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Peran Intelijen Melalui Perumusan Kebijakan Pertahanan Negara dalam Perang Hibrida 情报在制定混合战争国防政策中的作用
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.61332/ijpa.v7i1.152
A. Sarjito
Hybrid warfare, with its blend of conventional military tactics, irregular warfare, cyber attacks, and information operations, presents complex challenges to national security. The role of intelligence in understanding, countering, and formulating effective defense policies in hybrid warfare contexts is crucial. This qualitative research study examines the multifaceted role of intelligence in addressing hybrid warfare threats and shaping national defense policies. Utilizing secondary data sources, including government reports, academic publications, and policy analyses, the study employs thematic analysis to explore three key areas: (1) the role of intelligence in understanding and countering hybrid warfare threats; (2) integrating intelligence insights into formulating national defense policies to address hybrid threats; and (3) challenges in employing intelligence-led defense policies in hybrid warfare contexts. Findings highlight the significance of intelligence in providing situational awareness, informing policy decisions, and mitigating risks in hybrid warfare scenarios. The study ends by stressing how important it is for leaders to be able to adapt, for institutions to work together, and for ethical concerns to be taken into account when improving intelligence capabilities and making the best use of them to deal with the changing challenges of hybrid warfare.
混合战争融合了常规军事战术、非正规战争、网络攻击和信息作战,给国家安全带来了复杂的挑战。在混合战争背景下,情报在理解、反击和制定有效防御政策方面的作用至关重要。本定性研究探讨了情报在应对混合战争威胁和制定国防政策中的多方面作用。研究利用二手数据来源,包括政府报告、学术出版物和政策分析,采用专题分析方法探讨了三个关键领域:(1)情报在理解和应对混合战争威胁中的作用;(2)将情报见解纳入应对混合战争威胁的国防政策制定;以及(3)在混合战争背景下采用情报主导的国防政策所面临的挑战。研究结果强调了情报在提供态势感知、为政策决策提供信息以及在混合战争中降低风险方面的重要作用。研究最后强调,在提高情报能力和充分利用情报来应对混合战争不断变化的挑战时,领导者的适应能力、机构间的合作以及伦理方面的考虑是多么重要。
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引用次数: 0
Etnografi Khalayak Pada Pengguna Sosial Media Tiktok (Studi Generasi Z Kota Serang) Tiktok 社交媒体用户的受众人种学研究(Z 世代实浪市研究)
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.61332/ijpa.v7i1.142
Meiby Zulfikar, Rizky Briandana, Rizqi Fitrianti, Arfian Suryasuciramdhan, Fitrotul Kamilah
The reaction to the development of information and communication technology gave birth to new media that succeeded in becoming an interesting object as a means of communication and entertainment that became an addiction for its users, social media such as having an attachment to the social aspect of humans, Tiktok became one of the most attractive social media for its users, the emergence of Tiktok encouraged acceleration globalization era. Generation Z is the generation born in 1995-2010. The popularity of tiktok, which can be found on other social media such as Facebook, Instagram and others, is a part that contributes to user interest. Addiction to tiktok content is not immediately seen as an experience for users to receive justifiable information. The attachment to social media tiktok seems to have become a new medium in the life of generation Z. Users see the reality of the world based on what information is on tiktok social media, this is a development as a new form that has existed before in print media, columns, billboards, billboards, traditional media and so on. The purpose of this research is to see the experience of tiktok users in generation Z as a form of self-concept for its users. The research was conducted qualitatively with an audience ethnography method using a constructivist paradigm with an interpretative type. The interpretative paradigm is used to see the point of view of facts as something different that has context and meaning, looking at the experience of tiktok social media users on the user's self-concept.
