The deep drawing forming process, classified under sheet metal working, is a promising and essential metal forming process that has attracted much interest due to its wide application in micro-production. The process parameters, such as the cross-head speed of the machine, have a significant influence on the quality of the product. The impact of two essential parameters was investigated to minimize or eliminate the product's production defects, such as thinning, tearing, and scratching. The first one was the impact of using two types of lubricating oil (grease and wax), and the products were compared with the dry condition (without using a lubricating oil). The second is the impact of changing the cross-head speed of the machine from 5 to 15 mm/min. This work aims to determine the optimum operating condition that prevents any defect in the product. The results showed that using lubricating oil resulted in better product shape, and the wax is better than grease in eliminating product defects. In addition, the results showed that the lower machine speed is preferred for eliminating production defects, where the final product has no obvious thinning, tearing, or scratching. The final product shape was evaluated visually because eye observation is the only way to judge the product shape.
{"title":"LUBRICATING MATERIALS AS A NOVEL APPROACH TO REDUCE DEFECTS OF MICRO-DEEP DRAWING FORMING PROCESS","authors":"Hayder A. Alalwan","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-47592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-47592","url":null,"abstract":"The deep drawing forming process, classified under sheet metal working, is a promising and essential metal forming process that has attracted much interest due to its wide application in micro-production. The process parameters, such as the cross-head speed of the machine, have a significant influence on the quality of the product. The impact of two essential parameters was investigated to minimize or eliminate the product's production defects, such as thinning, tearing, and scratching. The first one was the impact of using two types of lubricating oil (grease and wax), and the products were compared with the dry condition (without using a lubricating oil). The second is the impact of changing the cross-head speed of the machine from 5 to 15 mm/min. This work aims to determine the optimum operating condition that prevents any defect in the product. The results showed that using lubricating oil resulted in better product shape, and the wax is better than grease in eliminating product defects. In addition, the results showed that the lower machine speed is preferred for eliminating production defects, where the final product has no obvious thinning, tearing, or scratching. The final product shape was evaluated visually because eye observation is the only way to judge the product shape.","PeriodicalId":510187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":"39 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141270068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Highway third-level faults can significantly deteriorate the reliability and performance of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) powertrains. This study presents a novel process monitoring method aimed at addressing this issue. We propose a multivariate statistical method based on dynamic nonlinear improvement, namely dynamic neural component analysis (DNCA). This method does not require the establishment of precise analytical models; instead, it only necessitates acquiring data from HEV powertrains. Through numerical simulation and real HEV experiments, we demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in monitoring highway third-level faults. The testing outcomes demonstrate that DNCA outperforms traditional dynamic methods like dynamic principal component analysis (DPCA), conventional nonlinear methods such as kernel PCA (KPCA) and NCA, as well as traditional dynamic nonlinear methods like DKPCA.
{"title":"PROCESS MONITORING IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES BASED ON DYNAMIC NONLINEAR METHOD","authors":"Yonghui Wang, Syamsunur Deprizon, Chun Kit Ang, Cong Peng, Zhiming Zhang","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-50225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-50225","url":null,"abstract":"Highway third-level faults can significantly deteriorate the reliability and performance of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) powertrains. This study presents a novel process monitoring method aimed at addressing this issue. We propose a multivariate statistical method based on dynamic nonlinear improvement, namely dynamic neural component analysis (DNCA). This method does not require the establishment of precise analytical models; instead, it only necessitates acquiring data from HEV powertrains. Through numerical simulation and real HEV experiments, we demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in monitoring highway third-level faults. The testing outcomes demonstrate that DNCA outperforms traditional dynamic methods like dynamic principal component analysis (DPCA), conventional nonlinear methods such as kernel PCA (KPCA) and NCA, as well as traditional dynamic nonlinear methods like DKPCA.","PeriodicalId":510187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":"108 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141272376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Overhead cranes are widely used in industrial systems. In this study, the research object is the main box girder of the overhead crane. The research objective is to find the parameters to obtain a lighter structure, which reduces the market price of the crane. The article studies the method of calculating crane girders and sets up the optimization algorithm. The study will use the Taguchi method, and ANOVA analysis to evaluate the influence of box girder parameters. The girder weight, stress, local stability, static displacement, and vibration frequency are response values. Constraint conditions are evaluated by examining each factor with response value according to the orthogonal matrix L16. Analysis of the Signal to Noise ratio and ANOVA by Minitab software will select the optimal parameters that satisfy the constraints, the goal is to reduce the volume compared to the original design. The test results of the crane with a lifting capacity of 250 tons, an aperture of 31 m, the girder weight reduced by 24.33 %, while the stress increased by only 6.16 %. The new design ensures suitable local stability conditions by making better use of the material's capabilities. With the new parameters, the technical criteria are guaranteed.
