2024 has started with a bang or perhaps more accurately floods, snow and ice. The world remains an uncertain place with the conflict in Ukraine and Gaza as well as tension around the Korean peninsula, Sea of Japan and Taiwan. Economically 2023 was a very hard year with inflation exceeding wage increases making it hard for animal carers, with food banks in the UK seeing an increasing demand for pet food. Thankfully inflation is falling and the economic outlook, although not rosy, is perhaps not as gloomy as originally forecast. The big stories in publishing for 2023 were the explosion of large language models (LLM) like ChatGPT and their impact on publishing (we now have a policy on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in papers submitted to Veterinary Evidence) and the burgeoning challenge of paper mills (organisations that produce and sell authorship of fabricated or manipulated manuscripts which resemble genuine legitimate research) that has led to some journals losing their citation. Veterinary Evidence continues to grow and flourish with increased visits to our website and a regular stream of articles being published. Good governance and ethical publication remain a key focus of the Board that has been strengthened by a number of new members, bringing a broader range of expertise and experience. Our Student Awards continue to be a success and I would like to thank the whole team of staff and reviewers for turning round these submissions so quickly. I had the pleasure of talking to the prize-winning authors and it was great to hear their enthusiasm, but also how much they have valued the help and support from the journal. Our new submission system, Editorial Manager, has been installed and is working well providing better insight into how the publishing process is working for us. It has been a learning experience for all and like any new system there are a few areas where we can further improve the author and reviewer experience. Thanks to the hard work of staff, reviewers and Associate Editors, there are now no papers left in the old OJS system. The journal has strived to make the reviewing process as straightforward as possible with a prereview checklist to ensure papers are ready for review. A mentoring system is up and running for new reviewers open to all who may be interested in contributing to the publication of veterinary literature. Veterinary Evidence has been working hard on our next review date policy and processes so some of our early Knowledge Summaries can be updated as new literature becomes available. We are also preparing to make an application for citation in PubMed Central to increase the visibility of Veterinary Evidence’s content. None of this would be possible without the input from our volunteers and I would like to take this opportunity to say a huge thank you to all our reviewers, Associate Editors and everyone who has served on the Board this year for their tireless efforts on behalf of Veterinary Evidence without
{"title":"Thank you to our reviewers 2023","authors":"Kit Sturgess","doi":"10.18849/ve.v9i1.685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18849/ve.v9i1.685","url":null,"abstract":"2024 has started with a bang or perhaps more accurately floods, snow and ice. The world remains an uncertain place with the conflict in Ukraine and Gaza as well as tension around the Korean peninsula, Sea of Japan and Taiwan. Economically 2023 was a very hard year with inflation exceeding wage increases making it hard for animal carers, with food banks in the UK seeing an increasing demand for pet food. Thankfully inflation is falling and the economic outlook, although not rosy, is perhaps not as gloomy as originally forecast. The big stories in publishing for 2023 were the explosion of large language models (LLM) like ChatGPT and their impact on publishing (we now have a policy on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in papers submitted to Veterinary Evidence) and the burgeoning challenge of paper mills (organisations that produce and sell authorship of fabricated or manipulated manuscripts which resemble genuine legitimate research) that has led to some journals losing their citation.\u0000Veterinary Evidence continues to grow and flourish with increased visits to our website and a regular stream of articles being published. Good governance and ethical publication remain a key focus of the Board that has been strengthened by a number of new members, bringing a broader range of expertise and experience. Our Student Awards continue to be a success and I would like to thank the whole team of staff and reviewers for turning round these submissions so quickly. I had the pleasure of talking to the prize-winning authors and it was great to hear their enthusiasm, but also how much they have valued the help and support from the journal.\u0000Our new submission system, Editorial Manager, has been installed and is working well providing better insight into how the publishing process is working for us. It has been a learning experience for all and like any new system there are a few areas where we can further improve the author and reviewer experience. Thanks to the hard work of staff, reviewers and Associate Editors, there are now no papers left in the old OJS system. The journal has strived to make the reviewing process as straightforward as possible with a prereview checklist to ensure papers are ready for review. A mentoring system is up and running for new reviewers open to all who may be interested in contributing to the publication of veterinary literature. Veterinary Evidence has been working hard on our next review date policy and processes so some of our early Knowledge Summaries can be updated as new literature becomes available. We are also preparing to make an application for citation in PubMed Central to increase the visibility of Veterinary Evidence’s content.\u0000None of this would be possible without the input from our volunteers and I would like to take this opportunity to say a huge thank you to all our reviewers, Associate Editors and everyone who has served on the Board this year for their tireless efforts on behalf of Veterinary Evidence without","PeriodicalId":510726,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Evidence","volume":"133 49","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140369516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PICO Question In dogs with tetanus, does administering the equine tetanus antitoxin compared to not administering the antitoxin reduce mortality rates? Clinical bottom line Category of research Treatment. Number and type of study designs reviewed Three studies were reviewed for this Knowledge Summary, all of which were retrospective case-control studies. Strength of evidence Weak. Outcomes reported There was no difference in survival to discharge between dogs treated and dogs not treated with equine tetanus antitoxin. Conclusion The current literature suggests that administering the equine tetanus antitoxin to dogs affected by tetanus had no positive or negative effect on mortality rates, though the level of evidence amongst the literature is weak. How to apply this evidence in practice The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources. Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
