Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.18666/jorel-2024-12212
Jayson Seaman, Jake Martin, Cindy L. Hartman, Andrew D. Coppens
Employees in the outdoor recreation sector account for 3.2% of the U.S. workforce, contributing to over $1.1T in national economic output. As awareness of the sector’s economic strength has grown, interest in promoting outdoor recreation careers has expanded. Research on outdoor recreation careers has not kept pace with workforce development initiatives, however, and existing data and research reports provide only aggregate figures that neither reflect the new employment landscape nor track how careers are navigated by the people who occupy them. This article reports on an interview study of 15 established outdoor recreation professionals in executive or management positions to gain insights into career trajectories in outdoor recreation. Their narrative responses were assessed using the Psychology of Working Theory, a career counseling framework organized around the concept of decent work. Findings are presented along with points for outdoor recreation career advocates to consider in future research and workforce development initiatives.
户外娱乐行业的雇员占美国劳动力的 3.2%，为国家经济产出贡献了超过 11 亿美元。随着人们对该行业经济实力的认识不断提高，对促进户外休闲职业发展的兴趣也在不断扩大。然而，对户外休闲职业的研究并没有跟上劳动力发展计划的步伐，现有的数据和研究报告仅提供了一些综合数字，既不能反映新的就业形势，也不能跟踪从事这些职业的人是如何从事这些职业的。本文报告了对 15 名担任行政或管理职位的资深户外娱乐专业人士的访谈研究，以深入了解户外娱乐行业的职业发展轨迹。他们的叙述性回答采用了 "工作心理学理论"（Psychology of Working Theory）进行评估，这是一个围绕 "体面工作 "概念建立的职业咨询框架。本文介绍了研究结果以及户外休闲职业倡导者在未来研究和劳动力发展计划中需要考虑的要点。
{"title":"“The Hustle’s Real”: Exploring Outdoor Recreation Careers Using the Psychology of Working Theory","authors":"Jayson Seaman, Jake Martin, Cindy L. Hartman, Andrew D. Coppens","doi":"10.18666/jorel-2024-12212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jorel-2024-12212","url":null,"abstract":"Employees in the outdoor recreation sector account for 3.2% of the U.S. workforce, contributing to over $1.1T in national economic output. As awareness of the sector’s economic strength has grown, interest in promoting outdoor recreation careers has expanded. Research on outdoor recreation careers has not kept pace with workforce development initiatives, however, and existing data and research reports provide only aggregate figures that neither reflect the new employment landscape nor track how careers are navigated by the people who occupy them. This article reports on an interview study of 15 established outdoor recreation professionals in executive or management positions to gain insights into career trajectories in outdoor recreation. Their narrative responses were assessed using the Psychology of Working Theory, a career counseling framework organized around the concept of decent work. Findings are presented along with points for outdoor recreation career advocates to consider in future research and workforce development initiatives.","PeriodicalId":512968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership","volume":"383 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141028437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.18666/jorel-2024-12010
Michael J. Bradley, James N. Maples
The popular climbing destination of Lander, Wyoming receives nearly 37,000 climbing visits every year, with 78% of those visits coming from persons living outside of this area. Climbing tourism expenditures result in an estimated $4.5 million in visitor spending each year. Climber demographics indicate these visitors are well-educated with 98% choosing to stay overnight on their visits. The average visit also lasts nearly a week. Climbing tourism expenditures support $1.7 million in wages for local workers, highlighting an opportunity to increase regional tourism and its economic impact amid a rural, transitional economy.
{"title":"The Economic Impact of Climbing in the Lander Area of Wyoming","authors":"Michael J. Bradley, James N. Maples","doi":"10.18666/jorel-2024-12010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jorel-2024-12010","url":null,"abstract":"The popular climbing destination of Lander, Wyoming receives nearly 37,000 climbing visits every year, with 78% of those visits coming from persons living outside of this area. Climbing tourism expenditures result in an estimated $4.5 million in visitor spending each year. Climber demographics indicate these visitors are well-educated with 98% choosing to stay overnight on their visits. The average visit also lasts nearly a week. Climbing tourism expenditures support $1.7 million in wages for local workers, highlighting an opportunity to increase regional tourism and its economic impact amid a rural, transitional economy.","PeriodicalId":512968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141051370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.18666/jorel-2024-11778
Michael Riley, Jim Sibthorp, Shannon G. Rochelle
Research has articulated the benefits of autonomy in outdoor programming (e.g., Chang, 2017), and the independent student expedition (ISE) is one type of autonomous experience that has received attention across the literature. Research suggests that ISEs have the potential to foster personal growth and promote group development (e.g., Daniel et al., 2014). However, the majority of research conducted on these experiences focuses on the outcomes of participation, and much of it has been conducted with adolescents under 18 years of age. As such, less is known about the developmental affordances ISEs offer emerging adults. The purpose of this study is to re-examine unaccompanied ISE experiences utilized during outdoor adventure education programming to identify the meaningful learning occurring during this course component for emerging adult-aged participants and investigate the pedagogical mechanisms present during ISE that foster growth and development for these individuals and help them realize important developmental milestones.
