Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.75543
D. Suswati
The detrimental ecological impact of unauthorized gold mining in Indonesia is significantly profound, notably apparent in the nutrient-deficient, sandy soils with low pH resulting from the process. These conditions contribute to considerable land productivity decline, especially in West Kalimantan. In response to this challenge, the current study proposes an inventive approach for soil reclamation using red mud residue, derived from bauxite ore extraction, and cow manure as restorative elements. This research delves into a novel soil restoration technique that employs red mud waste (a residual from ore refinement) in conjunction with cow manure as ameliorative agents. A distinct amalgamation of 0.2 kg of red mud and 3 kg of cow manure (T2R3) showcased superior results. The incorporation of this blend resulted in a significant increase in soil pH by 0.93 units, an increase in macronutrient content ranging from 82.84%-503.07%, and plant growth (plant height and stem diameter) increased between 32.85%-54.31% in the treatment with 0.2 kg of red mud and 3 kg of cow manure (T2R3) compared to the lower treatment of 0.1 kg of red mud and 1 kg of cow manure (T1R1). These changes were evident, indicating improved soil fertility and the potential for increased crop yield
{"title":"The role of red mud and cow manure for sustainable post-gold mining land rehabilitation","authors":"D. Suswati","doi":"10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.75543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.75543","url":null,"abstract":"The detrimental ecological impact of unauthorized gold mining in Indonesia is significantly profound, notably apparent in the nutrient-deficient, sandy soils with low pH resulting from the process. These conditions contribute to considerable land productivity decline, especially in West Kalimantan. In response to this challenge, the current study proposes an inventive approach for soil reclamation using red mud residue, derived from bauxite ore extraction, and cow manure as restorative elements. This research delves into a novel soil restoration technique that employs red mud waste (a residual from ore refinement) in conjunction with cow manure as ameliorative agents. A distinct amalgamation of 0.2 kg of red mud and 3 kg of cow manure (T2R3) showcased superior results. The incorporation of this blend resulted in a significant increase in soil pH by 0.93 units, an increase in macronutrient content ranging from 82.84%-503.07%, and plant growth (plant height and stem diameter) increased between 32.85%-54.31% in the treatment with 0.2 kg of red mud and 3 kg of cow manure (T2R3) compared to the lower treatment of 0.1 kg of red mud and 1 kg of cow manure (T1R1). These changes were evident, indicating improved soil fertility and the potential for increased crop yield","PeriodicalId":509941,"journal":{"name":"SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology","volume":" 69","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.77206
Majda Choukri, M. Naimi, Mohamed Chikhaoui
This study examined the worsening severity of global droughts caused by climate change. However, the multiple definitions and varied range of drought indices pose challenges in effectively monitoring and assessing the prevalence and severity of droughts. This study aims to give a comprehensive overview of the various drought definitions found in the literature and how they have evolved based on their applications. Specifically, the focus was to shed light on the dynamic nature of drought characterization and offer insights into the factors that shaped its conceptualization over time. Within this context, this study explored three primary categories of drought indices: climatic, remote sensing, and composite. Each category was discussed in relation to its utility in specific fields, such as meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological drought assessments, along with an analysis of their strengths and limitations. Furthermore, this study presents modified meteorological drought indices that have been adapted to better monitor agricultural droughts. Additionally, the authors used geographic information systems to create a map showing the distribution of drought-related publications globally over the past decade. The findings showed that countries with arid and semi-arid climates are more actively involved in drought research, highlighting their particular interest and concern regarding the subject matter. The implications of this study emphasize the urgent need for immediate and coordinated efforts to address the escalating issue of droughts caused by climate change. By improving monitoring and assessment methods and focusing on tailored strategies in vulnerable regions, it is possible to mitigate the far-reaching consequences of drought and to build more resilient communities and ecosystems.