{"title":"REASONABLE DESIGN METHOD OF BOX CRANE GIRDER BY TAGUCHI METHOD","authors":"Dương Trường Giang","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-45536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-45536","url":null,"abstract":"Overhead cranes are widely used in industrial systems. In this study, the research object is the main box girder of the overhead crane. The research objective is to find the parameters to obtain a lighter structure, which reduces the market price of the crane. The article studies the method of calculating crane girders and sets up the optimization algorithm. The study will use the Taguchi method, and ANOVA analysis to evaluate the influence of box girder parameters. The girder weight, stress, local stability, static displacement, and vibration frequency are response values. Constraint conditions are evaluated by examining each factor with response value according to the orthogonal matrix L16. Analysis of the Signal to Noise ratio and ANOVA by Minitab software will select the optimal parameters that satisfy the constraints, the goal is to reduce the volume compared to the original design. The test results of the crane with a lifting capacity of 250 tons, an aperture of 31 m, the girder weight reduced by 24.33 %, while the stress increased by only 6.16 %. The new design ensures suitable local stability conditions by making better use of the material's capabilities. With the new parameters, the technical criteria are guaranteed.","PeriodicalId":510187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":"2019 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140415832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luisa Fernanda Mónico Muñoz, Richard Giovanni Avella, Francisco Javier Gonzalez Cruz
The Aircraft use jet engines, which have been op-timized over the years to be more efficient, silent, generate higher performance and emit lower levels of polluting emissions. However, there is still a high dependence on fossil fuels, for which high-lights the need to strengthen the study of alterna-tive fuels such as hydrogen and biofuels. To investigate the benefits of some biofuels, the different performances and emissions of biodiesel were theoretically studied in one of the most widely used engines in Colombia, the PT6-A. The results indicate that the use of this biofuel reduces NOX levels and maintains engine performance at ac-ceptable levels. Analytical studies also indicate that the behavior of NOX levels is approximately quadratic in the studied interval and CO2 produc-tion is directly proportional to the percentage of biofuel in the blends.
{"title":"PERFORMANCE AND LEVELS ANALYSIS OF POLLUTANT EMISSIONS WHEN USING BIOFUELS IN THE PT6 ENGINE","authors":"Luisa Fernanda Mónico Muñoz, Richard Giovanni Avella, Francisco Javier Gonzalez Cruz","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-40625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-40625","url":null,"abstract":"The Aircraft use jet engines, which have been op-timized over the years to be more efficient, silent, generate higher performance and emit lower levels of polluting emissions. However, there is still a high dependence on fossil fuels, for which high-lights the need to strengthen the study of alterna-tive fuels such as hydrogen and biofuels. To investigate the benefits of some biofuels, the different performances and emissions of biodiesel were theoretically studied in one of the most widely used engines in Colombia, the PT6-A. The results indicate that the use of this biofuel reduces NOX levels and maintains engine performance at ac-ceptable levels. Analytical studies also indicate that the behavior of NOX levels is approximately quadratic in the studied interval and CO2 produc-tion is directly proportional to the percentage of biofuel in the blends.","PeriodicalId":510187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140414031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hijriawan, Z. Arifin, D. Tjahjana, Ilham Kuncoro
The harnessing of clean energy from solar and wind constitutes the foremost renewable energy source in Indonesia. The amalgamation of these energy modalities holds the promise of heightened energy efficiency coupled with reduced maintenance expenditures. This investigation endeavors to synergize wind turbines with photovoltaic (PV) solar panels in a hybrid configuration, capitalizing on the turbulent effluent from the wind turbine system as a cooling medium for the solar PV panels. Further studies are needed regarding the Solar PV-Wind Turbine hybrid cooling system, as a system needs to be designed to optimize the direction of airflow from the turbine as a cooling medium for the solar PV panels without compromising the turbine's performance. Experimental-scale modeling is implemented in this study, introducing a flat winglet deflector configuration to refine and optimize the airflow dynamics traversing the turbine, directed towards enhancing the performance of the integrated solar PV-Wind Turbine hybrid system. The results showed that the installation of solar PV panels and the addition of a flat winglet deflector configuration could improve the performance of the turbine. The highest Cp and Ct values obtained were 0.18476 and 0.66404 with an increased value of 21.74% and 20.56% respectively. Using the Taguchi method, the most optimal configuration for Cp is obtained for installing a PV solar panel with a height of 10cm with AoA for installing a flat winglet deflector of 5°. In the ANOVA analysis conducted, it is known that AoA has an effect of up to 71.57%, while the panel height has an effect of 24.69% with an error percentage of 3.73%.
