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Optimized road noise asphalt pavement technologies 优化道路噪音沥青路面技术
Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.31075/pis.70.01.01
Kerim Hrapović
From a medical point of view, noise has long been recognized as a stress factor for humans. A high level of noise makes it difficult to concentrate, creates not only stress but also health problems for the ears, and also has a damaging effect on the cardiovascular and endocrine systems - noise makes you sick! Road traffic accounts for a significant share of total noise, especially in conurbations. In order to effectively reduce noise emissions, surface courses can be installed as road surfaces that generate particularly little noise in interaction with the vehicle tyre. The road surface must therefore contribute to reducing traffic noise at the source.
从医学角度看,噪音早已被认为是人类的一个压力因素。高水平的噪音使人难以集中精力,不仅给耳朵造成压力和健康问题,还会对心血管和内分泌系统产生破坏性影响--噪音让人生病!道路交通占总噪音的很大一部分,尤其是在城市中心。为了有效减少噪音排放,可以在路面上铺设地表铺装材料,这些材料在与车辆轮胎相互作用时产生的噪音特别小。因此,路面必须从源头上减少交通噪音。
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引用次数: 0
Sump Indicators in Focus – Investigating Modal Distribution in Urban Mobility Research 聚焦底盘指标--城市交通研究中的模式分布调查
Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.31075/pis.70.01.04
Edin Gadžo, Arnela Mujić, Osman Lindov
These plans aim to strike a balance between the prevalent use of private cars and alternative modes of transport. A pivotal aspect of SUMP formulation lies in the identification of indicators, serving as tools for cities to assess their mobility systems and strategically address strengths and weaknesses. The European Commission provides a set of reliable indicators for standardized assessments, ensuring uniform data collection. Despite the importance of SUMPs, cities often lack consistent political and institutional support for their integration into urban development plans. Additionally, disparities exist in the application of methodologies for data collection in defining SUMP indicators. This paper thoroughly analyzes the indicator identification process within the SUMP creation framework. It highlights the need for continuous political backing and institutional support for SUMP projects within urban development plans. Furthermore, the paper addresses the variations in applying methodologies for data collection, emphasizing the importance of standardization. The focus is on the European Commission's indicators, providing practical insights into their application for a more uniform assessment of mobility systems. The research contributes by presenting a refined method for data collection, encompassing both basic and additional SUMP indicators. The study also introduces an in-depth analysis of modal distribution, offering a valuable resource for cities interested in formulating new SUMPs. By enhancing our understanding of these critical aspects, this paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on sustainable urban mobility and supports the development of more effective and harmonized transportation planning strategies.
这些计划的目的是在普遍使用私家车和替代交通方式之间取得平衡。制定 SUMP 的一个关键方面在于确定指标,作为城市评估其交通系统并从战略上解决优缺点的工具。欧盟委员会为标准化评估提供了一套可靠的指标,确保统一的数据收集。尽管 SUMPs 十分重要,但城市在将其纳入城市发展计划时往往缺乏一致的政治和制度支持。此外,在确定 SUMP 指标时,数据收集方法的应用也存在差异。本文深入分析了 SUMP 创建框架内的指标确定过程。它强调了在城市发展计划中为 SUMP 项目提供持续的政治支持和机构支持的必要性。此外,本文还探讨了数据收集方法的应用差异,强调了标准化的重要性。重点是欧盟委员会的指标,为应用这些指标对交通系统进行更统一的评估提供了实用的见解。这项研究提出了一种完善的数据收集方法,包括基本指标和附加 SUMP 指标。研究还对模式分布进行了深入分析,为有意制定新 SUMP 的城市提供了宝贵资源。通过加强我们对这些关键方面的理解,本文将为正在进行的有关可持续城市交通的讨论做出贡献,并为制定更有效、更协调的交通规划战略提供支持。
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引用次数: 0
Urban Transport - Synergies between City and the Port - the Example of the City of Koper 城市交通 - 城市与港口的协同作用 - 以科佩尔市为例
Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.31075/pis.70.01.02
M. Stojaković, E. Twrdy
