Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1017/S0022050709001375
Kenneth M Sylvester
Farms stood at an ecological frontier in the 1930s. With new and better agricultural machinery, more farms than ever before made the leap to thousand acre enterprises. But did they abandon mixed husbandry in the process? This article explores the origins of the modern relationship between scale and diversity using a new sample of Kansas farms. In 25 townships across the state, between 1875 and 1940, the evidence demonstrates that relatively few plains farms were agents of early monoculture. Rather than a process driven by single-crop farming, settlement was shaped by farms that grew more diverse with each generation.
{"title":"Ecological Frontiers on the Grasslands of Kansas: Changes in Farm Scale and Crop Diversity.","authors":"Kenneth M Sylvester","doi":"10.1017/S0022050709001375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050709001375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Farms stood at an ecological frontier in the 1930s. With new and better agricultural machinery, more farms than ever before made the leap to thousand acre enterprises. But did they abandon mixed husbandry in the process? This article explores the origins of the modern relationship between scale and diversity using a new sample of Kansas farms. In 25 townships across the state, between 1875 and 1940, the evidence demonstrates that relatively few plains farms were agents of early monoculture. Rather than a process driven by single-crop farming, settlement was shaped by farms that grew more diverse with each generation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0022050709001375","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28770674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-01-01DOI: 10.1017/S0022050708000661
Chulhee Lee
This article explores how injuries, sickness, and the geographic mobility of Union Army veterans while in service affected their postservice migrations. Wartime wounds and illnesses significantly diminished the geographic mobility of veterans after the war. Geographic moves while carrying out military missions had strong positive effects on their postservice geographic mobility. Geographic moves while in service also influenced the choice of destination among the migrants. I discuss some implications of the results for the elements of self-selection in migration, the roles of different types of information in migration decisions, and the overall impact of the Civil War on geographic mobility.
{"title":"Health, Information, and Migration: Geographic Mobility of Union Army Veterans, 1860-1880.","authors":"Chulhee Lee","doi":"10.1017/S0022050708000661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050708000661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores how injuries, sickness, and the geographic mobility of Union Army veterans while in service affected their postservice migrations. Wartime wounds and illnesses significantly diminished the geographic mobility of veterans after the war. Geographic moves while carrying out military missions had strong positive effects on their postservice geographic mobility. Geographic moves while in service also influenced the choice of destination among the migrants. I discuss some implications of the results for the elements of self-selection in migration, the roles of different types of information in migration decisions, and the overall impact of the Civil War on geographic mobility.</p>","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0022050708000661","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28782629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1017/S0022050707000472
Sok Chul Hong
This article uses nineteenth-century evidence to calculate the impact of early exposure to malaria-ridden environments on nutritional status and the immune system in America. I estimate the risk of contracting malarial fevers in the 1850s by using correlations between malaria and environmental factors such as climate and geographical features. The study demonstrates that Union Army recruits who spent their early years in malaria-endemic counties were 1.1 inches shorter at enlistment due to malnutrition and were 13 percent more susceptible to infections during the U.S. Civil War as a result of immune disorders than were those from malaria-free regions.
{"title":"The Burden of Early Exposure to Malaria in the United States, 1850-1860: Malnutrition and Immune Disorders.","authors":"Sok Chul Hong","doi":"10.1017/S0022050707000472","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022050707000472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article uses nineteenth-century evidence to calculate the impact of early exposure to malaria-ridden environments on nutritional status and the immune system in America. I estimate the risk of contracting malarial fevers in the 1850s by using correlations between malaria and environmental factors such as climate and geographical features. The study demonstrates that Union Army recruits who spent their early years in malaria-endemic counties were 1.1 inches shorter at enlistment due to malnutrition and were 13 percent more susceptible to infections during the U.S. Civil War as a result of immune disorders than were those from malaria-free regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0022050707000472","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27899401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-01-01DOI: 10.1017/S0022050705000124
Chulhee Lee
How did the wartime health of Union Army recruits affect their wealth accumulation through 1870? Wounds and exposure to combat had strong negative effects on subsequent savings, as did illnesses while in the service. The impact of poor health was particularly strong for unskilled workers. Health was a powerful determinant of nineteenth-century economic mobility. Infectious diseases' influences on wealth accumulation suggest that the economic gains from the improvement of the disease environment should be enormous. The direct economic costs of the Civil War were probably much greater than previously thought, given the persistent adverse health effects of wartime experiences.
{"title":"Wealth Accumulation and the Health of Union Army Veterans, 1860-1870.","authors":"Chulhee Lee","doi":"10.1017/S0022050705000124","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022050705000124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How did the wartime health of Union Army recruits affect their wealth accumulation through 1870? Wounds and exposure to combat had strong negative effects on subsequent savings, as did illnesses while in the service. The impact of poor health was particularly strong for unskilled workers. Health was a powerful determinant of nineteenth-century economic mobility. Infectious diseases' influences on wealth accumulation suggest that the economic gains from the improvement of the disease environment should be enormous. The direct economic costs of the Civil War were probably much greater than previously thought, given the persistent adverse health effects of wartime experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2840618/pdf/nihms97051.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28841738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1017/s0022050702000578
Gregory Clark
{"title":"Shelter from the storm: housing and the Industrial Revolution, 1550-1909.","authors":"Gregory Clark","doi":"10.1017/s0022050702000578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050702000578","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0022050702000578","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28905980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Famine and market in ancien regime France.","authors":"Cormac O Grada, Jean-Michel Chevet","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26716134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-01-01DOI: 10.1017/s0022050701042085
H J Voth
{"title":"The longest years: new estimates of labor input in England, 1760-1830.","authors":"H J Voth","doi":"10.1017/s0022050701042085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050701042085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0022050701042085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27559369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A social contract for the coal fields: the rise and fall of United Mine Workers of America Welfare and Retirement Fund. [Review of: Mulcahy, R.P. A social contract for the coal fields: the rise and fall of United Mine Workers of America Welfare and Retirement Fund. Knoxville: U. of Tennessee Pr., 2000].","authors":"L W Boyd","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26341159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effects of government policy on drug use: Java, 1875-1904.","authors":"E W VanLuijk, J C VanOurs","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27431323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-01-01DOI: 10.1017/s0022050701025074
B Gupta
{"title":"The international tea cartel during the Great Depression, 1929-1933.","authors":"B Gupta","doi":"10.1017/s0022050701025074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050701025074","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0022050701025074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27221401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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