{"title":"PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF FLAT WINGLET DEFLECTOR ON HYBRID SOLAR PV-WIND TURBINE SYSTEM: CASE STUDY ON TWISTED SAVONIUS TURBINE","authors":"M. Hijriawan, Z. Arifin, D. Tjahjana, Ilham Kuncoro","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-44759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-44759","url":null,"abstract":"The harnessing of clean energy from solar and wind constitutes the foremost renewable energy source in Indonesia. The amalgamation of these energy modalities holds the promise of heightened energy efficiency coupled with reduced maintenance expenditures. This investigation endeavors to synergize wind turbines with photovoltaic (PV) solar panels in a hybrid configuration, capitalizing on the turbulent effluent from the wind turbine system as a cooling medium for the solar PV panels. Further studies are needed regarding the Solar PV-Wind Turbine hybrid cooling system, as a system needs to be designed to optimize the direction of airflow from the turbine as a cooling medium for the solar PV panels without compromising the turbine's performance. Experimental-scale modeling is implemented in this study, introducing a flat winglet deflector configuration to refine and optimize the airflow dynamics traversing the turbine, directed towards enhancing the performance of the integrated solar PV-Wind Turbine hybrid system. The results showed that the installation of solar PV panels and the addition of a flat winglet deflector configuration could improve the performance of the turbine. The highest Cp and Ct values obtained were 0.18476 and 0.66404 with an increased value of 21.74% and 20.56% respectively. Using the Taguchi method, the most optimal configuration for Cp is obtained for installing a PV solar panel with a height of 10cm with AoA for installing a flat winglet deflector of 5°. In the ANOVA analysis conducted, it is known that AoA has an effect of up to 71.57%, while the panel height has an effect of 24.69% with an error percentage of 3.73%.","PeriodicalId":510187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":"181 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140417968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juliastuti Juliastuti, Sofia Alisjahbana, Y. Wijayanti, Dadang Mohamad Ma'soem, O. Setyandito
Potential risks to people exist if a dam collapses and has a significant impact on the downstream area. Many countries are now facing the problem of having to deal with deteriorated infrastructure due to a lack of maintenance budgeting. This paper presents the dominant parameter in an Operational and Maintenance (OM) dam to build a cost estimation model to maintain the service life of the dam. The method used to identify cost-triggering parameters is based on activity-based costing and dam performance assessments using a combination of the modified Andersen, International Commission of Large Dams (ICOLD), and Dam Commission. The parameter was collected from fourteen independent variables, namely: dam height, irrigation area, sedimentation volume, grass area, wood vegetation area, corrosion area, concrete area, daily worker, corrosion expert, concrete deterioration, hydromechanical, physical performance, operation performance, and safety performance. The results of the model indicate that height, wood vegetation area, concrete maintenance area, hydromechanical deterioration, and safety performance are variables that affect OM costs. The OM costs can be reduced if the safety performance variable increases. This condition implies that if the safety performance component consists of dam monitoring activities, periodic inspections, green belt maintenance, water quality maintenance, and public awareness, the OM costs will decrease by 10%.
