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The prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection and cagA virulence gene carriage in adults in the Navajo Nation. 纳瓦霍部落成年人幽门螺杆菌感染和 cagA 毒力基因携带的流行率和风险因素。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.26355/mhd_20247_1007
Dornell Pete, Nina R Salama, Johanna W Lampe, Michael C Wu, Amanda I Phipps

Background: American Indian and Alaska Native people in the United States experience high rates of stomach cancer. Helicobacter pylori infection is a significant risk factor for stomach cancer, and H. pylori strains that carry the cagA gene are linked to greater gastrointestinal disease severity. Yet, little is known about H. pylori and cagA infections in American Indian and Alaska Native people, particularly at the tribal level. We assessed the prevalence and risk factors of H. pylori infection and cagA gene carriage in tribal members from the Navajo Nation.

Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with adults from the Navajo Nation. Stool samples collected from participants were analyzed with droplet digital PCR for H. pylori 16S ribosomal and cagA virulence genes. Self-administered health and food questionnaires were mailed to participants to collect information on sociodemographic, health, lifestyle, and environmental risk factors for H. pylori infection. Logistic regression assessed the association between risk factors and H. pylori infection and cagA gene carriage.

Results: Among 99 adults, the median age was 45 (age range: 18 to 79 years), and 73.7% were female. About 56.6% (95% CI: 46.2-66.5) of participants were infected with H. pylori. Of H. pylori-infected participants, 78.6% (95% CI: 65.6-88.4) were cagA-gene positive. No significant associations of relevant risk factors with H. pylori and cagA-gene positive infections were noted.

Conclusions: In a community-based study population, a substantial proportion of adult tribal members had H. pylori and cagA-gene positive infections. Given these high proportions, culturally appropriate prevention strategies and interventions addressing H. pylori infections present an avenue for additional research and stomach cancer prevention in the Navajo Nation.

背景:在美国,美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民的胃癌发病率很高。幽门螺杆菌感染是胃癌的一个重要风险因素,携带 cagA 基因的幽门螺杆菌菌株与胃肠道疾病的严重程度有关。然而,人们对美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民的幽门螺杆菌和 cagA 感染知之甚少,尤其是在部落层面。我们评估了纳瓦霍部落成员中幽门螺杆菌感染和 cagA 基因携带的流行率和风险因素:我们对纳瓦霍部落的成年人进行了一项横断面研究。我们用液滴数字 PCR 分析了参与者采集的粪便样本中的幽门螺杆菌 16S 核糖体和 cagA 毒力基因。向参与者邮寄了自填式健康和食品问卷,以收集有关幽门螺杆菌感染的社会人口、健康、生活方式和环境风险因素的信息。逻辑回归评估了风险因素与幽门螺杆菌感染和 cagA 基因携带之间的关系:在 99 名成年人中,年龄中位数为 45 岁(年龄范围:18 至 79 岁),73.7% 为女性。约 56.6%(95% CI:46.2-66.5)的参与者感染了幽门螺杆菌。在幽门螺杆菌感染者中,78.6%(95% CI:65.6-88.4)为 cagA 基因阳性。没有发现相关风险因素与幽门螺杆菌和 cagA 基因阳性感染有明显关联:结论:在以社区为基础的研究人群中,相当一部分成年部落成员幽门螺杆菌和 cagA 基因阳性。鉴于这些高比例,针对幽门螺杆菌感染的文化适宜性预防策略和干预措施为在纳瓦霍部落开展更多研究和胃癌预防提供了途径。
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Microbiota in health and disease
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