Koper is located in Slovenia near the Italian border and is the fifth largest city in Slovenia with 53,000 inhabitants. The history of the town is interesting because it first flourished during the Venetian Republic, when it became an important administrative and cultural centre of Istria. After the Second World War, the city underwent a different development as a harbour was built next to the old town. Today, Koper is a town that connects the old town centre with the newer surrounding settlements and is closely linked to the port of Luka Koper. The municipality covers an area of 303 km2, 48% of which is protected by Natura. Since 2017, the municipality of Koper has been implementing an integrated transport strategy aimed at ensuring sustainable and environmentally friendly mobility for its citizens. To ensure accessibility and a better quality of life, pedestrians, cyclists and public transport are promoted in particular. Residents of Koper who do not live in the old town still predominantly use private cars to get to work, school, and university. Koper is an old city that has existed since the time of the Roman Republic and has many monuments. To reduce the number of cars, the city centre has been closed to traffic, and residents of Koper's old town can use parking garages or open parking lots for a small fee. For everyone else, parking lots with P+R facilities have been set up, but there is great dissatisfaction among the population. Another problem is the increasing freight traffic coming in and out of the port of Koper. The port and the city live in harmony, but the problem of increasing freight traffic at critical times and on critical days is a big problem. In this paper we will outline the measures that should be taken in the area of public passenger transport and freight transport to ensure that the strategy is implemented.
科佩尔位于斯洛文尼亚境内,靠近意大利边境,是斯洛文尼亚第五大城市,拥有 5.3 万居民。这座城市的历史非常有趣,因为它最初兴盛于威尼斯共和国时期,成为伊斯特拉重要的行政和文化中心。第二次世界大战后,这座城市经历了不同的发展,在老城旁边修建了一个港口。如今,科佩尔是一个将老城中心与周边新居民点连接起来的城市,并与卢卡-科佩尔港紧密相连。该市面积为 303 平方公里,其中 48% 受到自然保护区的保护。自 2017 年以来,科佩尔市一直在实施一项综合交通战略,旨在确保为市民提供可持续的环保交通。为确保交通便利和提高生活质量,特别提倡行人、骑自行车者和公共交通。不住在老城区的科佩尔居民仍然主要使用私家车上班、上学和上大学。科佩尔是一座从罗马共和国时期就存在的古城,拥有许多古迹。为了减少汽车数量,市中心已经禁止通行,科佩尔老城区的居民可以使用停车库或露天停车场,只需支付少量费用。至于其他人,则可以使用带有 "P+R "设施的停车场,但民众对此非常不满。另一个问题是进出科佩尔港的货运量不断增加。港口与城市和谐共处,但在关键时刻和关键日子货运量不断增加是个大问题。在本文件中,我们将概述在公共客运和货运领域应采取的措施,以确保战略的实施。
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引用次数: 0
Testing and analysis of the elements of the high-risk road section concerning the quality of the pavement curtain and its impact on the value of the adhesion coefficient 测试和分析高风险路段的路面帷幕质量及其对附着系数值的影响
Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.31075/pis.70.01.05
Valentina Ivanović, Osman Lindov, Milija Radović
In the structure of factors on which traffic safety depends, road and road elements occupy an important place in the traffic safety management system. The elements of the road create the conditions for the danger caused by other elements to turn into a traffic accident. Road elements can affect the occurrence of traffic accidents, but in particular, they can affect the "weight", i.e. the result of a traffic accident. This statement is supported by the fact that there are a number of influential elements of the road that can be direct or indirect causes of traffic accidents. The condition and quality of the roadway affect the safety of the traffic as a direct factor. The paper emphasizes the quality of the carriageway curtain and the analysis of the impact of the same on the value of the adhesion coefficient. The value of the adhesion coefficient is determined by practical measurement with a pendulum (Skid Resistance Taster) on parts of a high-risk section of the main road, in order to achieve its satisfactory quality, i.e. satisfactory grip coefficient.