{"title":"Drought characterization: A systematic literature review","authors":"Majda Choukri, M. Naimi, Mohamed Chikhaoui","doi":"10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.77206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.77206","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the worsening severity of global droughts caused by climate change. However, the multiple definitions and varied range of drought indices pose challenges in effectively monitoring and assessing the prevalence and severity of droughts. This study aims to give a comprehensive overview of the various drought definitions found in the literature and how they have evolved based on their applications. Specifically, the focus was to shed light on the dynamic nature of drought characterization and offer insights into the factors that shaped its conceptualization over time. Within this context, this study explored three primary categories of drought indices: climatic, remote sensing, and composite. Each category was discussed in relation to its utility in specific fields, such as meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological drought assessments, along with an analysis of their strengths and limitations. Furthermore, this study presents modified meteorological drought indices that have been adapted to better monitor agricultural droughts. Additionally, the authors used geographic information systems to create a map showing the distribution of drought-related publications globally over the past decade. The findings showed that countries with arid and semi-arid climates are more actively involved in drought research, highlighting their particular interest and concern regarding the subject matter. The implications of this study emphasize the urgent need for immediate and coordinated efforts to address the escalating issue of droughts caused by climate change. By improving monitoring and assessment methods and focusing on tailored strategies in vulnerable regions, it is possible to mitigate the far-reaching consequences of drought and to build more resilient communities and ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":509941,"journal":{"name":"SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology","volume":"82 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.71431
J. Syamsiyah, D. Ariyanto, K. Komariah, A. Herawati, Pertiwi Kurnia Dwisetio, Safira Indrias Sari, Harjayanti Auliyaa Salsabila, Ganjar Herdiansyah, S. Hartati, M. Mujiyo
One of the organic farming goals is improving soil properties to support sustainable rice production. This study investigated the soil properties and rice yields under temporal variation of organic rice fields. Soil sampling was conducted in organic rice fields with three temporal variations, namely 0, 4, 7, and 10 years in a tropical monsoon region in Central Java, Indonesia. Variables observed included soil organic carbon, soil carbon stock, soil microbes population, dissolved organic carbon, soil liquid limit, soil sticky limit, soil plasticity limit, soil color changing limit, soil friability, soil porosity, soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus, soil available sulfur, exchangeable calcium, cation exchange capacity, total potassium, bulk density, base saturation, exchangeable sodium, exchangeable potassium, and rice yield. This study confirms that soil organic carbon increased by 51.63% within 10 years (from 1.84% to 2.79%). Organic farming also improved all the physical, chemical, and biological soil properties, by the increase of soil organic carbon. However, soil organic carbon is mostly determined by soil cation exchange capacity, soil total phosphorus, and soil porosity. The mechanism of rice yield increase in organic rice farming is not affected by soil organic carbon directly but through the synergic increase in soil total nitrogen. The 1% increase of soil organic carbon increases 0.065% of soil total nitrogen hence rice yield increases by 1.66 tons ha-1. This study supports sustainable agriculture by providing evidence of improved soil properties under organic farming.