研究阐明了户外活动中自主性的益处（例如，Chang，2017），而学生独立探险（ISE）是自主体验的一种类型，受到了各种文献的关注。研究表明，ISE 有可能促进个人成长和团体发展（如 Daniel 等人，2014 年）。然而，关于这些体验的研究大多集中在参与的结果上，而且大部分都是针对 18 岁以下的青少年进行的。因此，人们对 ISE 为新兴成人提供的发展能力知之甚少。本研究的目的是重新审视在户外探险教育计划中使用的无人陪伴 ISE 体验，以确定在这一课程内容中，新兴成人参与者进行了哪些有意义的学习，并调查 ISE 期间促进这些人成长和发展的教学机制，帮助他们实现重要的发展里程碑。
{"title":"The Developmental Value of Independent Student Expeditions in Outdoor Adventure Education for Emerging Adult-Aged Participants","authors":"Michael Riley, Jim Sibthorp, Shannon G. Rochelle","doi":"10.18666/jorel-2024-11778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jorel-2024-11778","url":null,"abstract":"Research has articulated the benefits of autonomy in outdoor programming (e.g., Chang, 2017), and the independent student expedition (ISE) is one type of autonomous experience that has received attention across the literature. Research suggests that ISEs have the potential to foster personal growth and promote group development (e.g., Daniel et al., 2014). However, the majority of research conducted on these experiences focuses on the outcomes of participation, and much of it has been conducted with adolescents under 18 years of age. As such, less is known about the developmental affordances ISEs offer emerging adults. The purpose of this study is to re-examine unaccompanied ISE experiences utilized during outdoor adventure education programming to identify the meaningful learning occurring during this course component for emerging adult-aged participants and investigate the pedagogical mechanisms present during ISE that foster growth and development for these individuals and help them realize important developmental milestones.","PeriodicalId":512968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership","volume":"680 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139835757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.18666/jorel-2024-12059
Nick Wilson, Eddie Hill, Edwin Gómez
Thru-hiking is seeing an unprecedented surge in popularity in recent years, with the numbers of prospective thru-hikers only expected to continue to increase. Amidst this thru-hiking boom, this study used the Means End of Recreation Scale to determine the values and outcomes that motivate thru-hikers to hike and drive their trail selection. Utilizing responses from 268 thru-hikers in an online survey across the United States’ long-distance National Scenic Trails, the study evaluated how “trail variables,” such as (a) direction traveled, (b) experience with previous thru-hikes, and (c) whether a trail is a “Triple Crown” trail impacted thru-hikers’ outcomes from a thru-hike. Non-Triple Crown trail thru-hikers were found to be largely affected by trail attributes, more so than their Triple Crown counterparts. Results reveal outcomes from a thru-hike remain relatively unaffected by many of the evaluated trail variables, suggesting a certain universality in outcomes from a thru-hike, which can inform land managers and trail organizations to better manage the trails and provide the desired experiences to thru-hikers.