在交通安全所依赖的因素结构中,道路和道路要素在交通安全管理系统中占有重要地位。道路要素为其他要素造成的危险转化为交通事故创造了条件。道路要素会影响交通事故的发生,特别是会影响 "重量",即交通事故的结果。事实证明了这一说法,道路上有许多有影响的要素,它们可能是造成交通事故的直接或间接原因。道路的状况和质量是影响交通安全的直接因素。本文强调车行道帷幕的质量,并分析其对附着系数值的影响。附着系数的值是通过在主干道高风险路段的部分路段上使用摆锤(防滑测试仪)进行实际测量来确定的,以达到令人满意的质量,即令人满意的抓地力系数。
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引用次数: 0
Turbo roundabout - An alternative to classic two lane roundabout 涡轮环岛 - 经典双车道环岛的替代方案
Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.31075/pis.69.04.03
Teodora Popović, Biljana Ivanović
Traffic congestion and the questionable safety of two-lane roundabouts are two justified criteria for the introduction of turbo roundabouts. The increase in capacity, which also results in an increase in the level of service, is a positive aspect of this alternative type of roundabout. Also, reduced number of conflict and collision points at the exits and intersections at the turbo roundabout as well as lower vehicle speed, increase safety, compared to classic two-lane intersection. The mentioned advantages justify the need for improving existing overloaded roundabouts.Therefore, the subject of this article is the reconstruction of the existing two–lane roundabout with two entrances and exits, in Podgorica, at the intersection of “Josipa Broza Tita Street” and “V Proleterske brigade Street”, into a turbo roundabout.
交通拥堵和双车道环岛的安全性问题是采用涡轮增压环岛的两个合理标准。容量的增加也会导致服务水平的提高,这是这种环形交叉路口替代方案的积极方面。此外,与传统的双车道交叉口相比,涡轮环岛出口和交叉口的冲突点和碰撞点数量减少,车速降低,从而提高了安全性。因此,本文的主题是将波德戈里察 "Josipa Broza Tita 街 "和 "V Proleterske brigade 街 "交叉口处现有的双向两车道环岛改建为涡轮环岛。
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引用次数: 0
Last-mile delivery with electric vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and e-scooters and e-bikes 使用电动汽车、无人驾驶飞行器、电动滑板车和电动自行车进行最后一英里配送
Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.31075/pis.69.04.05
V. Ilin, Marko Veličković, Nemanja Garunovic, D. Simić
Intense growth of e-commerce over the last years has been recognized to have a strong impact on logistics and transportation, and particularly on different modes of last-mile deliveries in urban areas. Simultaneously, many European regulations have imposed strict environmental limitations in terms of decreased air and noise pollution in urban areas. In such circumstances, logistics and transportation sector needs to offer more efficient and more environmental ways to deliver goods. In this paper, we consider electric vehicles (EV) and different concepts of EVs, like unmanned aerial vehicles, e-scooters, and e-bikes as appropriate solutions for last-mile deliveries from the environmental perspective and lifecycle costs.