{"title":"Temporal variation in the soil properties and rice yield of organic rice farming in the tropical monsoon region, Indonesia","authors":"J. Syamsiyah, D. Ariyanto, K. Komariah, A. Herawati, Pertiwi Kurnia Dwisetio, Safira Indrias Sari, Harjayanti Auliyaa Salsabila, Ganjar Herdiansyah, S. Hartati, M. Mujiyo","doi":"10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.71431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.71431","url":null,"abstract":"One of the organic farming goals is improving soil properties to support sustainable rice production. This study investigated the soil properties and rice yields under temporal variation of organic rice fields. Soil sampling was conducted in organic rice fields with three temporal variations, namely 0, 4, 7, and 10 years in a tropical monsoon region in Central Java, Indonesia. Variables observed included soil organic carbon, soil carbon stock, soil microbes population, dissolved organic carbon, soil liquid limit, soil sticky limit, soil plasticity limit, soil color changing limit, soil friability, soil porosity, soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus, soil available sulfur, exchangeable calcium, cation exchange capacity, total potassium, bulk density, base saturation, exchangeable sodium, exchangeable potassium, and rice yield. This study confirms that soil organic carbon increased by 51.63% within 10 years (from 1.84% to 2.79%). Organic farming also improved all the physical, chemical, and biological soil properties, by the increase of soil organic carbon. However, soil organic carbon is mostly determined by soil cation exchange capacity, soil total phosphorus, and soil porosity. The mechanism of rice yield increase in organic rice farming is not affected by soil organic carbon directly but through the synergic increase in soil total nitrogen. The 1% increase of soil organic carbon increases 0.065% of soil total nitrogen hence rice yield increases by 1.66 tons ha-1. This study supports sustainable agriculture by providing evidence of improved soil properties under organic farming.","PeriodicalId":509941,"journal":{"name":"SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology","volume":"173 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139170324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.72485
Buyung Al Fanshuri, Cahyo Prayogo, S. Soemarno, S. Prijono, N. Arfarita
Monitoring lemon production requires appropriate and efficient technology. The use of UAVs can addressed these challenges. The purpose of this study was to determine the best vegetation indices (VIs) for estimating chlorophyll content, plant height (PH), canopy area (CA), and fruit total numberas (FTN). CCM 200 was used as a tool to measure the chlorophyll content index (CCI), the number of fruits was measured by hand-counter, and other variables were recorded in meters. The UAV used was a Phantom 4 with a multispectral camera capable of capturing five different bands. The VIs was obtained via analysis of digital numbers generated by the multispectral camera. Then, the VIs was correlated with the CCI, PH, CA and FTN. VIs tested included the following: the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the normalized difference vegetation index-green (NDVIg), the normalized different index (NDI), green minus red (GMR), simple ratio (SR), the Visible Atmospherically Resistant Index (VARI), normalized difference red edge (NDRE), simple ratio red-edge (SRRE), the simple ratio vegetation index (SRVI), and the Canopy Chlorophyll Content Index (CCCI). The best model for predicting CCI was obtained using the NDVIg (R2=0.8480; RMSE=6.1665 and RRMSE=0.0908). Meanwhile, SR turned out to be the best model for predicting PH (R2=0.8266; RMSE=15.6432 and RRMSE=0.0883), CA (R2=0.6886; RMSE= 0.8826 and RRMSE=0.1907), and FTN (R2=0.6850; RMSE=24.5574 and RRMSE=0.3503). The implication of these results for future activities includes establishing early monitoring and evaluation systems for lemon yield and production. This model was developed and tested in this specific location and under these environmental conditions.