{"title":"Evaluating the effect of equine tetanus antitoxin on mortality rates of dogs affected by tetanus","authors":"Berry Wong","doi":"10.18849/ve.v9i1.676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18849/ve.v9i1.676","url":null,"abstract":"PICO Question\u0000In dogs with tetanus, does administering the equine tetanus antitoxin compared to not administering the antitoxin reduce mortality rates?\u0000 \u0000Clinical bottom line\u0000Category of research\u0000Treatment.\u0000Number and type of study designs reviewed\u0000Three studies were reviewed for this Knowledge Summary, all of which were retrospective case-control studies.\u0000Strength of evidence \u0000Weak.\u0000Outcomes reported\u0000There was no difference in survival to discharge between dogs treated and dogs not treated with equine tetanus antitoxin.\u0000Conclusion\u0000The current literature suggests that administering the equine tetanus antitoxin to dogs affected by tetanus had no positive or negative effect on mortality rates, though the level of evidence amongst the literature is weak.\u0000 \u0000How to apply this evidence in practice\u0000The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.\u0000Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.","PeriodicalId":510726,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Evidence","volume":"22 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140226941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olivia Williamson, Valery Varela, Christopher Minami, Juliana Tom, Elizabeth Powell, Jeffrey W. Norris
PICO Question In dogs with chronic pain, is acupuncture alone, compared to a placebo, more efficacious in alleviating pain and pain-related dysfunction? Clinical bottom line Category of research Treatment. Number and type of study designs reviewed Three controlled studies were critically appraised. Strength of evidence Moderate. Outcomes reported Administration of either fluoxetine or clomipramine to adult dogs reduces symptoms of fear and anxiety. Conclusion Both fluoxetine and clomipramine are effective in reducing acral lick dermatitis and tail chasing behaviours, but there is no evidence that one drug is more effective than the other. How to apply this evidence in practice The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources. Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
{"title":"Comparing the effectiveness of clomipramine and fluoxetine in dogs with anxiety-related behaviours","authors":"Olivia Williamson, Valery Varela, Christopher Minami, Juliana Tom, Elizabeth Powell, Jeffrey W. Norris","doi":"10.18849/ve.v9i1.679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18849/ve.v9i1.679","url":null,"abstract":"PICO Question\u0000In dogs with chronic pain, is acupuncture alone, compared to a placebo, more efficacious in alleviating pain and pain-related dysfunction?\u0000 \u0000Clinical bottom line\u0000Category of research\u0000Treatment.\u0000Number and type of study designs reviewed\u0000Three controlled studies were critically appraised.\u0000Strength of evidence \u0000Moderate.\u0000Outcomes reported\u0000Administration of either fluoxetine or clomipramine to adult dogs reduces symptoms of fear and anxiety.\u0000Conclusion\u0000Both fluoxetine and clomipramine are effective in reducing acral lick dermatitis and tail chasing behaviours, but there is no evidence that one drug is more effective than the other.\u0000 \u0000How to apply this evidence in practice\u0000The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.\u0000Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.","PeriodicalId":510726,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Evidence","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PICO Question In dogs with chronic pain, is acupuncture alone, compared to a placebo, more efficacious in alleviating pain and pain-related dysfunction? Clinical bottom line Category of research Treatment. Number and type of study designs reviewed Four randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trials were critically appraised. Strength of evidence Weak. Outcomes reported A single study evaluating the efficacy of gold bead implantation, a form of permanent acupuncture, on pain associated with canine hip dysplasia (CHD) endorsed acupuncture’s superior pain alleviation and locomotion improvement through owner and veterinarian subjective outcome evaluation. Three studies concluded that, overall, acupuncture was not efficacious regarding pain reduction or dysfunction improvement compared with placebo treatment. Conclusion Based on the limited current evidence, acupuncture could have analgesic effects as perceived by owners, but acupuncture, as a sole analgesic, is unlikely to be effective in alleviating pain and pain-related dysfunction in canine chronic pain associated with musculoskeletal causes. Evidence is lacking on chronic pain due to neurological and oncological causes. Further studies need to focus on researching various acupuncture modalities’ effects on chronic pain with musculoskeletal, neuropathic and oncological causes when utilised as a component of multimodal therapy. Currently, for canine patients with chronic pain, there is insufficient evidence for a veterinarian to recommend that a client utilise acupuncture as the sole method for pain management. How to apply this evidence in practice The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources. Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
