while achieving economic, environmental, and health benefits. Enhancement of the AD process for LCB to bioenergy can be realized through appropriate pretreatment capable of disrupting the complex lignocellulosic structure and freeing cellulose and hemicellulose from the binding lignin for enzymatic saccharification and fermentation. Determining the optimal pretreatment technique for AD is critical for the success of the LCB energy production process. This study evaluated the application of chemical pretreatment to the improvement of LCB digestion for bioenergy production. The study reviews the LCB characteristics, AD processes, and the role of various chemical pretreatment techniques such as acid, alkali, organosolv, ozonolysis, and ionic fluids. The findings of this study create an understanding of the action methods and benefits of different LCB chemical pretreatment techniques while highlighting the outstanding drawbacks that require divergent strategies.
{"title":"Chemical pretreatment in lignocellulosic biomass, anaerobic digestion, and biomethanation","authors":"Erick Auma Omondi, Arnold Aluda Kegode","doi":"10.18686/cest.v1i2.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18686/cest.v1i2.70","url":null,"abstract":"The current impacts of climate change necessitate the promotion and use of renewable energy sources to avert the growing environmental and health concerns emanating from fossil fuels. Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is a promising, renewable, and sustainable energy source based on its abundance and feedstock properties. Anaerobic digestion (AD) involves a biochemical process that can convert LCB to biogas through hydrolysis and biomethanation processes through the action of microorganisms such as methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria. The hydrolysis of LCB releases various reducing sugars, which are essential in the production of biofuels such as bioethanol and biogas, organic acids, phenols, and aldehydes. The resultant biogas can complement energy needs while achieving economic, environmental, and health benefits. Enhancement of the AD process for LCB to bioenergy can be realized through appropriate pretreatment capable of disrupting the complex lignocellulosic structure and freeing cellulose and hemicellulose from the binding lignin for enzymatic saccharification and fermentation. Determining the optimal pretreatment technique for AD is critical for the success of the LCB energy production process. This study evaluated the application of chemical pretreatment to the improvement of LCB digestion for bioenergy production. The study reviews the LCB characteristics, AD processes, and the role of various chemical pretreatment techniques such as acid, alkali, organosolv, ozonolysis, and ionic fluids. The findings of this study create an understanding of the action methods and benefits of different LCB chemical pretreatment techniques while highlighting the outstanding drawbacks that require divergent strategies.","PeriodicalId":504271,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy Science and Technology","volume":"41 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139256480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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