Pub Date : 2024-01-10DOI: 10.62134/ajbms/v2.i1.khatamuni.3
Maria Jamizada
Introduction: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent mental health issue affecting women post-childbirth, particularly primigravida mothers. This study aims to explore the prevalence and risk factors of PPD among primigravida mothers in Kabul, Afghanistan, a low- and middle-income country with limited research on PPD among primigravida mothers. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed, and data were collected from 200 primigravida mothers who gave birth in Rabia Balkhi and Malalai Hospitals in Kabul. A structured questionnaire was utilized to gather data on socio-demographic characteristics, PPD symptoms, and risk factors, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS. Results: The study findings revealed that 42.5% of the primigravida mothers in Kabul experienced symptoms of PPD according to EPDS scores. This prevalence rate was higher than global estimates and previous studies in high-income countries. Risk factors associated with PPD among primigravida mothers in Kabul included a history of depression or mental health problems (55.5%), job loss or financial difficulties (74.5%), trauma related to natural disasters or war (63%), experiences of physical or verbal abuse (34.5%), lack of social support or feelings of isolation (23%), and difficulties adjusting to motherhood (48.5%). Conclusion: The study highlights the prevalence and risk factors of Postpartum Depression among primigravida mothers in Kabul, Afghanistan, emphasizing the need for interventions to support new mothers' mental health, including prioritizing screening, providing targeted support, and addressing socioeconomic and environmental challenges, through investment in mental health services and public health campaigns.
{"title":"Postpartum depression among primigravida mothers in Kabul, Afghanistan","authors":"Maria Jamizada","doi":"10.62134/ajbms/v2.i1.khatamuni.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62134/ajbms/v2.i1.khatamuni.3","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent mental health issue affecting women post-childbirth, particularly primigravida mothers. This study aims to explore the prevalence and risk factors of PPD among primigravida mothers in Kabul, Afghanistan, a low- and middle-income country with limited research on PPD among primigravida mothers. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed, and data were collected from 200 primigravida mothers who gave birth in Rabia Balkhi and Malalai Hospitals in Kabul. A structured questionnaire was utilized to gather data on socio-demographic characteristics, PPD symptoms, and risk factors, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS. Results: The study findings revealed that 42.5% of the primigravida mothers in Kabul experienced symptoms of PPD according to EPDS scores. This prevalence rate was higher than global estimates and previous studies in high-income countries. Risk factors associated with PPD among primigravida mothers in Kabul included a history of depression or mental health problems (55.5%), job loss or financial difficulties (74.5%), trauma related to natural disasters or war (63%), experiences of physical or verbal abuse (34.5%), lack of social support or feelings of isolation (23%), and difficulties adjusting to motherhood (48.5%). Conclusion: The study highlights the prevalence and risk factors of Postpartum Depression among primigravida mothers in Kabul, Afghanistan, emphasizing the need for interventions to support new mothers' mental health, including prioritizing screening, providing targeted support, and addressing socioeconomic and environmental challenges, through investment in mental health services and public health campaigns.","PeriodicalId":516585,"journal":{"name":"Afghanistan Journal of Basic Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140510856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prevalence of β-thalassemia in anemic children referred to City Medical Complex in Kabul City in 1401","authors":"Fazal Rabi Salarzai, Abdolghani Azizi, Latifa Sadeqi","doi":"10.62134/ajbms/v2.i1.khatamuni.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62134/ajbms/v2.i1.khatamuni.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516585,"journal":{"name":"Afghanistan Journal of Basic Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-10DOI: 10.62134/ajbms/v2.i1.khatamuni.4
Mohammad Latif Nazari, Fazal Rabi Salarzai, Dawood Hossaini, Ahmad Jamshid Mehrpoor, Murtaza Hiadary
Introduction: Diabetes is a multifaceted metabolic disorder characterized by increased levels of blood glucose, resulting from several factors that impede proper glucose regulation in affected individuals. This study aims to investigate the relationships between age and blood glucose levels in non-pregnant women in Kabul in 2022. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Kabul, Afghanistan, involving patients attending the City Medical Complex in 2023. Blood samples were collected after fasting, and blood glucose levels were assessed using the enzymatic approach. Hyperglycemia was defined using the criteria of the American Diabetes Association. Data were analyzed using SPSS V.18, with a chi-square test for quantitative data, an independent t-test, and an analysis of variance for qualitative data. Results: The study involved 5102 participants aged 5 to 88 years, with a mean FBS level of 153.18 ± 70.315 mg/dl. 30.5% had normal FBS, 15.8% were pre-diabetic, and 53.7% had diabetes. Age distribution varied significantly across FBS groups, with diabetics having the highest age range (54.68 years) and normals having the smallest (44.07 years). Discussion: The correlation between aging and diabetes is intricate and diverse. Numerous elements contribute to this association, encompassing the heightened occurrence of diabetes as individuals grow older and the influence of diabetes on the aging progression itself.
