Maria Clara Albuquerque Brandão, Gabriela de Carvalho Teixeira, Liliam Fernandes de Oliveira
The posterior chain muscles of the lower limb include the hamstrings and triceps surae, along with the Achilles tendon. This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of static stretching exercises commonly used in clinical and training settings on the shear modulus (µ) of these muscles and tendon using Supersonic Shear-Wave Imaging (SSI) elastography. Fifteen healthy adults participated in the study, performing stretching exercises for hamstrings and triceps surae. Shear modulus and joint range of motion (ROM) were measured before and after the stretching protocols. The hip and ankle mean ROM significantly increased by 19.27% and 24.10%, respectively. However, the stretching protocol did not significantly alter in µ of the hamstrings, the gastrocnemius muscles, and the Achilles tendon. K-means clustering analysis identified a group where the subjects with lower initial ROM showed higher amplitude gains and a significant decrease in the semimembranosus stiffness after stretching. These findings suggest that the stretching protocol was effective in improving joint mobility but not sufficient to elicit immediate mechanical changes in muscle and tendon stiffness. Neural adaptations and nonmuscular structures might contribute to increased ROM. The study highlights the importance of considering individual initial ROM and subsequent responses when evaluating the effects of stretching exercises on muscle and tendon properties.
下肢后链肌肉包括腘绳肌和肱三头肌以及跟腱。本研究旨在利用超音速剪切波成像（SSI）弹性成像技术，研究临床和训练中常用的静态拉伸运动对这些肌肉和肌腱剪切模量（µ）的急性影响。15 名健康成年人参与了这项研究，并进行了腘绳肌和肱三头肌的拉伸练习。研究人员在拉伸练习前后测量了剪切模量和关节活动范围（ROM）。髋关节和踝关节的平均活动范围分别显著增加了 19.27% 和 24.10%。然而，拉伸方案并没有明显改变腘绳肌、腓肠肌和跟腱的µ。K-means 聚类分析发现，初始 ROM 较低的受试者在拉伸后表现出更高的振幅增益和半膜肌僵硬度的明显下降。这些研究结果表明，拉伸方案能有效改善关节活动度，但不足以立即引起肌肉和肌腱僵硬度的机械变化。神经适应和非肌肉结构可能有助于增加关节活动度。这项研究强调了在评估拉伸运动对肌肉和肌腱特性的影响时，考虑个体初始 ROM 和后续反应的重要性。
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Caitlin Rigler, Gautam Menon, Samuel Lipworth, J. Langrish, C. Kipps, M. Shanmuganathan, Ralph Smith
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