信息和通信技术的发展催生了新媒体,新媒体成功地成为一种有趣的交流和娱乐手段,让用户沉迷其中,社交媒体如对人类社交方面的依恋,Tiktok 成为对用户最具吸引力的社交媒体之一,Tiktok 的出现鼓励加速全球化时代的到来。Z 世代是指 1995-2010 年出生的一代人。Tiktok 在 Facebook、Instagram 等其他社交媒体上也很受欢迎,这也是用户对其感兴趣的原因之一。对 tiktok 内容的沉迷不会立即被视为用户接收正当信息的一种体验。对社交媒体 tiktok 的依恋似乎已成为 Z 世代生活中的一种新媒介,用户根据 tiktok 社交媒体上的信息来看待现实世界,这是作为一种新形式的发展,而这种新形式之前已存在于平面媒体、专栏、广告牌、广告栏、传统媒体等。本研究的目的是将 Z 世代的 tiktok 用户体验视为其用户的一种自我概念形式。本研究采用受众民族志方法,使用解释类型的建构主义范式进行定性研究。解释范式用于将事实观点视为具有背景和意义的不同事物,研究 tiktok 社交媒体用户的体验对用户自我概念的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Analisis Dinamika Sosial Bagi Organisasi Serikat Pekerja pada Kebijakan Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 51 dalam Penetapan Upah Minimum 2024 di Provinsi Banten 关于万丹省第 51 号政府条例在确定 2024 年最低工资时的就业创造法政策的工会组织社会动态分析
Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.61332/ijpa.v7i1.136
Asep Saepulloh, Intan Indria Dewi, Masriyadi Masriyadi, A. Laksana, Riska Ferdiana
The annual minimum wage increase determined by the government is believed to be a complex calculation designed to meet the minimum needs of workers. However, with the introduction of a new policy formula in Government Regulation No. 51, where the alpha symbol (a) mentioned in paragraph 5 is a variable ranging from 0.10 to 0.30, the resulting percentage may be insignificant. This research aims to assess the impact of the percentage results obtained from Government Regulation No. 51 of 2023. The research method employed is descriptive analysis, utilizing both empirical and qualitative juridical study approaches. The discussion results reveal significant differences in the Minimum Wage decisions set by the Governor of Banten for the year 2024 compared to the calculated Minimum Wage increase in 2023. The percentage difference is not easily comparable due to the distinct references used for the increases in 2023 and 2024 – the difference in reference being between Minister of Manpower Regulation No. 18 of 2022 and Government Regulation No. 51, which yields significantly different percentage increases. The expected percentage through the discretion of the Regent, recommending 7.08%, contrasts sharply with the approved 1.51%, in accordance with the alpha index (a) calculation in Government Regulation No. 51
政府确定的年度最低工资增幅被认为是一种复杂的计算方法,旨在满足工人的最低需求。然而,由于第 51 号政府条例引入了新的政策公式,其中第 5 段提到的阿尔法符号(a)是一个介于 0.10 至 0.30 之间的变量,因此得出的百分比可能并不显著。本研究旨在评估从 2023 年第 51 号政府条例中得出的百分比结果的影响。采用的研究方法是描述性分析,同时利用实证和定性的司法研究方法。讨论结果显示,万丹省省长制定的 2024 年最低工资决定与计算得出的 2023 年最低工资增幅相比存在重大差异。由于 2023 年和 2024 年最低工资增长所使用的参照标准不同--人力部长 2022 年第 18 号条例和政府第 51 号条例之间的参照标准不同,所产生的增长百分比也大相径庭,因此百分比差异不易比较。根据第 51 号政府条例中阿尔法指数(a)的计算方法,执政官酌情建议的预期百分比为 7.08%,与批准的 1.51%形成鲜明对比。
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引用次数: 0
Strategi Komunikasi Dinas Perhubungan Kota Serang dalam Sosialisasi Kebijakan Program Sistem Satu Arah Jalan Kaujon Serang 实龙市交通局在实龙山单行道系统计划政策社会化方面的沟通策略
Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.61332/ijpa.v7i1.120
A. Laksana, Riska Ferdiana, Mansur Hanafi
Traffic congestion is a common phenomenon in many major cities, including the Kaujon area in Serang. Kaujon is one of the densely populated areas in the city of Serang, which has experienced rapid growth in recent years. The high population growth, supported by the development of infrastructure and the local economy, has led to transportation problems, particularly traffic congestion, becoming increasingly concerning. The objective of this research is to understand the communication strategies and steps taken by the Serang City Transportation Department in socializing the One-Way System Program Policy. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach and employs a case study, which involves using empirical evidence from one or more cases to study the problem within its context. The results of this study reveal that the Serang City Transportation Department employs communication strategies to socialize the One-Way Kaujon policy to the community. These socialization efforts involve various approaches, including but not limited to the following: 1) Operational Approach; 2) Persuasive and Educational Approach; 3) Coordinative Approach. As a result, information about and the policy of the One-Way System can be conveyed and implemented in Kaujon, Serang City, for the smooth flow of traffic on the city's roads.
交通拥堵是许多大城市的普遍现象,实浪的考戎地区也不例外。考戎是实浪市人口密集的地区之一,近年来发展迅速。在基础设施和当地经济发展的支持下,人口的高速增长导致交通问题,尤其是交通拥堵问题日益令人担忧。本研究的目的是了解实龙市交通局在将单行道系统计划政策社会化方面所采取的沟通策略和步骤。本研究采用描述性定性方法和案例研究,即利用一个或多个案例的经验证据来研究其背景下的问题。研究结果表明,实龙市交通局采用了沟通策略,将单向通行系统政策社会化。这些社会化工作涉及各种方法,包括但不限于以下方面:1) 操作方法;2) 说服和教育方法;3) 协调方法。因此,单行道系统的信息和政策可以在实浪市考戎传达和实施,以保证该市道路交通的顺畅。
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引用次数: 0
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PANDITA: Interdisciplinary Journal of Public Affairs
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