Adil Elrayah, Ke Duan, Xiong Lu, Xiaobo Lu, Jie Weng
Hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds produced by the accumulation of HA fibers were separately treated hydrothermally in three calcium phosphate solutions to form coatings of different micro/nano-structures. Different micro/nano-structure and morphologies have been regulated on the surface of treated HA scaffolds. Plate-like compromise flower-like morphology was obtained with solution 1 (Ca-sufficient) i.e., ratio: Ca/Ca=1%; Ca/P=1.67. Full coatings (flower-like) morphology treated after Cu-doped coating solution 2 (Cu/(Cu+Ca) = 5%; ratio: (Cu+Ca)/P = 1.67). Furthermore, partial coatings (flower-like) morphology fabricated with solution 3 (Ca-deficient and Cu-replacement), i.e., ratio: Ca/Ca=0.95%; Ca/P=1.58. The results showed the effect of hydrothermal coatings on HA scaffolds. Cultured human endothelial cells spread and proliferated better on the treated HA scaffolds than on the uncoated scaffolds, suggesting a potential effect of calcium phosphate surface morphology on endothelial cell response. Thus, it can provide an appropriate micro/nano-structure approach supporting angiogenesis capacity, which is a necessity to accelerate the time of bone healing and regeneration.
在三种磷酸钙溶液中分别对堆积 HA 纤维生成的羟基磷灰石（HA）支架进行水热处理，以形成不同微/纳米结构的涂层。经过处理的 HA 支架表面呈现出不同的微/纳米结构和形态。使用溶液 1（钙充足），即比率为Ca/Ca=1%；Ca/P=1.67。掺铜涂层溶液 2（Cu/(Cu+Ca) = 5%；比率：(Cu+Ca)/P = 1.67）处理后可获得全涂层（花朵状）形态。此外，用溶液 3（缺钙和铜置换）制造的部分涂层（花朵状）形态，即比率：(Cu+Ca)/P = 1.67：Ca/Ca=0.95%；Ca/P=1.58。结果显示了水热涂层对 HA 支架的影响。培养的人内皮细胞在经过处理的 HA 支架上的扩散和增殖效果优于未涂层的支架，这表明磷酸钙表面形态对内皮细胞反应有潜在影响。因此，它可以提供一种支持血管生成能力的适当微/纳米结构方法，而血管生成能力是加速骨愈合和再生的必要条件。
{"title":"Calcium Phosphate Coatings with Controlled Micro/Nano-Structures for Endothelial Cells Viability","authors":"Adil Elrayah, Ke Duan, Xiong Lu, Xiaobo Lu, Jie Weng","doi":"10.51173/jt.v6i2.2545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51173/jt.v6i2.2545","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds produced by the accumulation of HA fibers were separately treated hydrothermally in three calcium phosphate solutions to form coatings of different micro/nano-structures. Different micro/nano-structure and morphologies have been regulated on the surface of treated HA scaffolds. Plate-like compromise flower-like morphology was obtained with solution 1 (Ca-sufficient) i.e., ratio: Ca/Ca=1%; Ca/P=1.67. Full coatings (flower-like) morphology treated after Cu-doped coating solution 2 (Cu/(Cu+Ca) = 5%; ratio: (Cu+Ca)/P = 1.67). Furthermore, partial coatings (flower-like) morphology fabricated with solution 3 (Ca-deficient and Cu-replacement), i.e., ratio: Ca/Ca=0.95%; Ca/P=1.58. The results showed the effect of hydrothermal coatings on HA scaffolds. Cultured human endothelial cells spread and proliferated better on the treated HA scaffolds than on the uncoated scaffolds, suggesting a potential effect of calcium phosphate surface morphology on endothelial cell response. Thus, it can provide an appropriate micro/nano-structure approach supporting angiogenesis capacity, which is a necessity to accelerate the time of bone healing and regeneration.","PeriodicalId":516635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Techniques","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141388925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raddam Sami Mehsen, Majharoddin M. Kazi, Hiren Joshi
In pragmatic courses, graduate students are required to submit programming assignments, which have been susceptible to various forms of plagiarism. Detecting counterfeited code in an academic setting is of paramount importance, given the prevalence of publications and papers. Plagiarism, defined as the unauthorized replication of written work without proper acknowledgment, has become a critical concern with the advent of information and communication technology (ICT) and the widespread availability of scholarly publications online. However, the extensive use of freeware text editors has posed challenges in detecting source code plagiarism. Numerous studies have investigated algorithms for revealing different types of plagiarism and detecting source code plagiarism. In this research, we propose an innovative strategy that combines TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency) modifications with K-means clustering, achieving a remarkable precision rate of 99.2%. Additionally, we explore the hierarchical clustering method, which estimates an even higher precision rate of 99.5% compared to previous techniques. To implement our approach, we utilize the Python programming language along with relevant libraries, providing a robust and efficient system for source code plagiarism detection in student assignment submissions.