如果大坝坍塌并对下游地区造成重大影响，人们就会面临潜在的风险。目前，许多国家都面临着由于缺乏维护预算而不得不处理日益恶化的基础设施的问题。本文介绍了运行与维护（OM）大坝中的主导参数，以建立一个成本估算模型来维持大坝的使用寿命。确定成本触发参数的方法基于基于活动的成本计算和大坝性能评估，并结合使用了修改后的安徒生、国际大坝委员会（ICOLD）和大坝委员会。参数从十四个自变量中收集，即：坝高、灌溉面积、沉降量、草地面积、林木植被面积、腐蚀面积、混凝土面积、日工、腐蚀专家、混凝土劣化、水力学、物理性能、运行性能和安全性能。模型结果表明，高度、林木植被面积、混凝土养护面积、水力机械恶化和安全性能是影响 OM 成本的变量。如果安全性能变量增加，则可以降低运营管理成本。这意味着，如果安全性能部分包括大坝监测活动、定期检查、绿化带维护、水质维护和公众宣传，则运行管理成本将降低 10%。
{"title":"THE SELECTION PARAMETER FOR THE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE DAM BASED ON ACTIVITY-BASED COSTING","authors":"Juliastuti Juliastuti, Sofia Alisjahbana, Y. Wijayanti, Dadang Mohamad Ma'soem, O. Setyandito","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-43947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-43947","url":null,"abstract":"Potential risks to people exist if a dam collapses and has a significant impact on the downstream area. Many countries are now facing the problem of having to deal with deteriorated infrastructure due to a lack of maintenance budgeting. This paper presents the dominant parameter in an Operational and Maintenance (OM) dam to build a cost estimation model to maintain the service life of the dam. The method used to identify cost-triggering parameters is based on activity-based costing and dam performance assessments using a combination of the modified Andersen, International Commission of Large Dams (ICOLD), and Dam Commission. The parameter was collected from fourteen independent variables, namely: dam height, irrigation area, sedimentation volume, grass area, wood vegetation area, corrosion area, concrete area, daily worker, corrosion expert, concrete deterioration, hydromechanical, physical performance, operation performance, and safety performance. The results of the model indicate that height, wood vegetation area, concrete maintenance area, hydromechanical deterioration, and safety performance are variables that affect OM costs. The OM costs can be reduced if the safety performance variable increases. This condition implies that if the safety performance component consists of dam monitoring activities, periodic inspections, green belt maintenance, water quality maintenance, and public awareness, the OM costs will decrease by 10%.","PeriodicalId":510187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140425617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Nurkimbayev, Ivan Shumeiko, Assylbek Kassenov, Galya Itybaeva
The design of the wind wheel and storm protection will help greatly improve the performance and safety of the wind-powered water-lifting unit. This, in turn, will contribute to improving the quality of life of rural residents. The authors of this study developed the design of a wind-powered water-lifting unit. The research aims to develop a wind-powered water-lifting unit with a capacity of up to 2.5 m3/hour, resistant to hurricane gusts of wind, with automatic control of wind wheel speed. The mathematical expressions used consider the force of the airflow and the screen area of the side blade, which takes the plane of the wind wheel out of the wind when it increases to values above the permissible operating wind speed. Numerical methods were used to calculate the forces on the spring returning the wind wheel plane to the initial position at different wind speeds. The dependences of the effect of airflow velocity on the free rotation of the wind wheel, i.e., without its running out of the wind, have been determined.
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF ORIENTATION PARAMETERS AND AUTOMATIC WIND WHEEL SPEED CONTROL","authors":"S. Nurkimbayev, Ivan Shumeiko, Assylbek Kassenov, Galya Itybaeva","doi":"10.5937/jaes0-46740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-46740","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The design of the wind wheel and storm protection will help greatly improve the performance and safety of the wind-powered water-lifting unit. This, in turn, will contribute to improving the quality of life of rural residents. The authors of this study developed the design of a wind-powered water-lifting unit. The research aims to develop a wind-powered water-lifting unit with a capacity of up to 2.5 m3/hour, resistant to hurricane gusts of wind, with automatic control of wind wheel speed. The mathematical expressions used consider the force of the airflow and the screen area of the side blade, which takes the plane of the wind wheel out of the wind when it increases to values above the permissible operating wind speed. Numerical methods were used to calculate the forces on the spring returning the wind wheel plane to the initial position at different wind speeds. The dependences of the effect of airflow velocity on the free rotation of the wind wheel, i.e., without its running out of the wind, have been determined.","PeriodicalId":510187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Engineering Science","volume":"49 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140427773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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