{"title":"Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in females living in Kabul in 2022","authors":"Mohammad Latif Nazari, Fazal Rabi Salarzai, Dawood Hossaini, Ahmad Jamshid Mehrpoor, Murtaza Hiadary","doi":"10.62134/ajbms/v2.i1.khatamuni.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62134/ajbms/v2.i1.khatamuni.4","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diabetes is a multifaceted metabolic disorder characterized by increased levels of blood glucose, resulting from several factors that impede proper glucose regulation in affected individuals. This study aims to investigate the relationships between age and blood glucose levels in non-pregnant women in Kabul in 2022. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Kabul, Afghanistan, involving patients attending the City Medical Complex in 2023. Blood samples were collected after fasting, and blood glucose levels were assessed using the enzymatic approach. Hyperglycemia was defined using the criteria of the American Diabetes Association. Data were analyzed using SPSS V.18, with a chi-square test for quantitative data, an independent t-test, and an analysis of variance for qualitative data. Results: The study involved 5102 participants aged 5 to 88 years, with a mean FBS level of 153.18 ± 70.315 mg/dl. 30.5% had normal FBS, 15.8% were pre-diabetic, and 53.7% had diabetes. Age distribution varied significantly across FBS groups, with diabetics having the highest age range (54.68 years) and normals having the smallest (44.07 years). Discussion: The correlation between aging and diabetes is intricate and diverse. Numerous elements contribute to this association, encompassing the heightened occurrence of diabetes as individuals grow older and the influence of diabetes on the aging progression itself.","PeriodicalId":516585,"journal":{"name":"Afghanistan Journal of Basic Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140510846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-10DOI: 10.62134/ajbms/v2.i1.khatamuni.6
Abdul Wakil Qarluq, Shapoor Bakhtyar
Toxoplasmosis a zoonotic disease caused by Toxoplasma Gondii (T.gondii) is a serious health problem for most undeveloped countries including Afghanistan. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis in Afghanistan varies between different provinces, with rural areas showing a higher risk of infection compared to urban areas. This may be due to the lifestyle and environmental factors in these regions, such as agricultural practices, contact with animals, and consumption of contaminated food and water. The high prevalence of toxoplasmosis among pregnant women is particularly concerning, as it can lead to severe complications for both the mother and the unborn child. Overall, addressing toxoplasmosis in Afghanistan requires a multifaceted approach that considers the unique social, cultural, and environmental factors influencing its transmission and impact on human health. This may involve targeted interventions in rural areas, where the risk of infection is higher, as well as broader public health campaigns to raise awareness and promote preventive measures across the country. By addressing these factors, it may be possible to reduce the burden of toxoplasmosis and improve the overall health outcomes for the population of Afghanistan.