过去几年,电子商务的迅猛发展对物流和运输,特别是城市地区最后一英里配送的不同模式产生了巨大影响。与此同时,许多欧洲法规对减少城市地区的空气和噪音污染施加了严格的环境限制。在这种情况下,物流和运输部门需要提供更高效、更环保的送货方式。在本文中,我们从环境角度和生命周期成本的角度考虑了电动汽车(EV)和不同概念的电动汽车,如无人驾驶飞行器、电动滑板车和电动自行车,作为最后一英里配送的合适解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
E-mobility Concept implementation in the function of sustainable Tourism development managing 在可持续旅游业发展管理中落实电动交通概念
Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.31075/pis.69.04.07
Valentina Ivanović, Osman Lindov, Nikola Ivanović, Branka Spasojević
Planning as sustainable mobility function requires new approaches and new planning concepts that encourage the transition to cleaner and more sustainable transport modes such as walking, cycling, public transport, new patterns of car use and ownership, and the adoption and use of new technologies as indispensable support for sustainable mobility development. This approach aims to satisfy the mobility needs with a healthier environment and a better quality of life, since healthy and ecologically clean environments are becoming more attractive, both for the local population and for tourists, which can be especially important for those local communities with special tourist potential and developed tourist offer. Given the fact that electric mobility contributes significantly to the climate change mitigation through the reduction of pollutant emissions using different types of electric vehicles, it is necessary to consider the possibility of using e-mobility in order to strengthen the offer of tourist destinations while simultaneously protecting these areas from excessive noise, pollution, usurpation and deterioration of the quality and appearance of tourist areas. Considering that the city of East Sarajevo, as one of the tourist attractive local communities in terms of the diversity of the tourist offer with a scattered concentration of tourist destinations on predominantly hilly terrain, this paper will present the concept of introducing a bike-sharing system, an electric bus and an eco-taxi vehicle in the function of tourists transportation system with supporting infrastructure development plan, all based on tourist demand data analysis.
作为可持续交通功能的规划需要新的方法和新的规划理念,鼓励向更清洁、更可持续的交通模式过渡,如步行、骑自行车、公共交通、新的汽车使用和拥有模式,以及采用和使用新技术,作为可持续交通发展不可或缺的支持。这种方法旨在以更健康的环境和更高的生活质量来满足交通需求,因为健康和生态清洁的环境对当地居民和游客都更具吸引力,这对那些具有特殊旅游潜力和旅游产品发达的当地社区尤为重要。鉴于电动交通通过使用不同类型的电动车辆减少污染物排放,大大有助于减缓气候变化,因此有必要考虑使用电动交通的可能性,以加强旅游目的地的服务,同时保护这些地区免受过度噪音、污染、侵占以及旅游区质量和外观恶化的影响。考虑到东萨拉热窝市是当地具有旅游吸引力的社区之一,旅游景点分散集中在以丘陵为主的地形上,本文将根据游客需求数据分析,提出在游客交通系统功能中引入自行车共享系统、电动公交车和环保出租车的概念,以及配套的基础设施发展计划。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of highway construction on the volume and distribution of traffic flows: Case study for highway A2 in Serbia 高速公路建设对交通流量和分布的影响:塞尔维亚 A2 公路案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.31075/pis.69.04.02
Draženko Glavić
In this paper, the total traffic flows on the old and new road were analyzed, after the construction of the new road. Traffic flows were analyzed on the example of the A2 highway (the Miloš Veliki highway) and the B-22 road (the so-called Ibarska Magistrala). The aim of the papaer is the analysis of the distribution of total traffic flows, as well as the analysis of traffic flows by toll categories between old and new road. Statistical analysis methods were applied in the paper. The obtained results show a significant increase in total traffic flows after the construction of the highway on the Belgrade - Čačak road direction. The analysis yielded very interesting data on the distribution of traffic flows. In further research, it is necessary to conduct a survey in order to reveal the realtions and influencing factors on the volume and distribution of traffic flows, as well as the category of traffic flows (newly created, diverted and normal traffic flows).