{"title":"The reliability of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with multispectral cameras for estimating chlorophyll content, plant height, canopy area, and fruit total number of Lemons (Citrus limon)","authors":"Buyung Al Fanshuri, Cahyo Prayogo, S. Soemarno, S. Prijono, N. Arfarita","doi":"10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.72485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.72485","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring lemon production requires appropriate and efficient technology. The use of UAVs can addressed these challenges. The purpose of this study was to determine the best vegetation indices (VIs) for estimating chlorophyll content, plant height (PH), canopy area (CA), and fruit total numberas (FTN). CCM 200 was used as a tool to measure the chlorophyll content index (CCI), the number of fruits was measured by hand-counter, and other variables were recorded in meters. The UAV used was a Phantom 4 with a multispectral camera capable of capturing five different bands. The VIs was obtained via analysis of digital numbers generated by the multispectral camera. Then, the VIs was correlated with the CCI, PH, CA and FTN. VIs tested included the following: the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the normalized difference vegetation index-green (NDVIg), the normalized different index (NDI), green minus red (GMR), simple ratio (SR), the Visible Atmospherically Resistant Index (VARI), normalized difference red edge (NDRE), simple ratio red-edge (SRRE), the simple ratio vegetation index (SRVI), and the Canopy Chlorophyll Content Index (CCCI). The best model for predicting CCI was obtained using the NDVIg (R2=0.8480; RMSE=6.1665 and RRMSE=0.0908). Meanwhile, SR turned out to be the best model for predicting PH (R2=0.8266; RMSE=15.6432 and RRMSE=0.0883), CA (R2=0.6886; RMSE= 0.8826 and RRMSE=0.1907), and FTN (R2=0.6850; RMSE=24.5574 and RRMSE=0.3503). The implication of these results for future activities includes establishing early monitoring and evaluation systems for lemon yield and production. This model was developed and tested in this specific location and under these environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":509941,"journal":{"name":"SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139186978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.69297
F. D. Kurniawati, S. Suntoro, P. Setyanto, V. Cahyani
The use of chemical fertilizer in rice fields contributes to increased global warming via enhanced emission of methane (CH4) into the atmosphere. Therefore, composting has been proposed to reduce methane emissions in the agricultural field. This study aimed to determine the CH4 emission and rice yield affected by compost from three different types of compost: herbal compost, eucalyptus compost, and manure compost. This randomized block design study was conducted from November 2019 to May 2020. There were 8 fertilizer treatments applied to the rice fields, namely: herbal compost 10 tons/ha. (O1), eucalyptus compost 10 tons/ha (O2), manure compost 10 tons/ha (O3), no compost no chemical fertilizer (as a control) (O4), herbal compost 5 tons/ha + chemical fertilizer/CF (C1), eucalyptus compost 5 tons/ha + CF (C2), manure compost 5 tons/ha + CF (C3), and only chemical fertilizer (C4), then all treatments replicated three times. For the chemical fertilizer (CF) the dose is 166 kg/ha urea + 166 kg/ha ZA + 330 kg/ha TSP. The result indicated that the compost manure 10 tons/ha (O3) and the combination compost manure 5 tons/ha + CF (C3) produced the highest rice yields (6.89 -6.94 tons/ha) but impacted the highest methane emissions (505.3 – 544.6 Kg.CH4 /ha/season). The important finding showed that among all the treatments, a combination of compost eucalyptus 5 tons/ha + CF (C2) and compost eucalyptus 10 tons/ha (O2) mitigated methane emission to the lowest level (296.6 -305.2 Kg.CH4/ha/season) and gave high rice yields (6.77-6.78 tons/ha) that were not significantly different from those of compost manure (O3 and C3). In addition, the combination of compost herbal 5 tons/ha and chemical fertilizer (C1) affected the lower methane emissions than manure compost and gave a high level of grain yield that was not significantly different from those of manure compost (O3 and C3) and eucalyptus compost (O2 and C2).