近年来，徒步旅行正以前所未有的速度大受欢迎，预计未来的徒步旅行者人数还会继续增加。在这股徒步旅行热潮中，本研究使用了 "娱乐手段量表"（Means End of Recreation Scale）来确定激励徒步旅行者徒步旅行的价值和结果，以及他们选择徒步旅行路线的驱动力。这项研究利用 268 名徒步旅行者在美国长距离国家风景步道在线调查中的回答，评估了 "步道变量 "对徒步旅行者徒步旅行结果的影响，如（a）旅行方向、（b）以前的徒步旅行经验以及（c）步道是否为 "三冠王 "步道。研究发现，非 "三冠王 "徒步路线的徒步旅行者在很大程度上受徒步路线属性的影响，比 "三冠王 "徒步路线的徒步旅行者更大。研究结果表明，徒步旅行的结果相对来说不受许多被评估的路径变量的影响，这表明徒步旅行的结果具有一定的普遍性，土地管理者和路径组织可以据此更好地管理路径，为徒步旅行者提供理想的体验。
{"title":"Motivations and Outcomes on Long-Distance Trails: A Case Study of the Means-End of Recreation Scale and Thru-Hikers","authors":"Nick Wilson, Eddie Hill, Edwin Gómez","doi":"10.18666/jorel-2024-12059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jorel-2024-12059","url":null,"abstract":"Thru-hiking is seeing an unprecedented surge in popularity in recent years, with the numbers of prospective thru-hikers only expected to continue to increase. Amidst this thru-hiking boom, this study used the Means End of Recreation Scale to determine the values and outcomes that motivate thru-hikers to hike and drive their trail selection. Utilizing responses from 268 thru-hikers in an online survey across the United States’ long-distance National Scenic Trails, the study evaluated how “trail variables,” such as (a) direction traveled, (b) experience with previous thru-hikes, and (c) whether a trail is a “Triple Crown” trail impacted thru-hikers’ outcomes from a thru-hike. Non-Triple Crown trail thru-hikers were found to be largely affected by trail attributes, more so than their Triple Crown counterparts. Results reveal outcomes from a thru-hike remain relatively unaffected by many of the evaluated trail variables, suggesting a certain universality in outcomes from a thru-hike, which can inform land managers and trail organizations to better manage the trails and provide the desired experiences to thru-hikers.","PeriodicalId":512968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership","volume":"221 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139834989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.18666/jorel-2024-12193
Elizabeth Obray, Rhonda Nelson, Nathan Furman, Steven Bell
This exploratory study evaluated a program focused on building resiliency and self-efficacy in college students through a combination of rock climbing and recreational therapy interventions that included mindfulness, and reflective journaling activities. The study imbedded therapeutic programming in an introductory rock climbing course offered through a university over three consecutive days. Secondary aims were to determine the feasibility of offering therapeutic programming to college students within a recreation-based academic course and to evaluate the program’s value to students. Results indicate participants (N = 12) experienced a significant increase in resilience (p = .003) and self-efficacy (p = .01) post-program, and all participants either agreed (n = 4) or strongly agreed (n = 8) the program had value to them. Feasibility data using multiple measures indicate it is feasible to offer brief, therapeutic programming as part of a university rock climbing course.
{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of a Recreational Therapy and Rock Climbing Program on Resilience and Self-Efficacy in College Students","authors":"Elizabeth Obray, Rhonda Nelson, Nathan Furman, Steven Bell","doi":"10.18666/jorel-2024-12193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jorel-2024-12193","url":null,"abstract":"This exploratory study evaluated a program focused on building resiliency and self-efficacy in college students through a combination of rock climbing and recreational therapy interventions that included mindfulness, and reflective journaling activities. The study imbedded therapeutic programming in an introductory rock climbing course offered through a university over three consecutive days. Secondary aims were to determine the feasibility of offering therapeutic programming to college students within a recreation-based academic course and to evaluate the program’s value to students. Results indicate participants (N = 12) experienced a significant increase in resilience (p = .003) and self-efficacy (p = .01) post-program, and all participants either agreed (n = 4) or strongly agreed (n = 8) the program had value to them. Feasibility data using multiple measures indicate it is feasible to offer brief, therapeutic programming as part of a university rock climbing course.","PeriodicalId":512968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership","volume":"425 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139834256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.18666/jorel-2024-12193
Elizabeth Obray, Rhonda Nelson, Nathan Furman, Steven Bell
This exploratory study evaluated a program focused on building resiliency and self-efficacy in college students through a combination of rock climbing and recreational therapy interventions that included mindfulness, and reflective journaling activities. The study imbedded therapeutic programming in an introductory rock climbing course offered through a university over three consecutive days. Secondary aims were to determine the feasibility of offering therapeutic programming to college students within a recreation-based academic course and to evaluate the program’s value to students. Results indicate participants (N = 12) experienced a significant increase in resilience (p = .003) and self-efficacy (p = .01) post-program, and all participants either agreed (n = 4) or strongly agreed (n = 8) the program had value to them. Feasibility data using multiple measures indicate it is feasible to offer brief, therapeutic programming as part of a university rock climbing course.