{"title":"Assessing the efficacy of acupuncture as the sole analgesic for canine chronic pain","authors":"Jianjian Gong, Mary F Thompson","doi":"10.18849/ve.v9i1.681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18849/ve.v9i1.681","url":null,"abstract":"PICO Question\u0000In dogs with chronic pain, is acupuncture alone, compared to a placebo, more efficacious in alleviating pain and pain-related dysfunction?\u0000 \u0000Clinical bottom line\u0000Category of research\u0000Treatment.\u0000Number and type of study designs reviewed\u0000Four randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trials were critically appraised.\u0000Strength of evidence \u0000Weak.\u0000Outcomes reported\u0000A single study evaluating the efficacy of gold bead implantation, a form of permanent acupuncture, on pain associated with canine hip dysplasia (CHD) endorsed acupuncture’s superior pain alleviation and locomotion improvement through owner and veterinarian subjective outcome evaluation.\u0000Three studies concluded that, overall, acupuncture was not efficacious regarding pain reduction or dysfunction improvement compared with placebo treatment.\u0000Conclusion\u0000Based on the limited current evidence, acupuncture could have analgesic effects as perceived by owners, but acupuncture, as a sole analgesic, is unlikely to be effective in alleviating pain and pain-related dysfunction in canine chronic pain associated with musculoskeletal causes. Evidence is lacking on chronic pain due to neurological and oncological causes. Further studies need to focus on researching various acupuncture modalities’ effects on chronic pain with musculoskeletal, neuropathic and oncological causes when utilised as a component of multimodal therapy. Currently, for canine patients with chronic pain, there is insufficient evidence for a veterinarian to recommend that a client utilise acupuncture as the sole method for pain management.\u0000 \u0000How to apply this evidence in practice\u0000The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.\u0000Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.","PeriodicalId":510726,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Evidence","volume":"71 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140261412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PICO Question In skeletally immature dogs with simple non-displaced diaphyseal tibial and fibular fractures does internal fixation compared with external fixation result in less postoperative complications and improved fracture healing? Clinical bottom line Category of research Treatment. Number and type of study designs reviewed There were no publications that answered the PICO question. Strength of evidence None. Outcomes reported Both external skeletal fixation and internal fixation are reported as techniques for diaphyseal tibial and fibular fracture management in companion animals, though no study has been reported to compare these techniques directly, or to report fracture healing and postoperative complications in skeletally immature dogs with non-displaced diaphyseal tibial fractures. Conclusion Given the absence of evidence answering the PICO, choice and recommendation on treatment for non-displaced diaphyseal tibial and fibular fractures in skeletally immature dogs should be decided on personal experience and stabilisation methods available to the veterinarian such as external fixation or internal fixation. Both surgical techniques have been reported in skeletally mature and immature dogs with diaphyseal tibial fractures, but not specifically in skeletally immature patients with non-displaced diaphyseal tibial and fibular fractures. They are both applicable methods of fixation for tibial fractures in companion animals, though there is lacking evidence for which has more favourable outcomes for non-displaced diaphyseal tibial and fibular fractures in skeletally immature dogs as no studies have directly compared these stabilisation techniques. How to apply this evidence in practice The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources. Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
{"title":"Comparing internal versus external fixation for diaphyseal tibial and fibular fractures in skeletally immature dogs","authors":"J. Chitty, Paul Aldridge","doi":"10.18849/ve.v9i1.677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18849/ve.v9i1.677","url":null,"abstract":"PICO Question\u0000In skeletally immature dogs with simple non-displaced diaphyseal tibial and fibular fractures does internal fixation compared with external fixation result in less postoperative complications and improved fracture healing?\u0000 \u0000Clinical bottom line\u0000Category of research\u0000Treatment.\u0000Number and type of study designs reviewed\u0000There were no publications that answered the PICO question.\u0000Strength of evidence \u0000None.\u0000Outcomes reported\u0000Both external skeletal fixation and internal fixation are reported as techniques for diaphyseal tibial and fibular fracture management in companion animals, though no study has been reported to compare these techniques directly, or to report fracture healing and postoperative complications in skeletally immature dogs with non-displaced diaphyseal tibial fractures.\u0000Conclusion\u0000Given the absence of evidence answering the PICO, choice and recommendation on treatment for non-displaced diaphyseal tibial and fibular fractures in skeletally immature dogs should be decided on personal experience and stabilisation methods available to the veterinarian such as external fixation or internal fixation. Both surgical techniques have been reported in skeletally mature and immature dogs with diaphyseal tibial fractures, but not specifically in skeletally immature patients with non-displaced diaphyseal tibial and fibular fractures. They are both applicable methods of fixation for tibial fractures in companion animals, though there is lacking evidence for which has more favourable outcomes for non-displaced diaphyseal tibial and fibular fractures in skeletally immature dogs as no studies have directly compared these stabilisation techniques.\u0000 \u0000How to apply this evidence in practice\u0000The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.\u0000Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.","PeriodicalId":510726,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Evidence","volume":"57 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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