{"title":"Effects of soil amendment from herbal and eucalyptus industrial waste on methane emission and rice yield","authors":"F. D. Kurniawati, S. Suntoro, P. Setyanto, V. Cahyani","doi":"10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.69297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.69297","url":null,"abstract":"The use of chemical fertilizer in rice fields contributes to increased global warming via enhanced emission of methane (CH4) into the atmosphere. Therefore, composting has been proposed to reduce methane emissions in the agricultural field. This study aimed to determine the CH4 emission and rice yield affected by compost from three different types of compost: herbal compost, eucalyptus compost, and manure compost. This randomized block design study was conducted from November 2019 to May 2020. There were 8 fertilizer treatments applied to the rice fields, namely: herbal compost 10 tons/ha. (O1), eucalyptus compost 10 tons/ha (O2), manure compost 10 tons/ha (O3), no compost no chemical fertilizer (as a control) (O4), herbal compost 5 tons/ha + chemical fertilizer/CF (C1), eucalyptus compost 5 tons/ha + CF (C2), manure compost 5 tons/ha + CF (C3), and only chemical fertilizer (C4), then all treatments replicated three times. For the chemical fertilizer (CF) the dose is 166 kg/ha urea + 166 kg/ha ZA + 330 kg/ha TSP. The result indicated that the compost manure 10 tons/ha (O3) and the combination compost manure 5 tons/ha + CF (C3) produced the highest rice yields (6.89 -6.94 tons/ha) but impacted the highest methane emissions (505.3 – 544.6 Kg.CH4 /ha/season). The important finding showed that among all the treatments, a combination of compost eucalyptus 5 tons/ha + CF (C2) and compost eucalyptus 10 tons/ha (O2) mitigated methane emission to the lowest level (296.6 -305.2 Kg.CH4/ha/season) and gave high rice yields (6.77-6.78 tons/ha) that were not significantly different from those of compost manure (O3 and C3). In addition, the combination of compost herbal 5 tons/ha and chemical fertilizer (C1) affected the lower methane emissions than manure compost and gave a high level of grain yield that was not significantly different from those of manure compost (O3 and C3) and eucalyptus compost (O2 and C2).","PeriodicalId":509941,"journal":{"name":"SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology","volume":"874 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139204863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-27DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.70802
P. B. Timotiwu, Agustiansyah Agustiansyah, Dini Muslimah
Greater use of acid soil has expanded the area under cultivation for soybeans; however, acid soil is associated with heavy mineral toxicity, including Iron (Fe). This investigation looked at how well soybean seeds germinated in media containing heavy metal Fe and how the pH of the media affected the viability of soybean seeds. This research was conducted at the Seed and Plant Breeding Laboratory at the University of Lampung, Indonesia. The experimental design was a randomized block design. The first factor was seven soybean local varieties – Grobogan, Anjasmoro, Derap 1, Detap 1, Dena 1, Deja 1, and Dega 1 – and the second factor was heavy metal Fe solution pH of 6–7 and 4.5 and without heavy metal Fe (control). Seed viability in heavy metal Fe medium was assessed using radicle emergence, germination capacity or percentage, germination speed, number of normal seedlings, normal seedling hypocotyl length, main root length of regular seedlings, and normal shoot dry weight. This research found that heavy metal Fe affected soybeans’ seeds’ viability in pH 6–7 and 4.5. The observed data showed that all seeds’ viability variables in media with heavy metal Fe, both in pH 6–7 and in pH 4.5, differ from the control media. The seed viability in media heavy metal Fe pH 6–7 was not significantly different from the control media, but in pH 4.5, the difference is significant. Soybean varieties’ characteristics also influence how heavy metal Fe in different pH affects seed viability. Overall, Anjasmoro, Deja, Grobogan, and Dega were the types that consistently demonstrated resistance or adaptation to heavy metal Fe existence, while Dena, Derap, and Detap are susceptible to heavy metal Fe existence. Seed viability in Iron medium is not always related to seed physical performance; therefore, before planting soybean in acid soil, it is recommended to conduct a seed viability test.