{"title":"Detecting Source Code Plagiarism in Student Assignment Submissions Using Clustering Techniques","authors":"Raddam Sami Mehsen, Majharoddin M. Kazi, Hiren Joshi","doi":"10.51173/jt.v6i2.1851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51173/jt.v6i2.1851","url":null,"abstract":"In pragmatic courses, graduate students are required to submit programming assignments, which have been susceptible to various forms of plagiarism. Detecting counterfeited code in an academic setting is of paramount importance, given the prevalence of publications and papers. Plagiarism, defined as the unauthorized replication of written work without proper acknowledgment, has become a critical concern with the advent of information and communication technology (ICT) and the widespread availability of scholarly publications online. However, the extensive use of freeware text editors has posed challenges in detecting source code plagiarism. Numerous studies have investigated algorithms for revealing different types of plagiarism and detecting source code plagiarism. In this research, we propose an innovative strategy that combines TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency) modifications with K-means clustering, achieving a remarkable precision rate of 99.2%. Additionally, we explore the hierarchical clustering method, which estimates an even higher precision rate of 99.5% compared to previous techniques. To implement our approach, we utilize the Python programming language along with relevant libraries, providing a robust and efficient system for source code plagiarism detection in student assignment submissions.","PeriodicalId":516635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Techniques","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140753335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ghalib Ahmed Salman, Inas Jawad Kadhim, Ahmed Husham Al-Badri
Facial diseases lead to noticeable changes on the human face, and some of them extend beyond internal effects or organ-based disorders. Indeed, certain types of facial diseases result in visually noticeable abnormalities on the human face. These alterations in facial patterns can serve as potential indicators for corresponding diseases, particularly in the fields of endocrinology and metabolism, Muscles-Nervous disorders, Chromosomes, and Genetic disorders, among others. Technologies used in Face Recognition (FR) have been developed over the past few decades; however, only a limited amount of research has been applied in recent years to FR-based disease detection for clinical purposes. FR applications relying on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) techniques have recorded higher accuracy rates in diagnosing facial diseases. This field of recognition holds promising potential for optimizing facial diagnosis approaches and supporting medical staff in evaluating detections. In practice, only a few research ideas have been translated into medical products, emphasizing the need to identify and integrate future applications. As a primary focus, this paper centers on the key applications and technologies for detecting various types of facial diseases, along with a discussion of prospects.
