Indian journal of child health最新文献

英文中文

Digital cold panniculitis: A winter malady! 数码冷盘膜炎：冬季恶疾

Indian journal of child health

Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.32677/ijch.v11i4.4575

Prarthana Das, Dominic Belho Neibeituo

The panniculitides include a group of heterogeneous disorders of varied aetiology that manifest as inflamed nodules in the subcuta-neous tissue. Few forms of panniculitis namely subcutaneous fat necrosis exclusively affects newborns whereas other types affects adults and paediatric group equally. These lesions may appear secondary to some systemic illness or following external insult. We report a child presenting with panniculitis lesion involving all the digits of his hands following exposure to cold.

丹毒包括一组病因各异的疾病，表现为皮下组织的炎性结节。少数类型的泛发性皮下组织炎（即皮下脂肪坏死）只影响新生儿，而其他类型则同样影响成人和儿童。这些病变可能继发于某些全身性疾病或外伤。我们报告了一名因受凉而出现泛发性皮脂膜炎病变的患儿，病变累及他双手的所有手指。

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Prevalence and risk factors of diarrhea morbidity among under-five children in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 印度五岁以下儿童腹泻发病率和风险因素：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

Indian journal of child health

Pub Date : 2015-10-01 Epub Date: 2015-11-06

Enakshi Ganguly, Pawan K Sharma, Clareann H Bunker

Background: Acute diarrhea accounts for a huge burden of infectious diseases in under-five children.

Objective: This systematic review was carried out to study the prevalence and associated risk factors of diarrhea among Indian children aged <5 years.

Methods: Papers were identified by a comprehensive electronic search of relevant medical subject heading (MeSH) terms in PubMed. Identified articles were independently reviewed against inclusion/exclusion criteria and rated for quality. 15 articles were abstracted and reviewed to identify the reported prevalence and risk factors for childhood diarrhea. Meta-analysis was done for calculating the pooled prevalence of diarrhea and point estimates of risk factors using random effects model with use of appropriate population weights, and depicted using forest plot.

Results: The overall prevalence of diarrhea between 2002 and 2013 was 21.70% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.24-34.46). The significantly associated risk factors were malnutrition (odds ratio [OR]: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.53-1.96) and anemia (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.29-2.28) in child, and low socioeconomic status (OR: 7.14, 95% CI: 2.19-23.32). Age of the child <24 months, not breastfeeding, mothers' low literacy status and untreated drinking water did not show a significant association. Sex of the child, religion, higher education of mothers, and seasonality were found to be inconsistently associated in single studies.

Conclusion: It was concluded that there is sufficient evidence on the association of childhood diarrhea with socio-demographic factors, but evidence on other contributory factors including breastfeeding and vaccination is inconclusive. There is need to conduct more analytical studies on lesser known risk factors of diarrhea to establish their risk factors in Indian children.

背景：急性腹泻是五岁以下儿童感染性疾病的巨大负担：急性腹泻是五岁以下儿童传染病的一大负担：本系统综述旨在研究印度五岁以下儿童腹泻的发病率和相关风险因素：通过对 PubMed 中相关医学主题词 (MeSH) 的全面电子检索，确定了相关论文。根据纳入/排除标准对确定的文章进行独立审查，并评定其质量。对 15 篇文章进行了摘要和审查，以确定报告的儿童腹泻发病率和风险因素。采用随机效应模型和适当的人口权重进行了 Meta 分析，以计算腹泻的总体流行率和风险因素的点估计值，并用森林图进行了描述：2002年至2013年期间，腹泻的总体流行率为21.70%（95%置信区间[CI]：11.24-34.46）。明显相关的风险因素是儿童营养不良（几率比 [OR]：1.73，95% CI：1.53-1.96）和贫血（OR：1.71，95% CI：1.29-2.28），以及社会经济地位低下（OR：7.14，95% CI：2.19-23.32）。儿童年龄结论是，有足够的证据表明儿童腹泻与社会人口因素有关，但关于其他诱因（包括母乳喂养和疫苗接种）的证据尚无定论。有必要对鲜为人知的腹泻风险因素进行更多的分析研究，以确定其在印度儿童中的风险因素。

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