{"title":"Effect of Iron (Fe) heavy metal content at different pH on the germination of seven soybean varieties in Indonesia","authors":"P. B. Timotiwu, Agustiansyah Agustiansyah, Dini Muslimah","doi":"10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.70802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.70802","url":null,"abstract":"Greater use of acid soil has expanded the area under cultivation for soybeans; however, acid soil is associated with heavy mineral toxicity, including Iron (Fe). This investigation looked at how well soybean seeds germinated in media containing heavy metal Fe and how the pH of the media affected the viability of soybean seeds. This research was conducted at the Seed and Plant Breeding Laboratory at the University of Lampung, Indonesia. The experimental design was a randomized block design. The first factor was seven soybean local varieties – Grobogan, Anjasmoro, Derap 1, Detap 1, Dena 1, Deja 1, and Dega 1 – and the second factor was heavy metal Fe solution pH of 6–7 and 4.5 and without heavy metal Fe (control). Seed viability in heavy metal Fe medium was assessed using radicle emergence, germination capacity or percentage, germination speed, number of normal seedlings, normal seedling hypocotyl length, main root length of regular seedlings, and normal shoot dry weight. This research found that heavy metal Fe affected soybeans’ seeds’ viability in pH 6–7 and 4.5. The observed data showed that all seeds’ viability variables in media with heavy metal Fe, both in pH 6–7 and in pH 4.5, differ from the control media. The seed viability in media heavy metal Fe pH 6–7 was not significantly different from the control media, but in pH 4.5, the difference is significant. Soybean varieties’ characteristics also influence how heavy metal Fe in different pH affects seed viability. Overall, Anjasmoro, Deja, Grobogan, and Dega were the types that consistently demonstrated resistance or adaptation to heavy metal Fe existence, while Dena, Derap, and Detap are susceptible to heavy metal Fe existence. Seed viability in Iron medium is not always related to seed physical performance; therefore, before planting soybean in acid soil, it is recommended to conduct a seed viability test.","PeriodicalId":509941,"journal":{"name":"SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology","volume":"198 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139229868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-21DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.67520
A. Sholihah, Agus Sugianto, Mahayu Woro Lestari
This study provides an innovation in making compost from rice straw (low quality) mixed with peanut residue (high quality) to improve the quality of rice straw compost. The purpose of this research was to discover the optimum composition of a mixture of peanut residue and straw for mineralization, absorption, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) and its effect on upland rice plants. The study was conducted in three stages. The first stage determined the quality of five compost mixtures: C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5. The second phase of testing for cumulative N minerals was performed after 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks of incubation. The third stage examined the impact of the compost mixture on the growth and yield of upland rice in comparison with two treatments, namely the control and NPK fertilizer. The results showed a similarity in the forms of mineralization, where the cumulative N mineral increased with the addition of peanut residue to the compost mixture. The use of a mixture of peanut residue and rice straw compost increased net mineralization by 37.27% (C5) to 59.48% (C1), N uptake by 49.19% (C5) to 62.95% (C3), and NUE by 15.04% (C4) to 51.48% (C3). A strong relationship was detected between the quality of the compost and the forms of N in the soil, particularly the nitrate content, total N minerals, and N microbial biomass, with correlation coefficients of 0.92, 0.88, and 0.94, respectively. A strong to very strong relationship was detected between N form and N uptake (r = 0.84), plant height (r = 0.79), number of tillers (r = 0.78), yield of rice plants (r = 0.93 (plant total dry weight), and r = 0.76 (grain weight). The optimum N uptake, NUE, and yield of upland rice were shown by C3 treatment of 405.28 mg pot-1, 42.21%, and 6.19 tons ha-1, respectively.
{"title":"Compost of peanuts residue and rice straw compost on soil Nitrogen forms and upland rice yield","authors":"A. Sholihah, Agus Sugianto, Mahayu Woro Lestari","doi":"10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.67520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.67520","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides an innovation in making compost from rice straw (low quality) mixed with peanut residue (high quality) to improve the quality of rice straw compost. The purpose of this research was to discover the optimum composition of a mixture of peanut residue and straw for mineralization, absorption, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) and its effect on upland rice plants. The study was conducted in three stages. The first stage determined the quality of five compost mixtures: C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5. The second phase of testing for cumulative N minerals was performed after 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks of incubation. The third stage examined the impact of the compost mixture on the growth and yield