{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of a Recreational Therapy and Rock Climbing Program on Resilience and Self-Efficacy in College Students","authors":"Elizabeth Obray, Rhonda Nelson, Nathan Furman, Steven Bell","doi":"10.18666/jorel-2024-12193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jorel-2024-12193","url":null,"abstract":"This exploratory study evaluated a program focused on building resiliency and self-efficacy in college students through a combination of rock climbing and recreational therapy interventions that included mindfulness, and reflective journaling activities. The study imbedded therapeutic programming in an introductory rock climbing course offered through a university over three consecutive days. Secondary aims were to determine the feasibility of offering therapeutic programming to college students within a recreation-based academic course and to evaluate the program’s value to students. Results indicate participants (N = 12) experienced a significant increase in resilience (p = .003) and self-efficacy (p = .01) post-program, and all participants either agreed (n = 4) or strongly agreed (n = 8) the program had value to them. Feasibility data using multiple measures indicate it is feasible to offer brief, therapeutic programming as part of a university rock climbing course.","PeriodicalId":512968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139774530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.18666/jorel-2024-11778
Michael Riley, Jim Sibthorp, Shannon G. Rochelle
Research has articulated the benefits of autonomy in outdoor programming (e.g., Chang, 2017), and the independent student expedition (ISE) is one type of autonomous experience that has received attention across the literature. Research suggests that ISEs have the potential to foster personal growth and promote group development (e.g., Daniel et al., 2014). However, the majority of research conducted on these experiences focuses on the outcomes of participation, and much of it has been conducted with adolescents under 18 years of age. As such, less is known about the developmental affordances ISEs offer emerging adults. The purpose of this study is to re-examine unaccompanied ISE experiences utilized during outdoor adventure education programming to identify the meaningful learning occurring during this course component for emerging adult-aged participants and investigate the pedagogical mechanisms present during ISE that foster growth and development for these individuals and help them realize important developmental milestones.
研究阐明了户外活动中自主性的益处（例如，Chang，2017），而学生独立探险（ISE）是自主体验的一种类型，受到了各种文献的关注。研究表明，ISE 有可能促进个人成长和团体发展（如 Daniel 等人，2014 年）。然而，关于这些体验的研究大多集中在参与的结果上，而且大部分都是针对 18 岁以下的青少年进行的。因此，人们对 ISE 为新兴成人提供的发展能力知之甚少。本研究的目的是重新审视在户外探险教育计划中使用的无人陪伴 ISE 体验，以确定在这一课程内容中，新兴成人参与者进行了哪些有意义的学习，并调查 ISE 期间促进这些人成长和发展的教学机制，帮助他们实现重要的发展里程碑。
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Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.18666/jorel-2024-12059
Nick Wilson, Eddie Hill, Edwin Gómez
Thru-hiking is seeing an unprecedented surge in popularity in recent years, with the numbers of prospective thru-hikers only expected to continue to increase. Amidst this thru-hiking boom, this study used the Means End of Recreation Scale to determine the values and outcomes that motivate thru-hikers to hike and drive their trail selection. Utilizing responses from 268 thru-hikers in an online survey across the United States’ long-distance National Scenic Trails, the study evaluated how “trail variables,” such as (a) direction traveled, (b) experience with previous thru-hikes, and (c) whether a trail is a “Triple Crown” trail impacted thru-hikers’ outcomes from a thru-hike. Non-Triple Crown trail thru-hikers were found to be largely affected by trail attributes, more so than their Triple Crown counterparts. Results reveal outcomes from a thru-hike remain relatively unaffected by many of the evaluated trail variables, suggesting a certain universality in outcomes from a thru-hike, which can inform land managers and trail organizations to better manage the trails and provide the desired experiences to thru-hikers.
近年来，徒步旅行正以前所未有的速度大受欢迎，预计未来的徒步旅行者人数还会继续增加。在这股徒步旅行热潮中，本研究使用了 "娱乐手段量表"（Means End of Recreation Scale）来确定激励徒步旅行者徒步旅行的价值和结果，以及他们选择徒步旅行路线的驱动力。这项研究利用 268 名徒步旅行者在美国长距离国家风景步道在线调查中的回答，评估了 "步道变量 "对徒步旅行者徒步旅行结果的影响，如（a）旅行方向、（b）以前的徒步旅行经验以及（c）步道是否为 "三冠王 "步道。研究发现，非 "三冠王 "徒步路线的徒步旅行者在很大程度上受徒步路线属性的影响，比 "三冠王 "徒步路线的徒步旅行者更大。研究结果表明，徒步旅行的结果相对来说不受许多被评估的路径变量的影响，这表明徒步旅行的结果具有一定的普遍性，土地管理者和路径组织可以据此更好地管理路径，为徒步旅行者提供理想的体验。
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