{"title":"Image-Based Face Recognition Techniques Used in Disease Detection Approaches: A Survey","authors":"Ghalib Ahmed Salman, Inas Jawad Kadhim, Ahmed Husham Al-Badri","doi":"10.51173/jt.v6i1.1966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51173/jt.v6i1.1966","url":null,"abstract":"Facial diseases lead to noticeable changes on the human face, and some of them extend beyond internal effects or organ-based disorders. Indeed, certain types of facial diseases result in visually noticeable abnormalities on the human face. These alterations in facial patterns can serve as potential indicators for corresponding diseases, particularly in the fields of endocrinology and metabolism, Muscles-Nervous disorders, Chromosomes, and Genetic disorders, among others. Technologies used in Face Recognition (FR) have been developed over the past few decades; however, only a limited amount of research has been applied in recent years to FR-based disease detection for clinical purposes. FR applications relying on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) techniques have recorded higher accuracy rates in diagnosing facial diseases. This field of recognition holds promising potential for optimizing facial diagnosis approaches and supporting medical staff in evaluating detections. In practice, only a few research ideas have been translated into medical products, emphasizing the need to identify and integrate future applications. As a primary focus, this paper centers on the key applications and technologies for detecting various types of facial diseases, along with a discussion of prospects.","PeriodicalId":516635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Techniques","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140501430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohanad Muneer Yaqoob, Ali Nasser Hussain, W. Abed, Daniel Augusto Pereira
Improving reliability and power quality in Radial Distribution Systems (RDS) is of large significance to ensure the provision of electricity within a reliable and acceptable standard to consumers with increasing load requirements. An Optimal Capacitor Placement (OCP) technique is used in the present work to achieve the highest power quality and system reliability in a balanced manner at the same time. The proposed technique has been tested with 69 typical IEEE RDS buses using the Improved Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (IBPSO) algorithm. The proposed algorithm shows a high ability to find the best location and size of injected capacitors inside the RDS to implement a single-objective function for minimization of Active Power Loss (APL). The simulation results obtained from the MATLAB environment show that the OCP technique has a significant potential to enhance RDS reliability, bus voltage, and loss reduction as compared to other previous work.
{"title":"Power Loss Reduction and Reliability Improvement of Radial Distribution Systems Using Optimal Capacitor Placement Technique","authors":"Mohanad Muneer Yaqoob, Ali Nasser Hussain, W. Abed, Daniel Augusto Pereira","doi":"10.51173/jt.v6i1.1215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51173/jt.v6i1.1215","url":null,"abstract":"Improving reliability and power quality in Radial Distribution Systems (RDS) is of large significance to ensure the provision of electricity within a reliable and acceptable standard to consumers with increasing load requirements. An Optimal Capacitor Placement (OCP) technique is used in the present work to achieve the highest power quality and system reliability in a balanced manner at the same time. The proposed technique has been tested with 69 typical IEEE RDS buses using the Improved Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (IBPSO) algorithm. The proposed algorithm shows a high ability to find the best location and size of injected capacitors inside the RDS to implement a single-objective function for minimization of Active Power Loss (APL). The simulation results obtained from the MATLAB environment show that the OCP technique has a significant potential to enhance RDS reliability, bus voltage, and loss reduction as compared to other previous work.","PeriodicalId":516635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Techniques","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140501913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Murtadha Mohammed Mahdi, Sadik Kamel Gharghan, Saleem Lateef Mohammed, Ibrahim Amer Ibrahim
Epileptic seizures can cause sudden blood pressure changes, requiring continuous monitoring. However, traditional blood pressure monitoring methods are often invasive and uncomfortable for the patient. In addition, it is difficult to measure blood pressure during seizures. This research aims to design a non-invasive, comfortable device to monitor blood pressure during epileptic seizures continuously. Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals from the sole of the patient's foot were used to extract blood pressure data. A smart patch was designed to be worn comfortably on foot for continuous monitoring during seizures. The results show that the average systolic and diastolic blood pressure errors were 2.838 and 4.494 mmHg during epileptic seizures, respectively. These blood pressure changes could be related to the onset of seizures, suggesting that the device and methodology could be combined with other measures to analyze and predict seizure activity. This research offers a non-invasive and comfortable solution for continuous blood pressure monitoring during seizures, which may affect seizure prediction and management.