of upland rice in comparison with two treatments, namely the control and NPK fertilizer. The results showed a similarity in the forms of mineralization, where the cumulative N mineral increased with the addition of peanut residue to the compost mixture. The use of a mixture of peanut residue and rice straw compost increased net mineralization by 37.27% (C5) to 59.48% (C1), N uptake by 49.19% (C5) to 62.95% (C3), and NUE by 15.04% (C4) to 51.48% (C3). A strong relationship was detected between the quality of the compost and the forms of N in the soil, particularly the nitrate content, total N minerals, and N microbial biomass, with correlation coefficients of 0.92, 0.88, and 0.94, respectively. A strong to very strong relationship was detected between N form and N uptake (r = 0.84), plant height (r = 0.79), number of tillers (r = 0.78), yield of rice plants (r = 0.93 (plant total dry weight), and r = 0.76 (grain weight). The optimum N uptake, NUE, and yield of upland rice were shown by C3 treatment of 405.28 mg pot-1, 42.21%, and 6.19 tons ha-1, respectively.","PeriodicalId":509941,"journal":{"name":"SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139253656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-21DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.70746
Muhammad Yussaq Noor, Arief Hartono, Budi Nugroho
Phosphorus (P) is a macro-essential element extensively used in agricultural production. Andisols, commonly found in Indonesia, serve as agricultural areas with high, excessive, and continuous organic matter input. However, the propensity of the soil for P leaching poses a potential risk of water pollution and eutrophication in the watershed area. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the application rate of organic matter, specifically chicken manure, often employed in agricultural activities related to Andisols. The experiment involved observing P sorption, P desorption, P sorption kinetics, and P uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum) in soil incubated with chicken manure added at various rates of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 t ha-1. The incubation stages were conducted for 14 days at room temperature (27°C) and soil moisture was maintained within field capacity. The data collected were analyzed using Langmuir isotherm for P sorption and desorption, and first-order kinetics for P sorption kinetics. The results showed that the chicken manure addition at 10-40 t ha-1 significantly reduced P bonding energy in Andisols, but failed to decrease the sorption maxima value due to accumulated P from previous applications performed. The application of 20 t ha-1 (CM20) of chicken manure was found to be the optimal rate, displaying high P uptake and reduced bonding energy, while rates above 20 t ha-1 showed no significant difference in P uptake and bonding energy levels. Therefore, CM20 was recommended to increase P availability and prevent P movement into water bodies, promoting sustainable agricultural practices.
磷（P）是农业生产中广泛使用的一种重要元素。印尼常见的安地斯（Andisols）土壤是有机质输入量高、过量且持续的农业区。然而，土壤对磷的沥滤倾向给流域地区的水污染和富营养化带来了潜在风险。本研究旨在评估有机物（特别是鸡粪）施用量的影响，鸡粪通常用于与安地斯土壤有关的农业活动。实验包括观察小麦（Triticum aestivum）在以 0、10、20、30 和 40 吨/公顷的不同比例添加鸡粪的培养土壤中的钾吸附、钾解吸、钾吸附动力学和钾吸收情况。培养阶段在室温（27°C）下进行，为期 14 天，土壤湿度保持在田间可承受范围内。收集到的数据采用 Langmuir 等温线分析 P 的吸附和解吸，采用一阶动力学分析 P 的吸附动力学。结果表明，添加 10-40 吨/公顷的鸡粪可显著降低安地斯土壤中的钾键能，但由于之前施用的累积钾，未能降低吸附最大值。20 吨/公顷（CM20）的鸡粪施用量被认为是最佳施用量，表现出较高的 P 吸收率和较低的结合能，而 20 吨/公顷以上的施用量在 P 吸收率和结合能水平上没有明显差异。因此，建议使用 CM20 来增加钾的可用性，防止钾进入水体，促进可持续农业实践。
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Pub Date : 2023-11-17DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.66681
Mohamad Agus Salim
Plant productivity is often constrained by abiotic stress in the form of high salt levels. However, a symbiosis between plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can reduce the severity of the effect of salt stress on cultivated plants. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of salt stress on the antioxidant substances and biochemical parameters of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) plants that had been inoculated with the fungus Glomus manihotis. A factorial completely randomized design with seven replicates was used with status of inoculation by the fungus G. manihotis (inoculated vs. not inoculated) as one of factors and the concentration of sodium chloride (NaCl) (0, 50, 100, and 200 mM) as the other status factor. Several parameters in the chia plants were measured including: root infection, phosphorus content, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase and catalase), and malondialdehyde content. The results showed that chia plants inoculated with G. manihotis (mycorrhizal plants), even under salt stress conditions, had higher phosphorus content than non-mycorrhizal plants. High salt levels reduced the percentage of root infection by the mycorrhizal fungus of G. manihotis. Under salt stress conditions, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of chia leaves were higher in mycorrhizal plants than in non-mycorrhizal plants. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase of mycorrhizal chia plants were higher than those of non-mycorrhizal plants, even though they were grown under conditions of high salt levels. The malondialdehyde content of chia plants increased with salt concentration, but decreased in chia plants inoculated with G. manihotis. The findings of this study indicate that G. manihotis inoculation is effective in reducing the effect of salt stress on chia plants.