本文分析了新旧公路建成后的总交通流量。交通流量分析以 A2 高速公路(米洛什-维利基高速公路)和 B-22 公路(所谓的 Ibarska Magistrala)为例。本文的目的是分析总交通流量的分布情况,以及新旧公路之间按收费类别划分的交通流量分析。本文采用了统计分析方法。分析结果表明,贝尔格莱德至恰恰克公路建成后,总流量大幅增加。分析得出了非常有趣的交通流量分布数据。在进一步的研究中,有必要开展一项调查,以揭示交通流量和分布的实际情况和影响因素,以及交通流量的类别(新建交通流量、分流交通流量和正常交通流量)。
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引用次数: 0
Achieving balance between infrastructure development and biodiversity conservation: benefits and challenges 实现基础设施发展与生物多样性保护之间的平衡:效益与挑战
Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.31075/pis.69.04.04
Milos Despotovic, Iva Misic, Matija Petkovic
This study addresses the critical task of achieving a delicate equilibrium between infrastructure development and biodiversity conservation, focusing on Serbia as a case study. Infrastructure projects drive economic growth but often harm the environment. International financial institutions have stringent biodiversity requirements, while national legislation varies in detail. This research identifies key challenges, such as non-alignment with global standards, data gaps, capacity issues, and limited awareness. Solutions involve integrated approaches, improved communication, updated data, and resource allocation. Collaboration between stakeholders is crucial. Balancing development and biodiversity is not just a moral duty but an investment in our future. This study aims to raise awareness and inspire collective efforts to preserve biodiversity while ensuring prosperity.
本研究以塞尔维亚为案例,探讨了在基础设施发展和生物多样性保护之间实现微妙平衡的关键任务。基础设施项目推动经济增长,但往往会对环境造成危害。国际金融机构有严格的生物多样性要求,而国家立法在细节上却各不相同。本研究指出了一些主要挑战,如与全球标准不一致、数据缺口、能力问题和意识有限等。解决方案涉及综合方法、改善沟通、更新数据和资源分配。利益相关者之间的合作至关重要。平衡发展与生物多样性不仅是一种道义责任,也是对我们未来的投资。本研究旨在提高人们的认识,激励大家共同努力,在确保繁荣的同时保护生物多样性。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of sight distance for safe overtaking on road 22, section Mataruška Banja - Ušće, according to the criterion "clean shoulder" 根据 "路肩整洁 "标准,分析 22 号公路 Mataruška Banja - Ušće 段安全超车的视距
Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.31075/pis.69.04.01
B. Aleksic, Marija Živadinović, Lazar Savković
Overtaking is defined by the Law on Road Traffic Safety as a traffic participant passing another traffic participant moving along the carriageway in the same direction. Different speeds between vehicles lead to a greater need for overtaking and therefore a higher accident rate. Overtaking is a risk factor in itself, and other safety risks also arise from speed dispersion. When talking about the overtaking process, the factor road plays a very important role. The road factor represents direct communication with road users, namely traffic signage on the road. One of the most important elements of the factor road in terms of the overtaking process is represented by properly defined zones along the road where overtaking of vehicles is allowed or prohibited. In the first part of the paper, the methodological procedure applied in the determination and analysis of visibility for safe overtaking is stated, while the second part of the paper contains results obtained by the applied methodological procedure. The methodological procedure was applied on the section of road 22, road section Mataruška Banja - Ušće, and it was obtained that in the direction towards Ušće the permitted sight distance is 18.7% of the total length of the section, while in the opposite direction the permitted sight distance is 18.1%.
根据《道路交通安全法》的定义,超车是指一名交通参与者超越另一名沿车行道同向行驶的交通参与者。车辆之间的速度不同,导致超车的必要性更大,因此事故率也更高。超车本身就是一个风险因素,车速分散也会产生其他安全风险。在超车过程中,道路因素起着非常重要的作用。道路因素代表着与道路使用者的直接沟通,即道路上的交通标志。在超车过程中,道路因素中最重要的因素之一是沿路适当划定允许或禁止车辆超车的区域。本文第一部分阐述了确定和分析安全超车能见度所采用的方法程序,第二部分则包含所采用的方法程序得出的结果。该方法程序适用于 22 号公路 Mataruška Banja - Ušće 路段,结果显示,在通往 Ušće 的方向上,允许的视距为该路段总长度的 18.7%,而在相反方向上,允许的视距为 18.1%。
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引用次数: 0
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