{"title":"Smart Patch for Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Monitoring in Epileptic Seizure Patients via the Sole","authors":"Murtadha Mohammed Mahdi, Sadik Kamel Gharghan, Saleem Lateef Mohammed, Ibrahim Amer Ibrahim","doi":"10.51173/jt.v6i1.1624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51173/jt.v6i1.1624","url":null,"abstract":"Epileptic seizures can cause sudden blood pressure changes, requiring continuous monitoring. However, traditional blood pressure monitoring methods are often invasive and uncomfortable for the patient. In addition, it is difficult to measure blood pressure during seizures. This research aims to design a non-invasive, comfortable device to monitor blood pressure during epileptic seizures continuously. Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals from the sole of the patient's foot were used to extract blood pressure data. A smart patch was designed to be worn comfortably on foot for continuous monitoring during seizures. The results show that the average systolic and diastolic blood pressure errors were 2.838 and 4.494 mmHg during epileptic seizures, respectively. These blood pressure changes could be related to the onset of seizures, suggesting that the device and methodology could be combined with other measures to analyze and predict seizure activity. This research offers a non-invasive and comfortable solution for continuous blood pressure monitoring during seizures, which may affect seizure prediction and management.","PeriodicalId":516635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Techniques","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study, the effect of irregularity of structures of the concrete with special shear walls has been analyzed and modeled by considering the effect of soil-structure interaction by dynamic analysis method with ABAQUS software. The results are presented in the form of diagrams with different soil interaction conditions, the effect of the number of layers was investigated for different soils. The results showed that the bearing system of the flexural frame and the concrete shear wall under the lateral load of the earthquake have good strength and ductility, which makes this issue. This structural system should be used for cities with very high earthquake risk. As the number of floors increases, the effect of the shear walls on increasing the bearing capacity decreases. As the number of floors increases, the final displacement of the frame increases. The results showed that for soil type 1(hard soil which Vs=1000 m/s, v=0.15, q=50000 Kg/m2, P=2000 Kg/m3, r=0.5 m) structural system of concrete shear walls with better displacement, maximum structural stiffness, better behavior was observed in the structure. Three-story frame with concrete shear wall has a significant increase compared to similar frames with more floors, which shows the good performance of this system in structures with fewer floors.
{"title":"Study of the Impact Irregular Concrete Facilities with the Shear Walls Based: The Effect of Soil-Structure Interaction with ABAQUS Software","authors":"Wisam Fawzi Aljuhaishi, Javad Esfandiari","doi":"10.51173/jt.v6i1.1654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51173/jt.v6i1.1654","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, the effect of irregularity of structures of the concrete with special shear walls has been analyzed and modeled by considering the effect of soil-structure interaction by dynamic analysis method with ABAQUS software. The results are presented in the form of diagrams with different soil interaction conditions, the effect of the number of layers was investigated for different soils. The results showed that the bearing system of the flexural frame and the concrete shear wall under the lateral load of the earthquake have good strength and ductility, which makes this issue. This structural system should be used for cities with very high earthquake risk. As the number of floors increases, the effect of the shear walls on increasing the bearing capacity decreases. As the number of floors increases, the final displacement of the frame increases. The results showed that for soil type 1(hard soil which Vs=1000 m/s, v=0.15, q=50000 Kg/m2, P=2000 Kg/m3, r=0.5 m) structural system of concrete shear walls with better displacement, maximum structural stiffness, better behavior was observed in the structure. Three-story frame with concrete shear wall has a significant increase compared to similar frames with more floors, which shows the good performance of this system in structures with fewer floors.","PeriodicalId":516635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Techniques","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140502200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hussain Hamdi Khalaf, Ali Nasser Hussain, Zuhair S. Al-Sagar, Abdulrahman Th. Mohammad, Hilal A. Fadhil
In this work, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with a backward-propagation technique was used to predict the power generation of the Photovoltaic (PV) module in weather conditions of Baghdad city-Iraq. Experiment tests were investigated in the summer of 2022. Three weather parameters, including: (solar radiation, ambient temperature, and wind speed), the output electrical characteristics of the PV module (voltage, current, power), and module temperature (were measured. Therefore, the dataset of the ANN system consists of four input and one output parameter. Furthermore, the structure of ANN includes a single hidden layer with a backward propagation technique. The main goal of this study was to optimize the number of neurons in the training process. The evaluation of the ANN model depended on the determination coefficient (R) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). The obtained results show that the architecture of ANN is appropriate for predicting the power generated from the PV module. The developed ANN model has good accuracy. Where the MSE is 0.002747 at epoch 9 in the model. Furthermore, the R is recorded as 0.99078, 0.98254, 0.99125, and 0.99005 for training, testing, validation, and all respectively in the proposed model. In addition, the optimization number of neurons in the hidden layer gave sufficient accuracy without referring to the choice of the number of neurons by using the trial-and-error method that most researchers relied.