{"title":"Comparative Studies on Toxoplasmosis in Different Provinces of Afghanistan","authors":"Abdul Wakil Qarluq, Shapoor Bakhtyar","doi":"10.62134/ajbms/v2.i1.khatamuni.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62134/ajbms/v2.i1.khatamuni.6","url":null,"abstract":"Toxoplasmosis a zoonotic disease caused by Toxoplasma Gondii (T.gondii) is a serious health problem for most undeveloped countries including Afghanistan. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis in Afghanistan varies between different provinces, with rural areas showing a higher risk of infection compared to urban areas. This may be due to the lifestyle and environmental factors in these regions, such as agricultural practices, contact with animals, and consumption of contaminated food and water. The high prevalence of toxoplasmosis among pregnant women is particularly concerning, as it can lead to severe complications for both the mother and the unborn child. Overall, addressing toxoplasmosis in Afghanistan requires a multifaceted approach that considers the unique social, cultural, and environmental factors influencing its transmission and impact on human health. This may involve targeted interventions in rural areas, where the risk of infection is higher, as well as broader public health campaigns to raise awareness and promote preventive measures across the country. By addressing these factors, it may be possible to reduce the burden of toxoplasmosis and improve the overall health outcomes for the population of Afghanistan.","PeriodicalId":516585,"journal":{"name":"Afghanistan Journal of Basic Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ntroduction: Antimicrobial resistance has become major concern of treating infectious disease due to their extensive use, which led to bacterial gen modification and secretion of some enzymes by these microorganisms that make them survival despite the presence of antibiotics. Searching of inhibitors for these resistant pathogens were helpful to elevate the impact of antibiotics in curing diseases. Curcumin is a natural compound which has several medicinal effects, can be used to inhibit OXA-10 β-lactamase class D enzymes. Materials and Methods: Molecular docking and Molecular dynamic simulation utilized to understand the binding pose, structural integrity, stability and binding energy of class D beta lactamase with Curcumin using Autodock 4.2.2 software and GROMACS 2019.6 program applying AMBER99SB force field respectively. Results: Molecular docking results and interaction analysis of molecular dynamics simulations indicated stable hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions of Curcumin with OXA-10 β-lactamase. Conclusion: This paper indicates that curcumin which is a natural ingredient can be used as a potential inhibitor of class D β -lactamase OXA-10.
导言：抗生素的广泛使用导致细菌基因发生改变，并使这些微生物分泌一些酶，从而使它们在抗生素存在的情况下仍能生存，因此抗生素耐药性已成为治疗传染病的主要问题。寻找针对这些耐药性病原体的抑制剂有助于提高抗生素在治疗疾病方面的效果。姜黄素是一种天然化合物，具有多种药用功效，可用于抑制 OXA-10 β-内酰胺酶 D 类酶。材料与方法使用Autodock 4.2.2软件和GROMACS 2019.6程序，应用AMBER99SB力场，分别进行分子对接和分子动力学模拟，以了解D类β-内酰胺酶与姜黄素的结合姿态、结构完整性、稳定性和结合能。结果分子对接结果和分子动力学模拟的相互作用分析表明，姜黄素与 OXA-10 β-内酰胺酶之间存在稳定的氢键和范德华相互作用。结论本文表明，姜黄素这种天然成分可用作 D 类 β 内酰胺酶 OXA-10 的潜在抑制剂。
{"title":"Integrating molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation approaches for the investigation of the affinity and interactions of curcumin with Class D β-lactamase","authors":"Jawid Khan Mangal, Sayed Hussain Mosawi, A. Bayan, Hijratullah Rahmatzai, Enayatullah Stanikzai","doi":"10.62134/ajbms/v2.i1.khatamuni.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62134/ajbms/v2.i1.khatamuni.5","url":null,"abstract":"ntroduction: Antimicrobial resistance has become major concern of treating infectious disease due to their extensive use, which led to bacterial gen modification and secretion of some enzymes by these microorganisms that make them survival despite the presence of antibiotics. Searching of inhibitors for these resistant pathogens were helpful to elevate the impact of antibiotics in curing diseases. Curcumin is a natural compound which has several medicinal effects, can be used to inhibit OXA-10 β-lactamase class D enzymes. Materials and Methods: Molecular docking and Molecular dynamic simulation utilized to understand the binding pose, structural integrity, stability and binding energy of class D beta lactamase with Curcumin using Autodock 4.2.2 software and GROMACS 2019.6 program applying AMBER99SB force field respectively. Results: Molecular docking results and interaction analysis of molecular dynamics simulations indicated stable hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions of Curcumin with OXA-10 β-lactamase. Conclusion: This paper indicates that curcumin which is a natural ingredient can be used as a potential inhibitor of class D β -lactamase OXA-10.","PeriodicalId":516585,"journal":{"name":"Afghanistan Journal of Basic Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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