植物的生产力常常受到高盐分等非生物胁迫的制约。然而，植物与丛枝菌根真菌之间的共生关系可以减轻盐胁迫对栽培植物的严重影响。本研究旨在确定盐胁迫对接种了 Glomus manihotis 真菌的奇异果（Salvia hispanica L.）植物的抗氧化物质和生化参数的影响。研究采用了一个有七个重复的因子完全随机设计，将接种马尼霍特氏真菌的状态（接种与未接种）作为一个因子，氯化钠（NaCl）的浓度（0、50、100 和 200 mM）作为另一个状态因子。测量了奇异果植物的几个参数，包括：根部感染、磷含量、叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量、抗氧化酶活性（超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶）以及丙二醛含量。结果表明，即使在盐胁迫条件下，接种了马尼霍特菌的奇亚植物（菌根植物）的磷含量也高于非菌根植物。高浓度的盐分降低了马尼浩特菌根真菌对根部的感染率。在盐胁迫条件下，菌根植物的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量高于非菌根植物。即使在高盐分条件下生长，菌根植物的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性也高于非菌根植物。随着盐浓度的增加，奇亚籽植物的丙二醛含量也在增加，但接种了马尼霍特菌的奇亚籽植物丙二醛含量却在减少。这项研究结果表明，接种马尼霍特氏菌能有效减轻盐胁迫对奇亚籽植物的影响。
{"title":"Effect of Glomus manihotis inoculation and salt stress on antioxidant and biochemical properties of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.)","authors":"Mohamad Agus Salim","doi":"10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.66681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v20i2.66681","url":null,"abstract":"Plant productivity is often constrained by abiotic stress in the form of high salt levels. However, a symbiosis between plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can reduce the severity of the effect of salt stress on cultivated plants. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of salt stress on the antioxidant substances and biochemical parameters of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) plants that had been inoculated with the fungus Glomus manihotis. A factorial completely randomized design with seven replicates was used with status of inoculation by the fungus G. manihotis (inoculated vs. not inoculated) as one of factors and the concentration of sodium chloride (NaCl) (0, 50, 100, and 200 mM) as the other status factor. Several parameters in the chia plants were measured including: root infection, phosphorus content, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase and catalase), and malondialdehyde content. The results showed that chia plants inoculated with G. manihotis (mycorrhizal plants), even under salt stress conditions, had higher phosphorus content than non-mycorrhizal plants. High salt levels reduced the percentage of root infection by the mycorrhizal fungus of G. manihotis. Under salt stress conditions, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of chia leaves were higher in mycorrhizal plants than in non-mycorrhizal plants. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase of mycorrhizal chia plants were higher than those of non-mycorrhizal plants, even though they were grown under conditions of high salt levels. The malondialdehyde content of chia plants increased with salt concentration, but decreased in chia plants inoculated with G. manihotis. The findings of this study indicate that G. manihotis inoculation is effective in reducing the effect of salt stress on chia plants.","PeriodicalId":509941,"journal":{"name":"SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139263066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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