在这项工作中，使用了一种采用反向传播技术的人工神经网络（ANN）来预测伊拉克巴格达市天气条件下光伏（PV）模块的发电量。实验测试在 2022 年夏季进行。测量了三个天气参数，包括：（太阳辐射、环境温度和风速）、光伏组件的输出电气特性（电压、电流和功率）以及组件温度。因此，ANN 系统的数据集由四个输入参数和一个输出参数组成。此外，ANN 的结构包括一个采用反向传播技术的单隐层。本研究的主要目标是优化训练过程中的神经元数量。对 ANN 模型的评估取决于确定系数（R）和均方根误差（RMSE）。 结果表明，ANN 的结构适合预测光伏组件的发电量。所开发的 ANN 模型具有良好的准确性。在模型的第 9 个历元，MSE 为 0.002747。此外，该模型在训练、测试、验证和全部过程中的 R 值分别为 0.99078、0.98254、0.99125 和 0.99005。此外，通过优化隐层神经元的数量，可以获得足够的精度，而无需像大多数研究人员那样通过试错法来选择神经元的数量。
{"title":"Optimization of Neurons Number in Artificial Neural Network Model for Predicting the Power Production of PV Module","authors":"Hussain Hamdi Khalaf, Ali Nasser Hussain, Zuhair S. Al-Sagar, Abdulrahman Th. Mohammad, Hilal A. Fadhil","doi":"10.51173/jt.v6i1.895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51173/jt.v6i1.895","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with a backward-propagation technique was used to predict the power generation of the Photovoltaic (PV) module in weather conditions of Baghdad city-Iraq. Experiment tests were investigated in the summer of 2022. Three weather parameters, including: (solar radiation, ambient temperature, and wind speed), the output electrical characteristics of the PV module (voltage, current, power), and module temperature (were measured. Therefore, the dataset of the ANN system consists of four input and one output parameter. Furthermore, the structure of ANN includes a single hidden layer with a backward propagation technique. The main goal of this study was to optimize the number of neurons in the training process. The evaluation of the ANN model depended on the determination coefficient (R) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). The obtained results show that the architecture of ANN is appropriate for predicting the power generated from the PV module. The developed ANN model has good accuracy. Where the MSE is 0.002747 at epoch 9 in the model. Furthermore, the R is recorded as 0.99078, 0.98254, 0.99125, and 0.99005 for training, testing, validation, and all respectively in the proposed model. In addition, the optimization number of neurons in the hidden layer gave sufficient accuracy without referring to the choice of the number of neurons by using the trial-and-error method that most researchers relied.","PeriodicalId":516635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Techniques","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140502297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resistance spot welding (RSW) was used to fabricate Similar joints of low-carbon steel AISI 1005 in lap joint design RSW. Evaluate the welding current, squeeze time, welding time, and hold time, which affects resistance spot welding. A tensile-shear force fracture test was used to assess the mechanical properties Using a universal tensile testing machine. The microstructure of the fusion zone was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). According to the data, the shear strength values increased as the welding current increased. Additionally, it was shown that most failures occurred closer to the fusion zone (FZ). The primary cause is the crystal lattice's strained distortion, which weakens the nearby region of the fusion zone.
{"title":"Influence of Welding Parameters on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Similar Low-Carbon Steel AISI 1005 Welding by Resistance Spot Welding","authors":"Osamah Sabah Barrak, Sami Chatti, Slim Ben-Elechi","doi":"10.51173/jt.v6i1.2114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51173/jt.v6i1.2114","url":null,"abstract":"Resistance spot welding (RSW) was used to fabricate Similar joints of low-carbon steel AISI 1005 in lap joint design RSW. Evaluate the welding current, squeeze time, welding time, and hold time, which affects resistance spot welding. A tensile-shear force fracture test was used to assess the mechanical properties Using a universal tensile testing machine. The microstructure of the fusion zone was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). According to the data, the shear strength values increased as the welding current increased. Additionally, it was shown that most failures occurred closer to the fusion zone (FZ). The primary cause is the crystal lattice's strained distortion, which weakens the nearby region of the fusion zone.","PeriodicalId":516635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Techniques","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140501736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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